<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<itemContainer xmlns="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5 http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5/omeka-xml-5-0.xsd" uri="https://ir.zou.ac.zw/items/browse?output=omeka-xml&amp;page=16&amp;sort_field=Dublin+Core%2CCreator" accessDate="2026-05-04T01:17:41+02:00">
  <miscellaneousContainer>
    <pagination>
      <pageNumber>16</pageNumber>
      <perPage>25</perPage>
      <totalResults>486</totalResults>
    </pagination>
  </miscellaneousContainer>
  <item itemId="136" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="135">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/ad877708575e18a1cfa3ac908726b133.pdf</src>
        <authentication>e6b30227cbd9ebed640e765d01f13606</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="59">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="69">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="884">
                <text>AN ANALYSIS OF ORGANISATIONAL FACTORS RELATED TO AFFECTIVE ORGANISATIONAL COMMITMENT OF SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS IN MASHONALAND CENTRAL PROVINCE OF ZIMBABWE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="885">
                <text>RITTA KASOWE </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="886">
                <text>Performance of secondary school pupils accelerated in a declining manner since 1984 to date.&#13;
Although much has been done to improve conditions of the teacher since the teachers are at the&#13;
helm of students learning, students’ performance has continued to decline. Despite training&#13;
obtained from teachers colleges, what is contributing to their effectiveness has not been well&#13;
researched. Affective organisational commitment of secondary school teachers in Zimbabwe&#13;
still remain an inadequately researched area. Whereas teachers could be motivated by&#13;
employers, the gendered outcomes of their commitment to the organisation especially on their&#13;
affective commitment has not been adequately investigated. The primary purpose of the study&#13;
was to make a critical analysis of variables and factors contributing to affective organisational&#13;
commitment using Stufflebeam (2007)’s Context Input Process and Product decision&#13;
facilitation model of evaluation approach. The approach specified the imbalances in each phase&#13;
of evaluation focusing on, organisational factors, how each factor contributed to affective&#13;
organisational commitment of secondary school teachers. The study used statistical tests of&#13;
multiple regression analysis and step wise regression analysis on quantitative survey data&#13;
obtained from Affective organisational commitment. The quantitative data were gathered using&#13;
two seven point Likert scales ranging from strongly agree to strongly disagree. A statistical&#13;
program SPSS was used to investigate the relationships among variables in the research model.&#13;
Regardless of the types of dependent or independent variables, linear multiple step wise&#13;
regression analyses were performed in order to find out the significance of the variables. This&#13;
was supplemented by qualitative data gathered and addressing organisational factors. The&#13;
qualitative data were collected using semi structured face to face interviews and focus group&#13;
discussions in order to triangulate the evidence obtained from quantitative data. The qualitative&#13;
data were analysed using NVIVO to come up with themes. Thus this study used a mixed&#13;
methodology approach. The study established that factors such as; occupational status,&#13;
management worker relationship, recognition, variety in the profession, opportunity to use&#13;
ability and subject specialisation, were strong determinants of affective organisational&#13;
commitment related to secondary teachers’ affective organisational commitment and impacting&#13;
negatively on pupils’ and schools’ performance. The study recommended that Educational&#13;
planners must involve teachers in policy decision making at all levels, provide support and staff&#13;
development workshops. Future researchers might wish to expand on studies that indicate a&#13;
connection between factors established and the degree of pupils’ performance.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="887">
                <text>IJRDO-Journal of Educational Research</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="888">
                <text>2017</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="401">
        <name>Affective organisational commitment</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="400">
        <name>Factors</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="399">
        <name>Organisational commitment</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="398">
        <name>Organisational commitment; Factors; Affective organisational commitment</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="1" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="1">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/b7d004e2a9a59cfd7f1c5f3f538e543d.pdf</src>
        <authentication>e4d74eea9348530db8472161f8f60e62</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="4">
