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                <text>Continuous Assessment (CA) has been introduced as part of the examination and assessment innovation in the&#13;
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                <text>Continuous Assessment (CA) has been introduced as part of the examination and assessment innovation in the&#13;
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assessment in order to improve the assessment and evaluation of pupils’ performance, and ultimately the whole&#13;
process of teaching, learning and assessment. This change has led to the introduction of standardised CA at&#13;
secondary level. The qualitative study was to analyse CA practises in secondary schools of Bulawayo&#13;
Metropolitan Province. The study specifically sought to find out the different assessment strategies and their&#13;
contribution to the pupils. The qualitative methodology and a case study method were employed. Qualitative data&#13;
was generated through the researcher as a data generating instrument, questionnaires, interviews, Focus Group&#13;
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                <text>PERCEPTIONS OF EDUCATORS ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF&#13;
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                <text>The importance of assessing learning outcomes using a variety of assessment strategies or techniques and&#13;
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recognised worldwide. This has led to major assessment policy changes in both developed and developing&#13;
countries. Continuous Assessment (CA) has been introduced as part of the examination and assessment innovation&#13;
in the Zimbabwean education system. CA is intended to be added onto the traditional assessment, that is,&#13;
summative assessment in order to improve the assessment and evaluation of pupils’ performance, and ultimately&#13;
the whole process of teaching, learning and assessment. Qualitative data was generated through the researcher as&#13;
a data generating instrument, questionnaires, interviews, Focus Group Discussion, documents analysis, and&#13;
observations. The generated data was analysed through Thematic Content Analysis. Results showed that the CA&#13;
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practical learning areas. Teachers do not possess the required competencies for the implementation of CA. It was&#13;
also observed that the tasks weighed the teachers down. Their greatest attention was on measuring cognitive&#13;
attainment rather than including the affective and psychomotor behaviours of the pupils. The study concludes that&#13;
the majority of the teachers in the secondary schools exhibited a high level of incompetence in the use of statistical&#13;
tools, a skill which is necessary for presenting the pupils’ performance in a neat and logical manner</text>
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                <text>PROFESSOR CANAAN SODINDO BANANA AND HIS BORDER-&#13;
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                <text>Professor Canaan Sodindo Banana (5 March 1936 – 10 November 2003) was a complex person with a complex historical context that began with his birth frommixed parentage. His father, a practitioner of Christianity and a herbalist, further influenced him to see no difference between African ancestors and Hebrew patriarchs. He became a cleric in the Zimbabwean Methodist Church from where he was exposed to the World Council of Churches (WCC) Programme to Combat Racism (PCR). In 1971, he resigned from the church after it voted against the PCR, which he felt was justified. Instead, in 1973, he travelled to the  United States, without a passport, probably to free himself from oppression.  When he returned to Zimbabwe and joined politics, to fill the gap created by the &#13;
arrest of nationalists, he was active in the United African National Congress (UANC), but frustrated by its moderate approach to the problem of racism, in  1976, he joined the radical Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU). In  1998, when he was accused of sodomy, probably to deter him from joining the opposition for his sharp disagreements with former President Robert Mugabe, he crossed the South African border with Botswana without a passport. This&#13;
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Traditional Religion, Western Christianity, and the rise of African&#13;
consciousness as well as the violence that emerged from the colonial powers in Banana’s life. This context shaped his character and personality, so much so that “what he became to us was a product of his historical context”. Banana defied the sense of security found in colonial borders, and his attempt to free himself from the constraints of hegemony were useful lessons for hid Kairos moments</text>
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                <text>CHANGING JOBS LIKE CHANGING CLOTHES: JOB HOPPING AMONG ZIMBABWEAN UNIVERSITY LECTURERS&#13;
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                <text>Job hopping has become prevalent amongst Zimbabwean university lecturers. The study seeks&#13;
to identify a solution to job hopping amongst academics. The investigation was aimed at&#13;
understanding causes, impact and solutions to job hopping of lecturers in the Zimbabwean&#13;
universities. The investigation employs qualitative methodologies and uses data saturation to&#13;
determine sample size. Poor remuneration, lack of resources, work pressure, red tape and lack&#13;
of career growth were found to be causes of job hopping amongst lecturers in Zimbabwean&#13;
universities. Brain drain, poor quality of graduates, increased workload, recruitment and&#13;
administration costs and unfilled posts were found to be negative impacts of job hopping of&#13;
lecturers in the Zimbabwean universities. Competitive remuneration, mentoring, decreasing&#13;
