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                <text>USING LIVELIHOOD PROFILES FOR ASSESSING CONTEXT IN ICT4D RESARCH:&#13;
A CASE STUDY OF ZIMBABWE’S HIGHVELD PRIME COMMUNAL&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>SAM TAKAVARASHA JR&#13;
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                <text>GILFORD HAPANYENGWI&#13;
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                <text>GABRIEL KABANDA</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>The importance of context specific ICT4D innovation has been highlighted in Information&#13;
Systems research by the short-comings of a-contextual innovation. This has often been&#13;
accepted without due understanding of how to develop context specific interventions. There&#13;
is therefore a need for a framework that elucidates ICT4D contextualisation and guides the&#13;
development of context specific interventions. This should be useful to practitioners that are&#13;
constantly advised to develop context specific artefacts without any clarity of how to do so.&#13;
Using evidence from Zimbabwe this paper proposes the use of livelihood profiles for&#13;
identifying the livelihood issues that matter in a particular locality and Sen’s Capability&#13;
Approach for assessing the opportunity freedoms to exploit the local livelihoods. This is&#13;
presented as a systematic way of establishing the context under which ICT4D interventions&#13;
will be deployed. The study uses focus groups under an interpretivist paradigm to investigate&#13;
contextual issues in Zimbabwe Highveld Prime Communal livelihood zone. The study found&#13;
a politically polarised contextual setting characterised by poor agricultural finance,&#13;
ineffective crop and livestock markets, unrewarding labour markets against a good&#13;
agricultural climate that is affected by cyclical droughts. As a result the study posits that&#13;
ICT4D innovations for the zone must be designed to operate under these realities and&#13;
limitations</text>
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                <text>EJISDC</text>
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                <text>2017</text>
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                <text>TWENTY FIRST CENTURY AND REHABILITATION PROGRAMMES FOR&#13;
INMATES IN ZIMBABWE PRISONS&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>SAMANYANGA ITAI &#13;
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                <text>CHIGUNWE GILLIET</text>
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                <text>The study was set to establish the extent to which Zimbabwe Prisons and Correctional&#13;
Services (ZPCS) provide rehabilitation and correctional services. World over, people are&#13;
imprisoned after the courts have found them to be guilt of an offence. Incarcerating an&#13;
offender is regarded as punishment enough. The Zimbabwe Prisons and Correctional Services&#13;
adopted the international standards that emphasise rehabilitation and empowerment of&#13;
inmates with employment opportunity skills whilst serving. The study adopted the qualitative&#13;
paradigm and descriptive survey method. Convenient sampling and snowballing were used&#13;
to select prison officers whom were involved in the interviews. The findings revealed that&#13;
ZPCS emphasises on the development and empowerment of offenders to lead a crime free&#13;
life through equipping them with employment and vocational skills. It was revealed that&#13;
ZPCS does not have standard rehabilitation and correctional service programmes. Career&#13;
guidance and counselling is not much priority provision for inmates. There is need to include&#13;
career guidance programme in the rehabilitation and correctional package so that inmates&#13;
make informed decisions on choosing vocational and career programmes. ZPCS should also&#13;
put in place some standard measures of rehabilitation and correctional services as well as&#13;
quality assurance monitoring instruments in Zimbabwe‟s prison services.</text>
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                <text>AARJSH&#13;
ASIAN ACADEMIC RESEARCH&#13;
J O U R N A L O F S O C I A L&#13;
S C I E N C E &amp; H U M A N I T I E S</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>2015</text>
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        <name>Counselling</name>
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        <name>Offender</name>
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        <name>Prisoners/inmates Career Guidance</name>
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        <name>Rehabilitation</name>
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        <name>Vocational Training.</name>
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                <text>THE NATURE OF ADMINISTRATIVE LEADERSHIP IN INSTITUTIONS&#13;
&#13;
SAMSON BROWN MUCHINERIPI MARUME&#13;
ROY ROBSON JUBENKANDA&#13;
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                <text>SAMSON BROWN MUCHINERIPI MARUME&#13;
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                <text>ROY ROBSON JUBENKANDA</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Many prominent scientists, scholars, practitioners and writers are agreed that the most polymorphic concept of leadership is&#13;
an indispensable and universal element for the useful and successful functioning of a group or institution and attainment of&#13;
its goals and objectives. They further maintain that without leadership a group or institution is but a mule of men and&#13;
women and machines. Leadership transforms potential into reality. It is the ultimate act that brings to success all the&#13;
potential which is in an institution and its people. This particular article focuses on the meanings and the nature of&#13;
administrative leadership.</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="1491">
                <text>The International Journal Of Humanities &amp; Social Studies</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>2016</text>