                <text>In Zimbabwean secondary schools, performance of school pupils accelerated in a declining manner since 1984 to date. Although	 much	 has been done to improve conditions of the teacher since the teachers	 are	 at	 the helm of students	 learning, students’ performance has	 continued	 to	 decline. Despite training obtained from teachers colleges,	 what is contributing to their	effectiveness has	 not been well	researched.	 Affective organisational commitment of secondary school teachers in Zimbabwe still remain an inadequately	researched area.	Prior research	has indicated	that teaching	 efficacy determine teacher performance.	 Whereas teachers could be motivated by employers, the gendered	 outcomes	 of	 their teaching efficacy to their performance and level of	affective commitment in Zimbabwean secondary	schools has not been	 adequately investigated.	 The primary purpose of the study	was to	make	 a critical analysis of teaching efficacy factors influencing secondary	 school	teachers’ affective organisational commitment in	Zimbabwe.	 Stufflebeam(1971)’s	Context Input Process and Product decision	 facilitation model of evaluation approach was used to	analyse the factors. The approach specified	the imbalances in	each phase of	evaluation focusing on teaching	 efficacy factors and how they contributed to affective organisational commitment of secondary	 school	 teachers.	 The	 study	 used	 qualitative	&#13;
data	 gathering	 methods	 to	 generate	 data	 from	 26	 participants	 purposively sampled.	The sample included 12teachers,3Heads of	 departments, 2 Deputy heads, 4 School heads, 4 Provincial Education	 inspectors, and 1	Deputy Provincial Education Director using Semi	structured face to face interviews and focus group discussions were	used as data gathering instruments in order to triangulate the evidence	 obtained.	 Generated data was	analysed using NVivo to come up with	 three	 themes. The study established that  factors such as professionalism,	 teacher competence, age, teaching	 experience,	recognition, staffing of teachers, subject specialisation, centrality	of	passion within the teacher and lack	 of ownership of educational	 policies determine teacher efficacy	of secondary school teachers and their level of affective organisational commitment hence impacting	 negatively	 on pupils’	 and schools’ performance. The study recommended that Educational planners need to stay	abreast of the	formal	and informal	 impulse of	 teacher commitment by	providing support, constant	 supervision, staffing of teachers, staff development workshops,	 chat	 platforms	 and continual refocusing of	 selection	 and	 recruitment policies in teachers’ colleges. Future researchers might	wish	to	expand this study	to Private	schools to	determine whether results	presented	here reflect the general situation in	all	schools, since	this	study was conducted in schools owned by Public Service Commission	only.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="5">
                <text>Rittah	Kasowe</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="268">
                <text>Prof	Ignatius	I.	Dambudzo</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6">
                <text>ZOU</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="7">
                <text>2014</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="9">
                <text>Zimbabwe Open University</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="10">
                <text>Pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="11">
                <text>Management</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="12">
                <text>AN STUDY ON HOW TEACHING EFFICACY IS INFLUENCING AFFECTIVE ORGANISATIONAL COMMITMENT OF SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS IN MASHONALAND CENTRAL PROVINCE OF ZIMBABWE.&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="73" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="72">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/4ec56e8cdca420372b29a2d2ee5a928f.pdf</src>
        <authentication>98fbe49a6130a46c8b91f4c7a86bee69</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="60">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="70">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="525">
                <text>ENHANCING QUALITY OF UNIVERSITY E-LEARNING PROCESSES:&#13;
STAKEHOLDER PARTICIPATION IN A BLENDED LEARNING&#13;
ENVIRONMENT AT THE ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY (ZOU)&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="526">
                <text>RITTAH KASOWE &#13;
&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="527">
                <text>STEPHEN MWENJE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="528">
                <text>Increasing competition from transnational Universities has forced many Universities in Africa to provide (ODL)&#13;
through -learning technologies. In many cases E-learning is provided in partnerships with external providers or&#13;
exclusively as foreign online programmes. Such E-learning provisions are not indigenous to receiving students&#13;
as they are transplants from the source countries. However, universities in Africa have to become competitive&#13;
by improving the quality of their programmes through blending traditional systems with e -learning. Quality&#13;
enhancement of technology based teaching systems is a challenge especially to universities in the Sub-&#13;
Saharan Africa seeking to add E-learning to their traditional systems to attract and retain students. This study&#13;
seeks to explore stakeholder participation strategies that can be utilized to enhance the quality of blended&#13;
learning services at the Zimbabwe Open University (ZOU). A case study methodology was used to gather data&#13;
from a randomly selected ZOU Students and tutors from the University’s two of the ten regions. Questionnaires&#13;
and interviews were used as main data collection instruments. The findings of this study shall contribute to&#13;
theory and practice of university e-learning and quality enhancement</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="529">
                <text>Prime Research on Education (PRE)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="530">
                <text>2013</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="82">