workload, flexible work arrangements, provision of resources, career growth and adoption of organic structures were found to be solutions to job hopping amongst lecturers in Zimbabwean&#13;
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                <text>CONSUMER WILLINGNESS TO PAY (WTP) FOR ORGANIC CABBAGE IN CHEGUTU, ZIMBABWE&#13;
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                <text>MANYERE SAVANHU H.&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>MAPFUMO ALEXANDER1, &#13;
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&#13;
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 &#13;
 &#13;
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                <text> MUBEREKWA JUSTICE</text>
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                <text>An assessment of consumer willingness to pay for ‘novel’ products is critical because it&#13;
determines the market entry point for a business venture. A research study was conducted&#13;
between July and September 2023 in Chegutu to analyse consumers’ willingness to pay for&#13;
organic cabbage with the conventional cabbage as the benchmark. Data from 200 respondents&#13;
was collected using a mall-intercept survey from the 4th of July to the 10th of September 2023&#13;
using convenience sampling. The study targeted consumers that are 18 years and above as the&#13;
primary grocery shoppers of their households. This paper represents the first attempt to analyse&#13;
the consumer willingness to pay for organic foods in Zimbabwe to the knowledge of the&#13;
researcher. The modern approach to consumer demand theory (The Attribute/Lancaster Model)&#13;
regards consumption as an activity with goods as inputs yielding output in terms of a pool of&#13;
attributes. Unlike the traditional economic demand theory, it is able to explain why some&#13;
consumers prefer highly priced organically produced foods to the cheaper conventionally&#13;
produced alternatives. A double-bounded contingent valuation approach was used to&#13;
determine the price premium while logistic regression was used to analyse the factors affecting&#13;
willingness to pay. An average price premium of 61% was established. Lifestyle and organic&#13;
source of information (agricultural fairs or exhibitions) were shown to negatively affect&#13;
willingness to pay. On the other hand, consumers who had high ethical values and were married&#13;
had a high probability of a willingness to pay for organic cabbage. In future, willingness to pay&#13;
should be measured through actual purchase of these credence foods at the point of sale</text>
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                <text>EFFECTIVENESS OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN ZIMBABWE&#13;
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                <text>The study analysed the effectiveness of the governance within the Zimbabwean commercial&#13;
banking sector. The study was based on the rationale that the Zimbabwean commercial banking&#13;
sector had witnessed a negative trend in terms of return on investment. The study adopted a&#13;
combination of exploratory and explanatory research designs and gathered data from 124&#13;
participants using questionnaires and interview guides. In terms of data analysis, the thematic&#13;
analysis, descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and random effects panel regression was&#13;
adopted with data for 12 banks for the period 2018-2020. The study revealed that effective&#13;
boards can be rated based on board composition, independence and level of skill diversity.&#13;
Most of the banks in Zimbabwe are using a formal two-tier structure, whereas other banks&#13;
which are private owned are using a one-tier structure and others adopted the mixed tier system.&#13;
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positively significantly influenced the Zimbabwean commercial banking sector.</text>
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                <text>EFFECTS OF THE OPEN DISTANCE ELECTRONIC LEARNING (ODEL) SYSTEM ON STUDENT SERVICE DELIVERY AT THE ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>Open and Distance electronic Learning (ODeL) has transformed itself to become virtual with&#13;
minimal or even no physical tutor-student contact as academics create learning platforms, mark&#13;
assignments and even supervise dissertations and theses online. The Zimbabwe Open&#13;
University (ZOU) has undergone a lot of transformation since becoming a fully pledged&#13;
university in 1999. ZOU started with class contact (face-to-face with tutor) and use of modules&#13;
but has made great strides towards full use of electronic learning (e-learning) in line with&#13;
contemporary global practices in ODeL. The study used the explanatory research design. A&#13;
questionnaire was used to collect quantitative data. The interview guide was used to collect&#13;
qualitative data. The study established that the majority of academics’ workload had increased&#13;
as the transition phase was taking longer than expected. A lot of administrative work, coupled&#13;
with inadequate training to effectively use the ZOU MyVista software learning platform,&#13;
pressure emanating from doctorate degree studies by most academics, the need to undertake&#13;
research and publish research papers as well as implementing a demanding quality assurance&#13;
system, all strained academics. On a positive note, the use of e-learning has expedited feedback&#13;
and communication to students, and it is also very convenient to them as they no longer have&#13;
to travel long distances or queue at regional campuses to see the regional programme&#13;
coordinators. The study recommended that more training on e-learning and availability of more&#13;
accessible infrastructure, namely computers and relevant software, would capacitate both&#13;