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        <name>administration</name>
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                <text>&#13;
PESTICIDAL PROPERTIES OF CHIVE (ALLIUM SCHOENOPRASUM)AGAINST CABBAGE APHID (BREVICORYNE BRASSICAE) IN RAPE (BRASSICA NAPUS)&#13;
</text>
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                <text>SHADRECK KATURUZA, </text>
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                <text>NYEMBEZI MGOCHEKI </text>
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                <text>WISDOM KURANGWA</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>The cabbage aphid is of agricultural concern vectoring at least 20 viral pathogens in crucifers. The&#13;
aphids have demonstrated tolerance to a number of synthetic pesticides. Botanical pesticides are&#13;
reasonably sustainable and effective in suppressing cabbage aphid populations in crucifers hence&#13;
improved crop quality and yield per hectare. An experiment was run to test the efficacy of various&#13;
concentrations of a botanical pesticide derived from chive (Alliumschoneoprasum&#13;
in controlling cabbage aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae) in rape. The experiment was laid out in a&#13;
Complete randomized design (CRD) with four treatments and four replicates as follows; 12g chive&#13;
extract, 8g chive extract, 4g chive extract and 0g control (water spray). Analysis&#13;
separate mean mortality was done using Gens tat version 18 and least significant difference at 0.05&#13;
probability level was used to separate means. SPSS version 20 was used in estimating LC&#13;
excel was used in calculating the regression equation. Significant differences (p&lt;0.05) were observed&#13;
throughout the trial, where highest mortality rates were observed in 12g chive extract (94.5%) and&#13;
lowest mortality in control (12.2%) was observed. Pesticide concentration atLC&#13;
was estimated as a concentration of 7g/l. There were no observed signs of phytotoxicity even though&#13;
other studies have shown that chances are high when the dose is increased. The experiments revealed&#13;
that chive leaf extracts had pesticidal effects hence can be used to effectively control cabbage aphid in&#13;
rape by smallholder vegetable producers.&#13;
</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="953">
                <text>International Journal of Current Research</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2019</text>
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        <name>Botanical pesticides</name>
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        <name>LC50</name>
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        <name>Mortality</name>
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        <name>Phytotoxicity</name>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>TRADE LIBERALISATION-CAPITAL INFLOW: AN INCLUSIVE FRAMEWORK FOR ZIMBABWE&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>SHAME MUKOKA</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>This study sought to determine a framework of upholding trade liberalism for increased capital&#13;
inflows in the form of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) for Zimbabwe. The study used the&#13;
ARDL-ECM in the determination of the nexus between the two variables, for the data covering&#13;
1980 to 2021. E-views Version 9.0 Statistical Package was used to run the regressions. Data&#13;
were obtained from the Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe, International Monetary Fund and World&#13;
Bank. The study found that in the short-run, trade openness has a significant inverse&#13;
relationship with capital flows (FDI), whilst in the long-run there is a significant positive&#13;
relationship between them for Zimbabwe. The study recommends that there be duty free on&#13;
capital goods, that the government give incentives on exporters, that all goods exported go&#13;
through the process of value addition, that the government provide subsidies on exporters and,&#13;
that the government ensure efficiency at ports through infrastructure develop</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
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                <text>Zimbabwe Journal of Business, Economics, and Management </text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>2023</text>
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        <name>ARDL</name>
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        <name>Capital Flows</name>
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        <name>Trade Liberalisation</name>
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                <text>AN INCLUSIVE MODEL OF EDUCATIONAL EXPENDITURE AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT FOR ZIMBABWE&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>SHAME MUKOKA</text>
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                <text>This study sought to determine an inclusive framework for education expenditure that enhances&#13;
economic development for Zimbabwe. The study used the ARDL-ECM in the determination&#13;
of the relationship between the two variables, using data for the period 1980 to 2021. E-views&#13;
Version 12.0 Statistical Package was used to run the regressions. Data were obtained from the&#13;
International Monetary Fund and World Bank. The study found an inverse relationship between&#13;
expenditure on education and economic development in Zimbabwe for both the short-run and&#13;
long-run periods. Guided by the Zimbabwe Education 5.0 Model, the study recommends that&#13;
a stand-alone research budget be made available for the institutions of higher education. It is&#13;
also true with the industry that expects the best from graduates to fund research done by the&#13;
institutions of higher education. It follows, therefore, that the industry must have constant&#13;
liaison with the institutions of higher education, presenting challenges which they are facing&#13;
for research to be conducted with the view of proffering solutions. In fact, facilitators from the&#13;