        <name>e-learning</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="227">
        <name>quality enhancement</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="228">
        <name>Zimbabwe Open University (ZOU)</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="71" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="70">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/53f4454ffbc0bbc8b0331d852f88f8e3.pdf</src>
        <authentication>42a7b2d97f0fb9505b201d801616d78e</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="60">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="70">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="513">
                <text>ZIMBABWEAN INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS (ZIK)&#13;
- IMPLICATIONS FOR THE CURRICULUM &#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="514">
                <text>RITTAH KASOWE </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="515">
                <text>ANYWAY KATANHA</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="516">
                <text>First part of the paper, examined conceptual issues associated with Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IK),&#13;
including the nature of the intersection between Science and IK. We reflected on methodological pluralism, and&#13;
knowledge production. Intellectual property rights and empowerment are examined. We then explored the&#13;
multiple linkages between IK and the curriculum, in terms of needs, goals, teaching strategies and instructional&#13;
resources. We reflect on anticipated outcomes and methods of evaluation. We also discussed the role of the&#13;
library media center, and the library consultant, in curriculum planning with respect to IK. Our emphasis was on&#13;
those components of IK which describe, explain, predict and try to negotiate nature. Firstly we explore some&#13;
curriculum models and approaches relevant to our discourse, and various dimensions of teaching, learning and&#13;
researching Zimbabwe Indigenous Knowledge (ZIK), through the use of 'oral traditions' and other&#13;
methodologies. Secondly we provided specific instructional guidelines on African Traditional Medicine,&#13;
Mathematics and Food Processing, Selected readings and multimedia resources are identified along with&#13;
current instructional and research challenges. We specified whether ZIK, has specific implications for&#13;
democratization, community empowerment, nation building, sustainable development, capacity building and&#13;
intellectual development in Zimbabwe and Africa as a whole, in the 21st century.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517">
                <text>Prime Research on Education (PRE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="518">
                <text>2013</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="223">
        <name>Indigenous Knowledge</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="225">
        <name>science</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="224">
        <name>system</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="13">
        <name>Zimbabwe Prisons</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="72" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="71">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/8a067481f312db1410efc1f7764c0eaa.pdf</src>
        <authentication>0c386f996772e1b340b17c1730fc1113</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="60">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="70">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="519">
                <text>INTEGRATING ON-LINE LEARNING INTO TRADITIONAL OPEN AND&#13;
DISTANCE LEARNING (ODL) PROGRAMMES: CHALLENGES AND&#13;
PEDAGOGICAL IMPLICATIONS IN SUB SAHARAN UNIVERSITIES&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="520">
                <text>RITTAH KASOWE </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="521">
                <text>STEPHEN MWENJE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="522">
                <text>Information and Communication Technology (ICT) development has helped Open and Distance&#13;
Learning (ODL) universities world wide reach out to many global students through on line programmes.&#13;
Many ODL institutions in developed countries have registered success in their on-line programmes. In&#13;
Africa integrating on line learning into existing traditional programmes has legged behind. It is&#13;
therefore critical to find out how best on- line programmes can be effectively integrated into existing&#13;
traditional programmes. It is also critical to identify ways not to affect the integrity of successful&#13;
programmes currently being offered through traditional modes. This paper seeks to investigate the&#13;
views of stratified randomly selected students; tutors’ and former students on how best to implement&#13;
on-line learning into traditional ODL programmes at the Zimbabwe Open University (ZOU) Data will be&#13;
gathered through interviews and questionnaires. The findings of this study shall provide answers to the&#13;
challenges emanating from staffs and students’ ICT skills</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="523">
                <text>Global Advanced Research Journal of Educational Research and Review </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="524">
                <text>2013</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="82">
        <name>e-learning</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="226">
        <name>online learning</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="74" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="73">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/a1af52eae7c09c31cd727c008bc1d8f2.pdf</src>
