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              <text>THE CONCEPT OF APPROACHES IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES, IN PARTICULAR PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION&#13;
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              <text>DR S.B.M. MARUME&#13;
 &#13;
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              <text>MR. R.R. JUBENKANDA&#13;
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              <text> MR. C.W. NAMUSI</text>
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              <text>Arnold Brecht (1967:57), one of the leading 20th century-political scientist, maintains that clarity and&#13;
unambiguity of all terms and concepts used in a study are the first requirements of logical reasoning. It is&#13;
against this background that the three academics have decided to examine systematically the concept of&#13;
approaches which has been erroneously used interchangeably and synonymously with the concept of methods in&#13;
the social sciences, for example, sociology, economics, political science, business administration, strategic&#13;
management, international politics, strategic studies, psychology, and so on. The purpose of this article is to&#13;
demonstrate that (a) methods and approaches are two different terms with different meanings and (b) different&#13;
classifications of the concept approaches in the social sciences</text>
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              <text>IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM</text>
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              <text>2016</text>
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      <name>approaches</name>
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      <name>empiricism</name>
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      <name>methods</name>
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    <tag tagId="668">
      <name>normativism and logical positivism</name>
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