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                <text>Staff  Publications</text>
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              <text>POSTPARTUM ANOESTRUS INEXTENSIVELY MANAGED BEEF COWS&#13;
&#13;
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          <name>Creator</name>
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              <text>SOUL WASHAYA</text>
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              <text> CLARICE P. MUDZENGI</text>
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              <text>VIMBAI GOBVU</text>
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              <text>TAKUDZWA MAFIGU </text>
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              <text>RATCHEL MUTORE</text>
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              <text>Cows should produce a calf every year, unfortunately, communal beef cows face unique and numerous challenges, which often preclude achieving this goal. In this review, we describe the lack of ovarian activity in beef cows as influenced by endocrine, behavioral, psychological and environmental factors, in order to promote pragmatic interventions for cattle productivity under communal production systems. Following parturition, cows undergo a significant period of sexual quiescence that varies widely and, nutritional deficiencies, suckling, hormonal imbalances and stress have been implicated. The resumption of estrous cycles postcalving in these cows exceeds the 80-day mark. This delay is predicated on the lack of the positive feedback effects of estradiol on luteinizing hormone, circulating concentrations of metabolic hormones and growth factors. These delays decrease conception rates and increase calving to conception intervals, common in extensively managed beef cows. The production conditions inadvertently surmise producers to become hesitant to use assisted reproductive technologies that are known to improve efficiencies. In addition, feed supplementation, which is nonexistent in such production systems, is a strategy readily leveraged by beef and dairy producers in commercial systems. Options for treating cows with an extended PPI are germanely going forward.</text>
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              <text>Intechopen</text>
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              <text>2025</text>
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    <tag tagId="923">
      <name>altruism</name>
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      <name>communal beef cows</name>
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    <tag tagId="1270">
      <name>hormones uncontrolled breeding</name>
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    <tag tagId="1269">
      <name>ovarian cyclicity reproductive</name>
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