        <authentication>bdbaaceb9b3e2a1a27ee45eb5d2a4c28</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="60">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="70">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="531">
                <text>BUILDING SUSTAINABLE EDUCATION FUTURES FOR THE SOUTHERN AFRICAN SUB-CONTINENT</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="532">
                <text>RITTAH KASOWE </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="533">
                <text>An assessment of effects of gender on affective organizational commitment of teachers in Zimbabwe.&#13;
In Zimbabwe there has been an outcry on poor performance of students at all levels. It has been noted&#13;
that yearly students’ O level percentage pass rate has declined up to 19.5 % in 2011 to 18.4% in&#13;
2012. This has raised concern amongst the stakeholders. Previously low performance has been&#13;
attributed to inadequacy of resources and poor remuneration. In 2009 the Ministry of Education Art&#13;
Sports and Culture introduced incentives to lure the teachers so that they help the majority of&#13;
people in the country until the employer had adequate funds to cushion teachers’ salaries. In 2010 -&#13;
2011 primary schools were given books and sports kits by the UNICEF under the ETF programme&#13;
and secondary schools in 2012. However this has not made a positive impact on pupil performance.&#13;
Most of the blame has been put on teachers’ affective commitment to their work. Considering that the&#13;
majority of teachers are females, the main question is whether gender is related to affective&#13;
organizational commitment of teachers’ performance in Zimbabwe? Employee affective commitment&#13;
is important because high levels of it leads to several favorable organizational outcomes. This is a&#13;
descriptive survey where data will be collected from stratified random sampled teachers using qu&#13;
estionnaires and interviews</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="534">
                <text>International Journal of Current Research&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="535">
                <text>2013</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="230">
        <name>Affective organizational commitment gender.</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="229">
        <name>Organizational commitment</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="76" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="75">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/1e21c8236518e009bb1e8b59508593c0.pdf</src>
        <authentication>d4ffee8c1db7dd2844bfbf6f87500b9b</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="60">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="70">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="542">
                <text>OBSTACLES TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE HIV/AIDS CURRICULUM IN&#13;
GURUVE DISTRICT SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN ZIMBABWE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="543">
                <text>RITTAH KASOWE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="544">
                <text>The aim of this present study was to investigate constraints faced by secondary school teachers&#13;
in the teaching and learning of HIV/AIDS education in Guruve District in Mashonaland Province&#13;
of Zimbabwe. Specifically, it focused on HIV/AIDS content, evaluation of the subject, teacher&#13;
qualifications, availability of resources, methodology as well as syllabus interpretation. The&#13;
quantitative methodology was used and the descriptive survey design employed. The population&#13;
consisted of all the 840 secondary school teachers in the district. Random sampling was used to&#13;
select the 200 respondents. Data were collected using a questionnaire. The study revealed that&#13;
teachers were finding it very difficult to discuss sex related issues with children. The study also&#13;
revealed that teachers lacked the knowledge and confidence to teach HIV/AIDS education. The&#13;
study recommends that teachers should be given proper training in the teaching of HIV/AIDS&#13;
education. There is also need for teachers to be provided with relevant and adequate resources to&#13;
effectively guide pupils on this subject</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="545">
                <text>IJRDO-Journal of Educational Research</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="546">
                <text>2017</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="235">
        <name>Constraints</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="237">
        <name>HIV/AIDS education teaching</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="52">
        <name>Learning</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="236">
        <name>secondary school teachers</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="139" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="138">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/40dfeae04e0ee3007b961630b03b926a.pdf</src>
        <authentication>e329fbe9e4f3a7e0937edf1350297c2c</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="60">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="70">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="901">
                <text>PARENTS’ ROLE TOWARDS IMPROVING THE PERFORMANCE OF THEIR CHILDREN IN SCHOOL WORK: A CASE STUDY OF BINDURA PRIMARY&#13;
SCHOOLS&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="902">
                <text>RITTAH KASOWE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="903">
                <text>The purpose of this present study was to investigate the role played by parents in improving the&#13;
