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                <text>Staff  Publications</text>
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          <name>Title</name>
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              <text>THE SIGNIFICANCE OF ENGENDERED INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS IN&#13;
SMALLHOLDER ANIMAL AGRICULTURE IN SUB SAHARAN AFRICA&#13;
&#13;
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              <text>N. ASSAN</text>
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              <text>M. MGCINI</text>
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              <text>The subject of gender and animal agriculture has&#13;
attracted attention in recent years, primarily from the need to&#13;
addressing the gender divide and fulfilling the special needs of&#13;
women in food production. Animal agriculture is severely&#13;
constrained by the presence of a wide range of factors that&#13;
affect both production and productivity of livestock, especially&#13;
in the poor rural farming communities that don’t have the&#13;
access to modern and/or conventional livestock management&#13;
skills. Women in particular, face a number of interlinked&#13;
constraints that reduce their sustainable contribution of&#13;
indigenous knowledge to animal agriculture and food security.&#13;
As a result of this scenario, enhancing animal agriculture;&#13;
gender equality and utilization of indigenous knowledge as&#13;
means of promoting food security and reduce poverty has been&#13;
a challenge in Sub Saharan Africa. It is believed that within the&#13;
small-holder livestock production systems which is&#13;
characterized by a generally low input-output system, the&#13;
sustainability of animal agriculture efforts need to consider&#13;
indigenous knowledge system as a dominant factor in&#13;
improving production. Identifying indigenous knowledge&#13;
systems in animal agriculture that support women’s roles and&#13;
effort as livestock owners, processors and users of livestock&#13;
products while strengthening their decision-making power and capabilities, are key aspects in promoting women’s economic&#13;
and social empowerment, and consequently provides a way to&#13;
enable rural women to break the cycle of poverty. Women play&#13;
an important role in animal agriculture through management,&#13;
processing and marketing, acting as animal care providers,&#13;
livestock feed gatherers, and animal birth attendants. They take&#13;
care of milking of animals, although not all women control the&#13;
sale of milk and its products. Raising awareness concerning the&#13;
value of gendered indigenous knowledge related to the&#13;
sustainable use and management of animal agriculture is crucial&#13;
for alleviating food insecurity and enhancing rural&#13;
development. The discussion attempt to explore the role of&#13;
engendered indigenous knowledge systems as they relate to&#13;
animal agriculture and their implications for improving animal&#13;
agriculture and food security in Sub Saharan Africa</text>
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          <name>Publisher</name>
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              <text>Scientific Journal of Review</text>
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          <name>Date</name>
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              <text>2014</text>
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