academics and students. There is also an urgent need to bring Part Time tutors on board, who&#13;
are the majority but currently left out of this e-learning drive, so that there is a strong learning&#13;
culture at ZOU for improved service delivery</text>
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                <text>A PROPOSED ECONOMIC MODEL ON THE NEXUS BETWEEN SOCIAL CAPITAL AND&#13;
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                <text>AMOS TENDAI MUNZARA</text>
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                <text> TAVONGA NJAYA</text>
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                <text>LIGHTON DUBE&#13;
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                <text> ZVINAIYE CHIMBADZWA</text>
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                <text> REGIS MISHEAL MUSHOWE</text>
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                <text>TARIRO GRACE MBARA-MSWAZI</text>
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                <text>SOCIAL MARKETING IN PROMOTING PRO-ENVIRONMENTAL BEHAVIOUR IN NOT-FOR-&#13;
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                <text> RUKUDZO ALYSON MAWERE</text>
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                <text>Environmental awareness has become an interesting area of study for organisations since they&#13;
all strive to contribute to the attainment of sustainable development goals. Social marketing is&#13;
one of the key strategies that is being harnessed by organisations to promote sustainable&#13;
consumption and encourage environmental conscious behaviour. This study focused on how&#13;
conventional churches in Zimbabwe leveraged on social marketing to enhance pro-&#13;
environmental behaviour among their congregates. The study adopted a qualitative research&#13;
approach and an exploratory research design in data collection through focus group discussions&#13;
and interviews. As the world becomes more aware of consumerism on the environment,&#13;
organisations were increasingly focusing on sustainability through promoting pro-&#13;
environmental behaviours among consumers. The findings showed that not–for-profit&#13;
organisations like churches were aware of environmental issues and the leaders were also&#13;
promoting the adoption of environmentally friendly behaviour. It was also found that the&#13;
leaders were using different communication channels to share information related to&#13;
environmental issues. However, some study participants indicated that the church had nothing&#13;
to do with the natural environment. It was recommended that the churches needed to partner&#13;
with other organisations and stakeholders for effective use of social marketing to promote&#13;
sustainable behaviour.</text>
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                <text>SMALLHOLDER FUNDING SCHEMES AND FARM PRODUCTIVITY IN RURAL MAKONDE&#13;
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                <text>The paper investigated the impact of small holder financing model on farm productivity in the&#13;
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capital theory and the Keynesian economics. The study adopted a post positivism philosophical&#13;
orientation in addressing the seemingly increasing funding gap. Data was collected from 150&#13;
small holder farmers dotted around Makonde district of Mashonaland west using stratified&#13;
sampling technique. The sample size was 200 as guided by the Yamane formula. The paper&#13;
utilised structural equation modelling using SPSS extension module AMOS (analysis of&#13;
moment structures). The structured questionnaire used to collect data comprised of close ended&#13;
items and was validated using discriminant validity as well as convergent validity. The results&#13;
showed that the mostly used funding model was bank credit in the form of micro credit loans,&#13;
rotating savings credit association among others, while contract farming and multilateral donor&#13;
schemes were rarely used. Smart joint venture schemes were least used. Results show that joint&#13;
venture schemes were positive related to farm productive and goes beyond funding to impart&#13;
key skills to farmers. Bank credit scheme was found to be negatively related with farm&#13;
performance. This was attributed to high transaction costs in lending institutions. Government&#13;
funding was found to be inefficient. It was recommended that to address the small holder&#13;
funding gap, resources should be channelled through the agriculture value chain, through&#13;
agribusiness as these were better placed understand the needs of farmers. Government should&#13;
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                <text>CONSUMER EPIPHANIES ON DIGITAL BANKING RESILIENCE IN DEVELOPING&#13;
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&#13;
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                <text>THE EFFICACY OF LEAN MANUFACTURING ON ORGANISATIONAL PERFORMANCE. A&#13;
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&#13;
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                <text>The impact of Lean Manufacturing (LM) on organisational performance is an ongoing&#13;
discussion globally. Zimbabwean companies have implemented LM tools for operational&#13;
performance across various industries. The Beverage industry has also been identified to be&#13;
focusing on initiatives such as developing products that are less expensive, sell better and faster&#13;
for it to remain competitive and reclaiming market shares, sales revenue and profitable in&#13;
today's global market. The primary goal of this study was to determine the efficacy and viability&#13;
of lean manufacturing processes at Zimbabwean Beverages production plants. The study used&#13;