institutions of higher education must be able to research on the needs of the economy, and&#13;
impart knowledge on students, guided by the predetermined economic needs. It is from the&#13;
research that the institutions would have conducted that would inform the content of teaching&#13;
and community outreach. The students would then benefit from the researched teaching, thus,&#13;
enabling them, and the facilitators to cause innovation and industrialisation</text>
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                <text>Zimbabwe Journal of Business, Economics and Management</text>
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                <text>2023</text>
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                <text>TRAVELLERS’ LEVEL OF SATISFACTION WITH THE QUALITY OF&#13;
SERVICES AT HARARE INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT&#13;
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                <text>SHAMISO P. NYAJEKA&#13;
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                <text>THOMAS P.Z. MPOFU&#13;
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                <text>Although Zimbabwe’s tourism suffered a dramatic downward trend between 2000 and&#13;
2010, the establishment of the government of national unity brought a positive upturn in&#13;
tourist arrivals. However, the growth of tourism is still below its expected potential.&#13;
Whilst a number of factors militating against the full realization of the country’s tourism&#13;
potential have been identified, the influence of the quality of service delivery has not&#13;
been analyzed. This study, therefore, purports to specifically assess how travellers rated&#13;
the quality of service delivery at Harare International Airport. In this pursuit, the objectives&#13;
of the study are to (1) ascertain the profile of passengers travelling through Harare&#13;
International Airport, (2) determine the quality of airport services from the passengers’&#13;
perspective and (3) identify aspects of service delivery that need to be improved. This&#13;
study adopted a quantitative approach and made use of questionnaires administered to&#13;
410 passengers departing from the Harare International Airport between December&#13;
2013 and January 2014. Drawing from the SERVQUAL model the study focused on 5&#13;
dimensions, namely, reliability, assurance, tangibility, empathy and responsiveness.&#13;
Analysis of the typically numeric data was essentially done through SPSS and reveals&#13;
that developed countries dominate international arrivals travelling to Zimbabwe by air. In&#13;
this regard, Europe is the key source market for Zimbabwean tourism, whilst South&#13;
Africa stands out as the dominant market for travellers from within the African continent.&#13;
The study reveals that the greatest number of respondents (88%) has, over the last&#13;
twelve months, travelled more than once through Harare International Airport. Travellers&#13;
on holiday dominate the tourist market followed by business and educational travellers&#13;
respectively. South African Airways, BA Comair, Kenya Airways and Emirates are the&#13;
most travelled on airlines to Harare, with South African Airways having the largest&#13;
market share of international travellers. Considerable gaps exist between expectations&#13;
and perceptions. Although rated as above average, service quality across the five&#13;
dimensions falls below passenger expectations. Of significance, the largest service quality&#13;
gap relates to the lack of a variety of well known retail outlets at the airport. It is,&#13;
therefore, concluded that there is room for improvement in all aspects of service delivery&#13;
at the airport. Whereas airport authorities should consider recommendations from the&#13;
passengers to close the existing negative gaps, the dynamic nature of the aviation industry&#13;
calls for the continuous assessment of service quality to ensure consistent satisfaction of&#13;
airline passengers</text>
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                <text>International Open and Distance Learning JournaI</text>
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        <name>Service Delivery</name>
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        <name>tangibility</name>
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                <text>AN ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF AIRPORT SERVICE QUALITY ON&#13;
THE GROWTH OF TOURISM IN ZIMBABWE&#13;
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                <text>SHAMISO PRECIOUS NYAJEKA</text>
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                <text>Zimbabwe is adorned with tourism growth antecedents such as ample flora and fauna,&#13;
spectacular scenery and cultural heritage sites yet the country continues to have an&#13;
underutilized tourism sector. Following years of steady growth, the sector embarked on a&#13;
downward trend in 1999. The global economic crisis, as well as the negative publicity and&#13;
political unrest following the Land Reform Programme, have been cited as major causes of&#13;
Zimbabwe‟s tourism slump. The signing of the Global Political Agreement in 2009&#13;
restored the country‟s economic and political sanity, setting the tourism sector on a&#13;
recovery path. Zimbabwe‟s tourism however, continues to perform below its potential,&#13;
necessitating the consideration of other factors that could possibly influence the sector‟s&#13;
performance. This study therefore, sought to establish the quality of services at Harare&#13;
International Airport and ascertain its role in tourists‟ decisions to travel to Harare. Basing&#13;
on the SERVQUAL model, questionnaires were developed and fully completed by 410&#13;
passengers and 75 representatives of the various customer service departments at the&#13;
Airport. To this end, the expectations and perceptions of respondents regarding the&#13;
SERVQUAL dimensions of reliability, assurance, tangibility, empathy and responsiveness&#13;