performance of their children in school work in Bindura primary schools in Zimbabwe using the&#13;
quantitative research methodology. The population consisted of all heads, SDC/SDA members&#13;
and teachers in the thirty schools in Bindura. Random sampling was used to arrive at a sample&#13;
of ninety six (96) respondents made up of six (6) heads of schools, seventy two (72) teachers and&#13;
eighteen (18) members of School Development Committees or Associations (SDCs/SDAs). The&#13;
questionnaire and interview were used for data collection. The study revealed that there are&#13;
many barriers to effective parental involvement in school activities such as lack of education by&#13;
parents. The study recommends that heads of schools should always involve parents before&#13;
making decisions that require the inputs from the parents. There should also be staff&#13;
development workshops for teachers and parents where parental involvement in the education of&#13;
their children would be the main topic.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="904">
                <text>IJRDO-Journal of Educational Research</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="905">
                <text>2017</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="410">
        <name>Investigation</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="412">
        <name>parents</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="413">
        <name>performance</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="415">
        <name>primary schools</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="411">
        <name>role played</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="414">
        <name>school work</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="152" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="151">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/8c3eed5cddda593cdf3cf35a1a5f0947.pdf</src>
        <authentication>549f83d87f9453f791ad04596611733d</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="60">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="70">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="971">
                <text>POOR PERFORMANCE OF PUPILS IN MATHEMATICS AT GRADE SEVEN EXAMINATIONS IN&#13;
FARM SCHOOLS IN MREWA DISTRICT OF ZIMBABWE&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="972">
                <text>RITTAH KASOWE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="973">
                <text>This present study‟s main focus was to analyse the causes of poor performance of pupils in Mathematics at&#13;
Grade Seven examinations in farm schools in Mrewa District of Zimbabwe. The research used the quantitative research&#13;
methodology and adopted the descriptive survey design. The target population included all primary schools in Mrewa&#13;
District in Matabeleland Province in Zimbabwe. Random sampling was used to arrive at a sample of 200 respondents&#13;
made up of 117 females and 83 males. All the information was collected through a questionnaire. The study revealed&#13;
that there was a serious shortage of human, material, financial and in fractural resources that negatively impacted on&#13;
pupils‟ performance in the Grade Seven Mathematics examinations. There was also a very high teacher turn-over due to&#13;
the poor working conditions as well as political volatility in the environment. The study recommends that teachers&#13;
should not be allowed to transfer during the course of the year to allow for continuity and stability in the teacher&#13;
establishment.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="974">
                <text>Scholars Journal of Economics, Business and Management</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="975">
                <text>2017</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="453">
        <name>and district</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="448">
        <name>Causes</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="452">
        <name>farm schools</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="451">
        <name>grade seven examinations</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="449">
        <name>poor performance</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="450">
        <name>pupils</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="189" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="190">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/b5c79a1f4b6ad61a9b8fe3e5094c8deb.pdf</src>
        <authentication>a673d7a9b2befb206197c68f8c178e0c</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="59">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="69">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1188">
                <text>ROLE OF MENTORS IN THE PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF&#13;
STUDENT TEACHERS&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1189">
                <text>RITTAH KASOWE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1190">
                <text>The study investigated the extent to which teachers enhance the professional development of student teachers.&#13;
The purpose was to find ways of eradicating or covering the gap that existed between college lecturers and&#13;
school mentors as far as school based initial training is concerned. The study employed the descriptive survey&#13;
method, documents and interviews were used as research instruments. The population of the study was twenty&#13;
respondents 10 mentors and 10 student teachers who had just began their second year teaching practice. The&#13;
sample was chosen using purposive sampling. School administrators and senior teachers monitored the&#13;