a qualitative research methodology, which yielded in-depth, detailed and rich data from human&#13;
viewpoints and experiences resulting in a realistic understanding that was interpreted using the&#13;
participants' social and cultural context. A total of thirty participants were purposeful selected&#13;
based on their knowledge of the phenomenon under investigation. Physical face-to-face&#13;
interviews, Ms team interviews, and focus groups responded to semi-structured interviews in&#13;
data collection. Document analysis was used to collect data. The study found out that&#13;
Zimbabwean Companies have not fully adopted lean manufacturing because of scepticism&#13;
from management on the cost involved and the fear of losing jobs by the shop floor workers.&#13;
The study however unearthed that manufacturing companies would benefit from lean&#13;
manufacturing principles performance. Overwhelming evidence availed was that by&#13;
implementing lean tools such as JIT methods, the organizations would be able to cut waste,&#13;
reduce inventory holding costs and develop supplier relationships. TPM and VSM were found&#13;
to have the potential to improve productivity and quality. The study recommends that suitable&#13;
training programs should be designed to provide management with knowledge and skills to&#13;
apply the positive traits to incorporate the lean concept into the organizations. and through buy-&#13;
in from shop floor workforce increase company performance.</text>
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                <text>Artificial intelligence is influencing how businesses operate and how people live and work in&#13;
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operations or else face relegation. Since many businesses have survival as a common business&#13;
objective, they are highly likely to adopt AI so that they stay afloat and remain competitive.&#13;
The advent of emerging technologies on its own presents a new and dynamic business&#13;
landscape which is complex; there is a need to realign the traditional ethical frameworks and&#13;
ensure they are in sync with current technological trends. This study lays bare major ethical&#13;
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have sparked debate on the topic of emerging technology adoption, particularly AI and ethics.&#13;
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frameworks and business ethics. Recent incidences documented in literature are examined to&#13;
illustrate how businesses are navigating consequences of AI adoption. The role of regulators&#13;
and their influence in shaping legal frameworks is also examined. Results of this study showed&#13;
that there was a significant need of dynamic ethical guidelines that were readily responsive to&#13;
the unprecedented pace of technological changes and innovation. Management and those&#13;
charged with governance need to take a proactive role in designing and implementing dynamic&#13;
ethical frameworks. For instance, they could adopt strategies such as ethics auditing and the&#13;
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                <text>ROLE OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS IN ENHANCING TOURISM DEVELOPMENT&#13;
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GONAREZHOU NATIONAL PARK&#13;
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                <text>Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) have gained traction as innovative management strategies&#13;
for national parks globally, yet their role in Africa, particularly within Zimbabwe's Gonarezhou&#13;
National Park, remains underexplored. This study investigates the impact of PPPs on tourism&#13;
development and conservation efforts in Gonarezhou National Park. The study used a&#13;
qualitative methodology. The study conducted 20 in-depth interviews. The participants were&#13;
purposively selected. Thematic analysis was employed to evaluate generated data, revealing&#13;
significant findings. Results indicated that PPPs have substantially improved infrastructure,&#13;
financial support, and specialized skills within the park, leading to enhanced visitor experiences&#13;
and increased wildlife conservation effectiveness. Despite these advancements, challenges that&#13;
that continue to exist hinder the full realization of PPP benefits including economic instability,&#13;
insufficient stakeholder consultation, and conflicting management objectives.&#13;
Recommendations included fostering inclusive stakeholder engagement, addressing economic barriers, and developing adaptive management frameworks that align diverse conservation&#13;
goals</text>
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                <text>EVALUATING THE INFLUENCE OF ECONOMIC CONSTRAINTS ON THE IMPLEMENTATION&#13;
OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS IN ZIMBABWE: A CASE STUDY OF&#13;
HOTEL CHAINS IN HARARE&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>LLOYD CHINGWARO </text>
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                <text> PATIENCE MUTIZIRA</text>
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                <text>Despite the growing importance of sustainable practices in the tourism and hospitality sector,&#13;
the adoption of internationally recognized Environmental Management Systems (EMS)&#13;
remains notably low among hotels in the region. The purpose of this study was to investigate&#13;
the economic constraints affecting the implementation of EMS within hotel chains in Harare,&#13;
Zimbabwe. Through the use of a mixed-methods approach, qualitative content analysis was&#13;
performed on the websites of four predominant hotel chains, while quantitative data were&#13;
collected via a stratified random sampling technique involving 185 hotel employees using a&#13;
structured questionnaire. Findings indicated that none of the surveyed hotels hold international&#13;