were sought. The study revealed that for all five dimensions, actual services delivered&#13;
were below the expectations of passengers. Although services were not of a poor standard,&#13;
there was room for improvement. Airport service quality was however, of significance to&#13;
those travelling for reasons other than visiting friends and relatives. The Gap analysis&#13;
suggests that managers were misguided on the service priorities of passengers. It can&#13;
therefore, be concluded that Zimbabwe is capable of receiving more tourists by improving&#13;
airport service quality. For that reason, Government investment in airports should be&#13;
directed toward areas with the potential of raising service quality levels, thereby&#13;
encouraging the influx of visitors who are sensitive to airport service quality. Investment&#13;
in the human element of service delivery is also recommended to facilitate excellent&#13;
customer service at airports</text>
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                <text>ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY </text>
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                <text>2016</text>
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                <text>WORKPLACE COUNSELLING AS A REMEDY FOR BURNOUT:&#13;
A CASE STUDY OF OPERATIONAL NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANISATION SECTOR&#13;
RESPONDING TO EMERGENCIES IN MIDLANDS REGION OF ZIMBABWE&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>SHEPHERD SHUMBA</text>
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                <text>The study investigated whether workplace counselling was a remedy for burnout&#13;
which operational nongovernmental organisation (NGO) employees experience. The&#13;
study was prompted by the fact that in Zimbabwe there is no recommended solution&#13;
to the problem of burnout. This study was premised on the qualitative research design&#13;
rooted in the interpretivist paradigm and was conducted in four operational NGOs&#13;
responding to humanitarian emergencies in Midlands Region of Zimbabwe. The&#13;
sample was made up of 8 participants from management, 22 employees from field&#13;
staff to get a total of 30 participants purposively sampled. Data were generated&#13;
through open ended questionnaires, interviews, observation and document analysis.&#13;
Ethical considerations were met through seeking permission and informed consent&#13;
from the selected NGOs and participants. Grounded theory was used as the basis for&#13;
the analysis. The results were centred on four themes which were causes of burnout,&#13;
current methods being used to prevent and treat burnout and their shortfalls and&#13;
counselling as a means to deal with burnout. The findings showed that participants&#13;
knew what burnout is and indicated that it is characterised by exhaustion, lack of&#13;
enthusiasm and motivation and feeling 'drained. Findings on causes of burnout&#13;
indicated that overworking and irrational thinking were some of the major causes of&#13;
burnout. The research results also indicated that burnout negatively affects&#13;
employees, resulting in diminished accomplishments, reduced efficacy, absenteeism,&#13;
physical illness, reduced commitment and professionalism. On current methods of&#13;
treatment of burnout, results indicate that employees largely rely on generic&#13;
counselling, natural approach and medication. However, participants pointed out that&#13;
burnout cannot be treated by medicine since it is not an infectious illness. Moreso,&#13;
drugs cannot change irrational thinking that promotes burnout and drugs whip the&#13;
adrenals. Findings showed that counselling can treat burnout through behaviour&#13;
modification and change in lifestyle. Hence, it can be concluded that counseling is a&#13;
remedy for burnout. The first key recommendation is that workplace counselling&#13;
should be provided by NGOs to employees as a remedy to burnout that employees&#13;
experience and counselling should be theory driven for it to be effective and&#13;
professional. I further recommend that medical treatment be used to treat symptoms&#13;
of burnout.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="1997">
                <text>ZOU</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="1998">
                <text>2017</text>
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        <name>non-governmental organisations</name>
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                <text>A FRAMEWORK OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE SYSTEMS FOR THE PERFORMANCE OF&#13;
STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES IN ZIMBABWE&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>SIBANDA HONEST </text>
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                <text>Poor governance practices have remained entrenched in both the public and private sectors despite the adoption of various legal frameworks and institutional measures aimed at promoting corporate governance practices. A close analysis of the focus of many studies conducted to date on corporate governance, reveal the existence of a gap in the search for an institutional framework of corporate governance systems for the state-owned enterprises in Zimbabwe. Poor governance has continued to haunt SOEs leading to poor service delivery. Therefore, this study using qualitative content analysis sought to develop an institutional framework of corporate governance systems for the performance of state-owned enterprises in Zimbabwe. Evidence from the study indicates that poor corporate governance in SOEs has been driven by such factors as political interference, lack of political will, poor rules and regulation in the running of SOEs among a host of other challenges. Basically, the institutional framework of corporate governance systems for the performance of state-owned enterprises in Zimbabwe that maybe adopted should comprise of the following: engage stakeholders so that they can have by-in on policies, scan and learn from best practices from elsewhere, rationalise SOEs, listing of SOEs on Public Exchanges, review and improve policy and legislation, capacity building, enhance political will, invest in corporate governance research, establish independent boards and the&#13;