recording of the diaries. This ensured a 100% data recording. It was found that mentors demonstrated a limited&#13;
understanding of the concept of mentoring and viewed colleges as better placed to help student teachers in&#13;
their professional development. There were no clear guidelines to be followed by mentors hence student&#13;
teachers received limited assistance, support and guidance from mentors. The study recommended further&#13;
research at macro level to find out the extent mentors were enhancing the professional development of student&#13;
teachers and the implications of school based initial teacher education in Zimbabwean education system</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1191">
                <text>Prime Research on Education (PRE)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1192">
                <text>2013</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="361">
        <name>mentor</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="360">
        <name>mentoring</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="580">
        <name>profession</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="579">
        <name>Professional development</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="581">
        <name>Student teacher</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="206" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="210">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/ec99b0c4e4bdae7468298d0604beee02.pdf</src>
        <authentication>0ba17c524b0b1a3352b13fe216286791</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="71">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="81">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1286">
                <text>SOURCES AND CAUSES OF CONFLICT THAT EXIST BETWEEN LOCALS AND&#13;
REGULATORY BOARDS ON BIO-DIVERSITY MANAGEMENT:&#13;
A CASE FOR BINDURA RURAL/URBAN DWELLERS AND THE FORESTRY&#13;
COMMISSION&#13;
&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1287">
                <text>RITTAH KASOWE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1288">
                <text>The study sought to establish sources and causes of conflict that exist between locals and regulatory boards on&#13;
bio-diversity management in Bindura rural/urban dwellers and the Forestry Commission. According to&#13;
Zimbabwean laws, community is the owner of environment hence they have to control it .The society seem to&#13;
be economically and socially forced by the situation to destroy their environment for example the erratic power&#13;
cuts in urban set up force urban residence to depend on natural energy that is firewood for their domestic use.&#13;
The community however continues to compete in the cutting of trees expediting the destruction of the&#13;
environment. The forestry commission preserves the environment by stipulating measures against the&#13;
destruction of forests. (Forestry Commission Act). This however is a source of conflict since the community&#13;
claims it owns the forests and should depend on it whilst the forestry commission’s legislative board guards&#13;
against the destruction of the environment. The significance of the study was to come up with solutions of&#13;
reducing deforestation and preserving the environment without causing conflict amongst regulatory boards and&#13;
the community. The study was a descriptive survey which sought to establish views and perceptions of&#13;
randomly selected concerned parties in the bio-diversity management and preservation. The main questions&#13;
raised in this scenario were, was the community aware of their rights pertaining to cutting of trees in the forests?&#13;
How best could the Forestry Commission Act be incorporated so as to inform the community? How can the&#13;
conflict that do exist between the Forestry commission and the community be resolved</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1289">
                <text>Journal of Emerging Trends in Economics and Management Sciences (JETEMS)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1290">
                <text>2013</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="614">
        <name>Bindura dwelle</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="613">
        <name>deforestation</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="612">
        <name>environment</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="611">
        <name>orestry commission</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="294" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="298">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/58d80088c77a3cae58efaf2de22494cf.pdf</src>
        <authentication>a97d98152abe69668ec9e30a84fa3129</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="59">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="69">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1828">
                <text>DETERMINANTS OF AFFECTIVE ORGANISATIONAL&#13;
COMMITMENT AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO THE&#13;
PERFORMANCE OF SECONDARY SCHOOLTEACHERS&#13;
IN ZIMBABWE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1829">
                <text>RITTAH KASOWE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1830">
                <text>Performance of secondary school students has been declining since 1984 to date.&#13;
Although much has been done to improve conditions of teachers the Ordinary level&#13;
ZIMSEC examinations appear to be declining. Factors contributing to the&#13;
teachers‟effectiveness have not been well researched. Whereas teachers could be&#13;
motivated by employers, what contributes to their affective commitment to the&#13;
organisations in which they work is not known. The primary aim of the study was to&#13;