EMS certificates, although local initiatives are implemented. Key economic challenges&#13;
identified included the high costs associated with eco-friendly technologies, economic&#13;
instability, and regulatory hurdles, which collectively impede the adoption of comprehensive&#13;
EMS practices. The analysis revealed a significant negative relationship between economic&#13;
constraints and EMS implementation, highlighting that operational challenges and economic&#13;
uncertainty are paramount barriers. Consequently, it was recommended that hotel operators&#13;
engaged in collaboration with policymakers and seek financial incentives to facilitate EMS&#13;
adoption. Further training programmes focused on enhancing sustainability knowledge are&#13;
essential to overcoming these constraints. This research contributes valuable insights to the&#13;
discourse on sustainable practices in Zimbabwe's hospitality industry, emphasizing the need&#13;
for strategic interventions to align economic viability with environmental stewardship</text>
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                <text>THE PERFORMANCE OF MARKETING AGENTS IN CHIBUKU INCLUSIVE VALUE CHAIN IN BEIRA, MOZAMBIQUE BY FERNANDO FERREIRA ALVES</text>
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                <text>FERNANDO FERREIRA ALVES</text>
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                <text>The study was aimed at building and driving actual and potential Chibuku beer marketing agents&#13;
towards an inclusive value chain, for performance and income improvement and lifting them from&#13;
low livelihoods. The purpose was to include the marketing agents in the market at more beneficial&#13;
terms, while supplying value for the lowest cost of the beverage. This was combined with an&#13;
improvement of business standards, conceived on the leadership of a formal brewer, for quality&#13;
and sustainability of production instead of the low value quality from small informal home opaque&#13;
beer producers. The objective was to link stakeholders to the agents and the collaboration and&#13;
linking them to the market. Besides discussing the challenges that the marketing agents faced in&#13;
the Chibuku value chain, the study also considered the importance of training for the performance&#13;
of the agents. The research design that guided the research problem comprised of transforming&#13;
qualitative arguments into variables to create quantitative data. The population for this research&#13;
was made up of Chibuku marketing agents, Cervejas de Moçambique (Mozambique Brewer)&#13;
management staff representatives and the Ministries of Trade, Labour and Finance officials. The&#13;
sampling technique was convenient for the agents, those that were available at the business centres&#13;
at the time of data collection were interviewed. The researcher used purposive sampling to access&#13;
participants with relevant knowledge and experience for the Cervejas de Moçambique (CDM) and&#13;
different Ministries. Findings from the study revealed that there was management support from&#13;
suppliers, Ministries of Labour, Finance and Trade to enhance the performance of marketing&#13;
agents’ in Chibuku inclusive value chain that was important for inclusion in the value chain, as&#13;
well as collaboration between marketing agents and supplier. This collaboration was significant as&#13;
it helped the agents to perform better and overcome challenges faced in the business. The&#13;
challenges were also minimized through management training. The study also found that&#13;
management training provided by the brewer to marketing agents helped them run the business&#13;
more efficiently and perform better in the Chibuku inclusive value chain. The major&#13;
recommendation was that management support should be delivered during training in the working&#13;
environment as an on-the-job training during the acquisition of abilities and knowledge needed to&#13;
work in the business setting</text>
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                <text>2024</text>
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        <name>Chibuku Beer</name>
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        <name>Inclusive Value Chain</name>
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        <name>Livelihood</name>
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        <name>Marketing Agents</name>
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        <name>Opaque Beer</name>
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        <name>value chain</name>
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                <text>UTILIZING FORENSIC ACCOUNTING TOOLS FOR ENHANCING FRAUD&#13;
PREVENTION AND DETECTION IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR: AN EXAMINATION OF ZIMBABWEAN LOCAL AUTHORITIES&#13;
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                <text>SILIBAZISO ZHOU (P009156A)</text>
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                <text>Fraud poses a significant challenge to the public sector in Zimbabwe, with severe consequences.&#13;
Local authorities are tasked with developing effective strategies to combat fraud. This study aimed&#13;
to investigate how the application of forensic accounting techniques can enhance fraud prevention&#13;
and detection within Zimbabwe's public sector, focusing on local authorities crucial for achieving&#13;
Zimbabwe’s Vision 2030. Operational objectives were outlined, and quantitative data was&#13;
collected. Drawing on pragmatism as the research philosophy, information was gathered from a&#13;
representative sample of 280 participants, including accountants, internal auditors, forensic&#13;
specialists, administrators, and law enforcement officials within local authorities. A structured 5-&#13;
point Likert questionnaire was employed, guided by the Reasoned Action theory. Through&#13;
Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), a Structural&#13;
Equation Modelling (SEM) approach assessed the impact of forensic accounting's fraud prevention&#13;
and detection techniques, alongside forensic accounting services, on actual fraud prevention and&#13;
detection mechanisms in urban local authorities. The results indicated that the use of forensic&#13;
accounting's fraud detection techniques had the most significant influence, followed by prevention&#13;
techniques and then forensic accounting services. The study concluded that local authorities&#13;
leveraging forensic accounting for detection and prevention are better equipped to unearth and&#13;
prevent fraudulent activities. Challenges were identified, including educational, political, and legal&#13;
obstacles hindering the effectiveness of forensic accounting. To address these issues, the study&#13;
recommends that local authorities prioritize the adoption of forensic accounting techniques as a&#13;
primary defense against fraud. It suggests enhanced training for External Auditors and internal&#13;
auditors in fraud investigation over traditional auditing methods. Additionally, it calls for&#13;
governmental reassessment of existing laws and regulations, emphasizing the urgent need for the&#13;
Forensic Accounting Act and whistle-blowing legislation. The study also proposes a forensic&#13;
accounting fraud detective tool tailored for local authority use.</text>
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                <text>ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY </text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>2024</text>
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        <name>Forensic accounting tools</name>
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        <name>Zimbabwe Local Authorities</name>
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                <text>EFFECTS OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE PRACTICES ON THE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF LISTED COMPANIES IN ZIMBABWE&#13;
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                <text>&#13;
ALEC JEMWA</text>
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                <text>The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of corporate governance practices on the&#13;
financial performance of companies that were listed on the Zimbabwe Stock Exchange (ZSE)&#13;
from 2014 to 2019. The major objectives of the study were to assess the overall corporate&#13;
governance rating of ZSE-listed companies and to examine the significance of corporate&#13;
governance practices on the financial performance of those listed companies. The researcher&#13;
chose companies listed on the ZSE as they play a pivotal role in the national economy and&#13;
their corporate governance is regulated by ZSE. The study adopted a positivism paradigm and&#13;
employed the quantitative approach. The quantitative approach is premised on gathering&#13;
scientific data through objective means which include experiments and surveys. Corporate&#13;
governance was measured using the Blau (1977) model whilst the firm performance was&#13;
measured using accounting ratios. Firm performance panel data was collected from the ZSE-&#13;
listed firms‟ annual financial reports that were available on their respective websites for the&#13;
period 2014 to 2019. Data were analysed using the PCSE regression analysis model. The&#13;
research established that most ZSE-listed companies surpassed the minimum corporate&#13;
governance practices set by ZSE. However, there was a high level of non-disclosure of some&#13;
information which should ordinarily be made available to stakeholders in the Annual reports.&#13;
The study also established that financial performance was sector related. Corporate&#13;
governance practices had a varying degree effect on certain accounting ratios, and some did&#13;
not have a significant correlation with other financial performance indicators. The study&#13;
concluded that some corporate governance practices are correlated to the entity‟s financial&#13;
performance and that corporate governance practices affect the company‟s financial&#13;
performance to a different extent. It is, therefore, recommended that people charged with&#13;
corporate governance should institute sound corporate governance practices to enhance&#13;
companies‟ financial performance. Sound corporate governance practices result in sustainable&#13;
good financial performance.&#13;
</text>
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                <text>Zimbabwe Open University</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>2024</text>
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        <name>Business administration</name>
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        <name>Corporate governance</name>
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        <name>public administration</name>
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                <text>CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF FINANCIAL MISMANAGEMENT IN MUDZI DISTRICT’S PRIMARY SCHOOLS</text>
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                <text>EVERSHINE NDONGWE</text>
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                <text>This study, ―Causes and Effects of Financial Mismanagement in Mudzi District‘s Primary&#13;
Schools.‖ is a doctoral thesis conducted in Mudzi District, Mashonaland East Province&#13;
between 2018 and 2022. The study's goal was to look at the issues that primary school heads&#13;
encounter in Zimbabwe's Mudzi rural area. To collect data, the exploratory sequential mixed&#13;
method study design was used. A random sample of 65 primary school heads provided&#13;
quantitative data, while a purposive sample provided qualitative data. The data were&#13;