unbundling monoliths and disposing non-essential SOE’s and strengthen rule or law. However, there is still need for studies on how these can be harnessed for promoting good corporate governance in SOEs</text>
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                <text>Zimbabwe Journal of Business, Economics and Management </text>
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                <text>AN ASSESSMENT OF FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO&#13;
HIGH SECONDARY SCHOOL PUPILS DROPOUT RATES&#13;
IN ZIMBABWE. A CASE STUDY OF BULILIMA DISTRICT</text>
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                <text>SIKULILE MOYO</text>
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                <text> DINGINDAWO NCUBE</text>
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                <text>MUSA KHUPE</text>
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                <text>The study sought to assess factors contributing to high secondary school pupils dropouts in Bulilima District in Zimbabwe. Bulilima&#13;
District has for a long time been experiencing high dropout rates amongst secondary school pupils due to a number of factors which&#13;
needed exploration in order solve the problem. The study used a case study design and a qualitative method with individual and group&#13;
interviews (focus group discussions) as data collection techniques. The study participants included teachers, heads of schools and&#13;
members of the community who included both adults and the youths, selected through the purposive convenience sampling technique.&#13;
The study was anchored on the human capital theory which advocates for investing in human capital through education that in turn is&#13;
expected to stimulate socio-economic development of a country. The findings are absentee parents, financial hardships, hunger and&#13;
poverty, home school distance, teenage pregnancies and peer pressure .The study recommends that the government of Zimbabwe&#13;
subsidises examination fees, implements ‘free primary education for all’ in line with the constitution of Zimbabwe. Furthermore the&#13;
government of Zimbabwe in collaboration with key stakeholders builds more secondary schools in Bulilima district. Finally more&#13;
research be done on the problem of secondary school pupils drop out in order to bring more insight on this problem bedeviling&#13;
Bulilima district.</text>
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                <text>Global Journal of Advanced Research</text>
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                <text>UTILIZING FORENSIC ACCOUNTING TOOLS FOR ENHANCING FRAUD&#13;
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                <text>Fraud poses a significant challenge to the public sector in Zimbabwe, with severe consequences.&#13;
Local authorities are tasked with developing effective strategies to combat fraud. This study aimed&#13;
to investigate how the application of forensic accounting techniques can enhance fraud prevention&#13;
and detection within Zimbabwe's public sector, focusing on local authorities crucial for achieving&#13;
Zimbabwe’s Vision 2030. Operational objectives were outlined, and quantitative data was&#13;
collected. Drawing on pragmatism as the research philosophy, information was gathered from a&#13;
representative sample of 280 participants, including accountants, internal auditors, forensic&#13;
specialists, administrators, and law enforcement officials within local authorities. A structured 5-&#13;
point Likert questionnaire was employed, guided by the Reasoned Action theory. Through&#13;
Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), a Structural&#13;
Equation Modelling (SEM) approach assessed the impact of forensic accounting's fraud prevention&#13;
and detection techniques, alongside forensic accounting services, on actual fraud prevention and&#13;
detection mechanisms in urban local authorities. The results indicated that the use of forensic&#13;
accounting's fraud detection techniques had the most significant influence, followed by prevention&#13;
techniques and then forensic accounting services. The study concluded that local authorities&#13;
leveraging forensic accounting for detection and prevention are better equipped to unearth and&#13;
prevent fraudulent activities. Challenges were identified, including educational, political, and legal&#13;
obstacles hindering the effectiveness of forensic accounting. To address these issues, the study&#13;
recommends that local authorities prioritize the adoption of forensic accounting techniques as a&#13;
primary defense against fraud. It suggests enhanced training for External Auditors and internal&#13;
auditors in fraud investigation over traditional auditing methods. Additionally, it calls for&#13;
governmental reassessment of existing laws and regulations, emphasizing the urgent need for the&#13;
Forensic Accounting Act and whistle-blowing legislation. The study also proposes a forensic&#13;
accounting fraud detective tool tailored for local authority use.</text>
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                <text>ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY </text>
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                <text>CHALLENGES FACED BY ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN ACCESSING AND USING ICT MATERIALS: A CASE STUDY OF THE MIDLANDS REGIONAL CAMPUS</text>
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                <text>SILVANOS CHIRUME</text>
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                <text>In its 2017 Strategic Plan, Zimbabwe Open University (ZOU) proposed that every Masters student should prepare and submit assignments online. Every student is also encouraged to access learning materials online and to use the MyVista platform.&#13;
It appeared that the authorities envisioned this idea without having adequate information on the sufficiency, accessibility, and ability to use the ICT materials&#13;
by the students. It also appeared that use of ICT materials by ZOU students was minimal. A study was then carried out to investigate the challenges faced by ZOU students of the Midlands Regional Campus in accessing and using ICT materials for learning, research and producing assignments. Using convenience sampling,&#13;
15students who visited the ICT laboratory during the first semester of 2017 were selected and interviewed. Data were analysed using her meneutical analysis techniques. Findings were that students had challenges in being involved in collaborative learning with other students and lecturers due to limited resources and skills in using ICT materials, getting positive influence from lecturers since&#13;
lecturers did not integrate ICT’s in tutorials and absence of ICT’s at students’ work places in the remote areas of the Midlands province of Zimbabwe. The study recommends that ZOU needs to put in place adequate ICT machines for the students, make them accessible at all times, and train all students and staff in the proper use of the facilities, inter alia. Further studies can also be carried out in other regional campuses of ZOU.</text>
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                <text>International Open and Distance Learning Journal Special Edition</text>
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                <text>CONSUMER EPIPHANIES ON DIGITAL BANKING RESILIENCE IN DEVELOPING&#13;
COUNTRIES. REFLECTIONS FROM ZIMBABWE&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>RAMIFICATIONS OF SOCIAL MEDIA CONTENT MARKETING ON FIRM SURVIVAL: META- ANALYSIS&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>The rapid proliferation of social media has transformed content marketing into a critical&#13;
strategy for firm survival in the digital age. This research paper synthesised the existing&#13;
literature to evaluate the impact of social media content marketing on organisational resilience&#13;
and longevity. By conducting a meta-analysis of 50 peer-reviewed studies published between&#13;
2010 and 2023, the paper identified key trends, outcomes, and challenges associated with social&#13;
media content marketing. Findings revealled that effective content marketing strategies, such&#13;
as storytelling, user-generated content, and influencer collaborations, significantly enhanced&#13;
brand visibility, customer engagement, and loyalty, which were critical for firm survival in&#13;
competitive markets. However, the study also highlighted potential risks, including&#13;
reputational damage from poorly managed campaigns and the high costs of maintaining&#13;
consistent, high-quality content. The paper further explored the role of platform algorithms,&#13;
audience targeting, and data analytics in optimising content marketing efforts. It emphasises&#13;
the importance of adaptability and innovation in responding to evolving consumer preferences&#13;
and technological advancements. The meta-analysis concluded that while social media content&#13;
marketing offerred substantial opportunities for firm survival, its success depended on strategic&#13;
planning, ethical practices, and continuous performance evaluation. This research contributed&#13;
to the broader discourse on digital marketing by providing evidence-based insights for&#13;
practitioners and scholars, ultimately guiding firms in leveraging social media to ensure long-&#13;
term sustainability.</text>
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                <text>FROM TRANSITION TO TRANSFORMATION: EXPLORING THE INDUCTION OF NEW LECTURERS IN TEACHERS’ COLLEGES IN ZIMBABWE&#13;
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                <text>This study investigates the experiences and strategies pertinent to the induction of new lecturers in teachers' colleges, with a specific emphasis on those transitioning from secondary school teaching to primary education. The research identifies critical gaps within current induction programmes, particularly a lack of emphasis on essential pedagogical skills, effective assessment practices and the management of adult learners. Data were gathered through semi-structured interviews with 15 lecturers and thematic analysis was employed to interpret and analyse the findings. The results reveal that although induction programmes are in place, they predominantly concentrate on operational aspects, such as familiarisation with college services and administrative processes, which ultimately leaves new lecturers inadequately prepared for the professional demands of teaching. A significant finding was the prevalent assumption that lecturers would naturally adapt to the pedagogical requirements of higher education, despite the substantial differences in teaching approaches between secondary and primary education. Furthermore, the study uncovered notable deficiencies in training related to assessment practices and the supervision of teaching practices. In response to these identified gaps, the study proposes several strategies for enhancing induction programmes, including the reintroduction of short-term attachments to primary schools, the development of comprehensive mentorship programmes and targeted training on adult learning principles. These strategies are designed to bridge the existing gaps in the preparation of new lecturers and to facilitate smoother transitions into teaching roles. The paper concludes by advocating for the implementation of structured and well-rounded induction programmes that address both operational and professional dimensions, thereby improving lecturer effectiveness and enhancing the overall quality of teacher education.</text>
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                <text>The current study sought to explore the effects of Statutory Instrument Number 64 of 2016 on the&#13;