augmented and triangulated with interview data conducted with 20 of the school heads and&#13;
document analysis carried out at 20 of the schools. Research data were analysed using SPSS&#13;
IBM software for quantitative data and NVIVO and thematic analysis for qualitative data.&#13;
The study's principal conclusions were that financial mismanagement in Zimbabwean&#13;
primary schools was caused by the absence of most of the papers that comprised the legal&#13;
framework directing school financial management. As a result, most school heads lacked the&#13;
legal and accounting knowledge to correctly interpret and implement some of the financial&#13;
management and accounting principles Most Primary school heads doubled as school bursars&#13;
or book keepers because their schools could not afford to hire a qualified bursar or&#13;
bookkeeper. As a result, school heads were overwhelmed with work and this negatively&#13;
impacted on their effectiveness as school financial managers. Most school leaders' capacity to&#13;
successfully manage school money was hampered by a lack of accounting knowledge and&#13;
abilities. Lack of regular supervision and auditing by the Ministry of Education resulted in&#13;
some school heads making unchecked errors, oversights and short cuts in adhering to&#13;
financial management processes and procedures. The following conclusion were drawn from&#13;
the findings. The majority of incidents of financial mismanagement in Zimbabwean primary&#13;
schools were caused by the absence of important papers that comprised the legal framework&#13;
governing school financial management. As a result, some school heads worked outside of&#13;
the policies that guided them. The majority of reported financial mismanagement incidents in&#13;
Zimbabwean schools are the result of school leaders' lack of financial management&#13;
knowledge and abilities. Heads of schools without bursars or bookkeepers are overburdened&#13;
and prone to financial management blunders. The Ministry of Education's lack of monitoring&#13;
and financial audits creates a climate in which acts of financial mismanagement take a long&#13;
time to uncover and address. The following recommendations are made; All the legal and&#13;
financial documents comprising the legal framework guiding financial management in&#13;
Zimbabwean schools should be compiled into a handbook that should be kept at every&#13;
school. School heads should be trained and capacitated in the processes and procedures of&#13;
school financial management. All schools should have a bursar or bookkeeper qualified and&#13;
experienced to keep books of accounts at the school. Use of financial computer packages&#13;
should be incorporated in public primary schools. The Ministry of Primary and Secondary&#13;
Education should make regular checks and audits to ensure the correct application of&#13;
financial management policies, processes and procedures.</text>
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                <text>Zimbabwe Open University</text>
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                <text>2024</text>
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        <name>Educational management</name>
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                <text>DE GRUCHY AND HIS HOLISTIC MODEL OF THEOLOGY AND DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA AND BEYOND</text>
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                <text>GIFT MASENGWE</text>
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                <text>This study reflects on Steve de Gruchy’s holistic model of theology and development (T&amp;D),&#13;
emphasising his commitment to justice, human dignity and social transformation in the&#13;
context of post-apartheid South Africa. De Gruchy was a notable South African theologian&#13;
whose scholarship significantly influenced development theory, public theology and social&#13;
ethics. This article is presented in response to the commemoration of 50 years of scholarship at&#13;
the Research Institute of Theology and Religion at the University of South Africa, and the&#13;
question is: How does De Gruchy’s holistic model of T&amp;D inform our understanding of socio-&#13;
ecological, political and economic challenges in South Africa, and what implications does it&#13;
have for development practices both locally and globally? This study employs an&#13;
interdisciplinary approach, integrating theological analysis with development theory, drawing&#13;
from De Gruchy’s works and contextual examples. It examines the historical injustices in&#13;
South Africa, critiques neoliberal economic paradigms and emphasises participatory&#13;
frameworks for social change. Findings reveal that De Gruchy advocates for T&amp;D that&#13;
transcends economic metrics, highlighting ecological, social and spiritual dimensions. His&#13;
emphasis on integrated approaches, such as the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework, illustrates&#13;
the necessity of empowering marginalised communities. The role of faith communities&#13;
as catalysts for social change underscores the potential for constructive engagement between&#13;
secular and religious sectors. This study is significant as it reiterates the relevance of De&#13;
Gruchy’s insights in addressing ongoing development challenges, advocating for a&#13;
reconceptualisation of T&amp;D that intertwines theory and praxis, promoting collaborative&#13;
solutions in the African context and beyond</text>
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                <text>AOSIS</text>
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        <name>community empowerment.</name>
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        <name>ethical engagement</name>
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        <name>faith communities</name>