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                <text>The school's effectiveness increases when the school head prioritises teaching and learning, dedicating significant time to academic programmes and inspiring teaching staff. Effective instructional leadership is known to enhance educational outcomes and yet its application in resource-constrained primary schools in rural districts in Zimbabwe remains underexplored. There is a notable gap in literature that scrutinises the influence of instructional leadership behaviours of school heads on the instructional practices of primary school teachers in rural districts of Zimbabwe. Addressing this gap is crucial for providing significant insights into the influence of instructional leadership behaviours of school heads on teachers' instructional practices in primary schools in rural districts. This study therefore explores the influence of instructional leadership behaviours of school heads on teachers' instructional practices in primary schools within Muzarabani District. The study employs a qualitative research approach through a case study to collect data using semi structured interviews. The participants were primary school heads and teachers selected by means of purposive sampling from five primary schools in Muzarabani district. The findings reveal that school heads' instructional leadership behaviours, such as setting clear instructional goals, providing support and fostering a collaborative culture, significantly influence teachers’ adoption of innovative teaching strategies and practices. Despite these positive influences, barriers including limited resources, time constraints and inadequate professional development opportunities hinder the effectiveness of instructional leadership. The study concludes that school heads who prioritise the development and demonstration of instructional leadership behaviours in their schools can enhance the instructional practices of their teachers in the primary schools. This research contributes to the field of educational leadership by offering insights into the specific challenges and opportunities of instructional leadership in a rural context, providing actionable recommendations for enhancing leadership practices in similar settings</text>
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                <text>MALE CIRCUMCISION AND RISKY SEXUAL BEHAVIOR IN ZIMBABWE: EVIDENCE FROM&#13;
THE 2010-11 ZIMBABWE DEMOGRAPHIC AND HEALTH SURVEY&#13;
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                <text>STEPHEN MUTUNGWE&#13;
&#13;
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                <text> CULVER MVUMI&#13;
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                <text>SEKAI ANNASTASIA MANYIWO</text>
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                <text>In 2009, Zimbabwe adopted voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) as an additional method of HIV&#13;
prevention. The promotion of VMMC has raised a major concern that it might lead to an increase in high-risk&#13;
sexual behavior, a phenomenon known as risk compensation or behavioral disinhibition. This study sought to&#13;
test whether circumcised men in Zimbabwe are more likely to have engaged in risky sexual behavior. The&#13;
study used data collected from 7,480 men age 15-54 who were interviewed during the 2010-11 Zimbabwe&#13;
Demographic and Health Survey (ZDHS). Logistic regression was used to assess the association between&#13;
circumcision and risky sexual behaviors. The study found no statistically significant association between male&#13;
circumcision and risky sexual behavior. These results suggest a need to continue monitoring the relationships&#13;
between ongoing VMCC campaigns and men’s risky sexual behavior. Information dissemination on VMMC&#13;
should emphasize caution in messages promoting medical male circumcision to avoid giving the impression&#13;
that it provides immunity against HIV</text>
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                <text>African Population Studies</text>
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                <text>COMPARISON OF GROWTH AND YIELD ADAPTABILITY INDICATORS&#13;
OF TWO MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.) CULTIVARS UNDER PLANTING&#13;
BASIN TECHNIQUE IN ZIMBABWE&#13;
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                <text>STEPHEN MUTUNGWE&#13;
 </text>
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                <text>CULVER MVUMI&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>SEKAI ANNASTASIA MANYIWO</text>
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                <text>Vol. 16(1), pp. 51-57, 4 January 2017&#13;
DOI: 10.5897/AJB2015.15134&#13;
Article Number: 34843B162248&#13;
ISSN 1684-5315&#13;
Copyright © 2017&#13;
Author(s) retain the copyright of this article&#13;
http://www.academicjournals.org/AJB&#13;
African Journal of Biotechnology&#13;
Full Length Research Paper&#13;
Comparison of growth and yield adaptability indicators&#13;
of two maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars under planting&#13;
basin technique in Zimbabwe&#13;
Stephen Mutungwe1* Culver Mvumi1 and Sekai Annastasia Manyiwo2&#13;
1Zimbabwe Open University, Faculty of Agriculture, Stand No. 992 C Avenue, Mutare, Zimbabwe.&#13;
2Chinhoyi University of Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Science and Technology, Private Bag 7724, Zimbabwe.&#13;
Received 30 November, 2015; Accepted 27 October, 2016&#13;
In eastern semi-arid Zimbabwe, planting basins are mostly used to boost maize yields, but still low&#13;
yields are often obtained due to poor choices of varieties to grow . A comparative study of growth and&#13;
yield of the only two locally and commonly grown Pioneer cultivars (P2859W and PHB3253) under&#13;
planting basin technique (PBT) was carried out to determine a more adaptable cultivar in Guhune,&#13;
eastern Zimbabwe (NR IV). The study was done in 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 growing seasons. An&#13;
experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), with the two cultivars, each&#13;
replicated four times. Yield, leaf length and plant height were measured and averaged. Results showed&#13;
that PHB3253 had growth of 75.2 cm after measuring at 2 weeks interval for 10 weeks. Its growth was&#13;
significantly (p&lt;0.05) higher in terms of plant height than P2859W. Leaf length of P2859W was not&#13;
significantly (p&gt;0.05) greater than PHB3253. Grain yield of PHB3253 (35.1 kg) was significantly (p&lt;0.05)&#13;
greater than that of P2859W (26.6 kg). PHB 3253 is therefore more adaptable to semi-arid conditions&#13;
under basin technique as signified by its higher growth and yield than P2859W. It is therefore&#13;
recommended that farmers who use planting basins in semi-arid areas for growing short season maize&#13;
cultivars (P2859W and PHB3253) should opt for PHB3253 for better productivity.</text>
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                <text>African Journal of Biotechnology</text>
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                <text>2017</text>
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        <name>Adaptation</name>
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        <name>Early maturing cultivars</name>
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        <name>PHB3253 and P2859W performance</name>
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                <text>STUDENT INVOLVEMENT IN ENHANCING STUDENT, RETENTION,&#13;
PERSISTENCE AND SUCCESS IN OPEN AND DISTANCE LEARNING&#13;
AT ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY&#13;
</text>
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                <text>STEPHEN MWENJE &#13;
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                <text>RITTAH KASOWE&#13;
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                <text>The study sought to establish how student involvement could enhance student retention, persistence and&#13;
success in Open and Distance Learning at Zimbabwe Open University for it to become a world class&#13;
university. Open and Distance Learning (ODL) systems in Sub-Saharan Africa institutions are grappling with&#13;
fiscal challenges of low state funding and low student numbers against a background of increasing&#13;
proliferation. African ODL systems are pursuing world class visions to effectively determine and monitor&#13;
variables that affect student retention, persistence and success. With Open and Distance Learning, students&#13;
are now being considered as the largest stakeholders. Investing time and money in learning, Open and&#13;
Distance Learning institutions ought to orient partnerships to retain their students throughout the course of&#13;
their learning. This research sought to find out how student persistence and success in Open and Distance&#13;
Learning could be enhanced through customer feedback approaches at the Zimbabwe Open University. The&#13;
case study survey design was used to gather data from randomly selected forty final year students and ten&#13;
alumni members. The interview and the questionnaire were used as data collection instruments. The study&#13;
established that assignments contribute much to students’ persistence and success to learning, hence the&#13;
commenting need to be thorough. Tutorial sessions were found to be theoretically based and lacking&#13;
practical activities, and some concepts in modules were viewed difficult to be conceptualized by students.&#13;
Academic advisory services being given to students were enhancing learning; however, they lacked the&#13;
social aspects.</text>
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                <text>African Educational Research Journal</text>
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                <text>2013</text>
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        <name>student persistence</name>
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                <text>ENTREPRENEURSHIP CURRICULUM IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES IN&#13;
ZIMBABWEAN UNIVERSITIES&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>STEPHEN MWENJE</text>
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                <text>The thesis evaluated entrepreneurship curriculum implementation in Zimbabwean&#13;
universities. The thesis was prompted by shortfalls in capacitating students to create&#13;
entrepreneurial opportunities. The thesis was informed by the philosophy of pragmatism&#13;
and underpinned by theories of opportunity discovery and creation. Review of related&#13;
literature brought evidence on applicability of opportunity discovery and creation&#13;
theories. The study was a mixed method research that adopted a concurrent mixed&#13;
methods design. The population comprised of students and lecturers in 16 universities in&#13;
Zimbabwe. Two parallel samples were used. The quantitative sample was stratified and&#13;
random, with 94 lecturers and 235 students from all programmes, while the qualitative&#13;
sample was purposive, comprising lecturers and students from entrepreneurship degree&#13;
programmes. Questionnaires collected data for the quantitative inquiry while semi-&#13;
structured interviews and documentary reviews generated data for the qualitative inquiry.&#13;
Descriptive statistics presented and analysed quantitative data while thematic analysis&#13;
was used on qualitative data. Validity and reliability validated quantitative methods,&#13;
while trustworthiness validated qualitative methods. Triangulation synthesised theories&#13;
and methods while bracketing and member checking guided researcher’s values. Results&#13;
established limited incorporation of entrepreneurship curriculum into degree&#13;
programmes. Curriculum strategies were deficient in generating venture creation. The&#13;
study concluded that degree programmes fell short in capacitating students to search and&#13;
create entrepreneurial opportunities. The study proposed a model to incorporate&#13;
entrepreneurship curriculum into degree programmes. The study recommended that&#13;
university senates, deans and chairpersons develop action oriented entrepreneurship&#13;
curriculum. The study recommended research that consider university mandates.</text>
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