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        <name>freedom</name>
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        <name>human dignity</name>
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        <name>neoliberalism</name>
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        <name>participatory development</name>
      </tag>
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        <name>social justice</name>
      </tag>
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        <name>Steve de Gruchy</name>
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        <name>sustainable livelihoods</name>
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                <text>CHARACTERIZATION OF URBAN PRODUCTION OF ROADRUNNER (INDIGENOUS) CHICKEN IN HARARE, ZIMBABWE&#13;
</text>
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                <text>PRIDE HODZI</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2514">
                <text> TAKUDZWA CHARAMBIRA </text>
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                <text>TAKUDZWA MAFIGU </text>
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                <text> BLESSED MASUNDA</text>
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                <text>RUMBIDZAI NHARA</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>In many developing countries, Roadrunner (Indigenous) chicken production in urban areas offers multifaceted opportuni-&#13;
ties. However,Plea this local enterprise also has some potential hazards and constraints. The research aimed to characterize&#13;
Roadrunner chicken production in Harare. A descriptive survey was conducted whereby 107 respondents were identified&#13;
using a multistage sampling approach and were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire. Respondents comprised&#13;
52% men and 48% women. Roadrunner chickens were kept either for sale only (58%) or both household consumption and&#13;
sale (42%). All the respondents (100%) were not registered as poultry producers. The Roadrunner chicken breeds kept were&#13;
the Boschveld (41%), Koekoek (21%), Autralorp (20%) and non-discrete native strains. The average flock size was 125,&#13;
ranging from 25 to 715 birds and the average stocking density was 7 birds/m 2 . Only 8% of respondents practiced the free&#13;
range system with supplementation and the rest (92%) provided feed to the chickens. Sixty-two percent (62%) of the farmers&#13;
vaccinated their chickens against common poultry diseases. The average mortality rate was 7%, being caused by diseases&#13;
(99%) and unknown (1%). Bio-security was achieved through cleaning, disinfection and restricted entry. The most preffered&#13;
age at sale was 18–24 weeks. An informal market system was mainly used (95%) and the average selling price per bird was&#13;
$8 (ranging from $6—$11). The most commonly reported challenges were unreliable customers, lack of capital, few markets,&#13;
theft, and insufficient feeds. Adressing these challenges could improve urban production of roadrunner chickens and have a&#13;
positive impact on Zimbabwe Poultry Industry.</text>
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                <text>Tropical Animal Health and Production</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2520">
                <text>2025</text>
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        <name>Indigenous chicken</name>
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        <name>Production systems</name>
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                <text>MILK PRODUCTION AND VIABILITY OF THE VARIOUS SMALLHOLDER DAIRYING MODELS USED IN ZIMBABWE&#13;
</text>
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                <text>TAKUDZWA MAFIGU&#13;
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                <text>BLESSED MASUNDA</text>
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                <text>An evaluation of milk yield, dairy products and viability of the smallholder dairy production models used in Zimbabwe&#13;
was carried out. We used secondary data on 1167 smallholder dairy farmers. These were categorised into commercial&#13;
dairying (119), Milk collection centre (MCC) bulking and processing (145), MCC bulking and delivering to processor&#13;
(87), farm gate (468) and other (348) models. Data were analysed using SPSS version 25.0. The average daily milk yield&#13;
per cows was highest in the Commercial dairying model (9.20 ± 0.4 l) but was not significantly different from the MCC&#13;
bulking and processing and MCC bulking and delivering to processor models. Average lactation milk yield per cow was&#13;
highest (P &lt; 0.05) in the commercial dairying model (2804.91 ± 133.9 l) and was significantly different from the rest of&#13;
the models. The processed milk products identified in the study were fermented milk, pasteurised milk and unspecified&#13;
products but production volumes were very low in the respective models. There were no differences (P &gt; 0.05) in gross&#13;
margin across all the smallholder dairying models. The commercial dairying model surpassed all models on proportion&#13;
of pure exotic dairy breeds, number of milking cows, milk yield. However, it was discovered that all models were under-&#13;
performing but smallholder dairy farmers can be recommended to adopt the commercial dairying model if measures to&#13;
improve milk yield per cow and reduce milk production costs are established.</text>
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                <text>2024)</text>
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        <name>Milk production model</name>
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        <name>Profitability</name>
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        <name>Smallholder dairyin</name>
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