make a critical analysis of variables contributing to affective organisational&#13;
commitment of teachers. Stufflebeam‟s (1971) Context Input Process and Product&#13;
Model informed the study. A mixed methods methodology approach was used. The&#13;
study used statistical tests such as multiple regression alysis and step wise regression&#13;
analysis on quantitative survey data. The quantitative data were gathered using two&#13;
seven point Likert scales from 230 teachers, proportionately, stratified and systematic&#13;
randomly sampled from 2340 teachers. SPSS was used to analyse the relationship&#13;
between school performance and teachers‟ organisational commitment. Linear multiple&#13;
step wise regression analyses were performed in order to find out the significance of the&#13;
variables. The qualitative data were collected from purposively sampled 12 teachers, 2&#13;
heads of departments, 2 deputy heads, 4 school heads, 5 education inspectors and 1&#13;
Deputy Provincial Education Director. Semi-structured interviews and focus group&#13;
discussion were used in order to to generate data which were analysed using NVivo.&#13;
The study established factors such as biographical, organisational the community&#13;
policies and teacher efficacy as strong determinants of affective organisational&#13;
commitment. One of the significant outcomes of the study was an informed&#13;
conceptualised BLOTPAS affective organisational commitment model that illustrates&#13;
the relationship between the factors and teachers, as well as students and schools‟&#13;
performance. The study recommended to revamp education system operations</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1831">
                <text>Zimbabwe Open University</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1832">
                <text>2017</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="399">
        <name>Organisational commitment</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="654">
        <name>Teaching</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="125" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="124">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/a9164d0a9438d86679701b4477ffc0f2.pdf</src>
        <authentication>58bcf2d9b46d3b590c452519beb59af7</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="59">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="69">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="824">
                <text>CONVEYER BELT MARKING: OPINIONS OF ZIMSEC MARKERS&#13;
IN CHIKOMBA DISTRICT</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="825">
                <text>ROGERS NGARA </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="826">
                <text>The purpose of the study was to establish markers perceptions of the newly introduced&#13;
system of marking. Participant responses were sought through using open ended&#13;
questionnaires. The study established that the CBM was considered advantageous in that&#13;
marking because it could be made more reliable, efficient and that it encouraged good&#13;
team spirit among makers. Nonetheless, some problems presented by CBM were opined&#13;
by participants. For instance fast markers were held back by the slow ones, mastering of&#13;
the whole marking scheme was not considered important yet in actual fact it was crucial&#13;
that each maker mastered it and the whole exercise was hurried. It was also expressed&#13;
that examiners were now getting lower remuneration compared to TMS. General&#13;
suggestions were made by participants on how CBM could be improved. The researchers&#13;
recommended that ample time be given to examiners for marking and that payment be&#13;
according to the actual number of responses an examiner would have marked.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="827">
                <text>HOPE Journal of Research (House of Pakistani Educationists)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="828">
                <text>2013</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="367">
        <name>Conveyor belt marking</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="368">
        <name>Markers</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="369">
        <name>Traditional marking system</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="324" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="329">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/a433f18225a677749ff156966d7f519a.pdf</src>
        <authentication>e8e25be4ff19de6f1d43042338692cc5</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="59">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="69">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1969">
                <text>CHALLENGES TO THE CENTRALITY OF TEACHING PRACTICE IN THE STUDENT TEACHERS’&#13;
PROFESSIONAL GROWTH AND COMPETENT CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT IN THE MIDLANDS&#13;
PROVINCE OF ZIMBABWE&#13;
&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1970">
                <text>ROSEMARY CHRISTINE NGARA</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1971">
                <text>The study endeavoured to investigate the nature of student teacher experiences and&#13;
challenges they faced when doing Teaching Practice (TP). Additionally, the study aimed to&#13;
propose ways by which problems in Teaching Practice could be overcome to enable&#13;
teacher educators and students to attain the desired outcomes from teaching practice in a&#13;
comprehensive and effective manne</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1972">
                <text>ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1973">
                <text>2015</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="901">
        <name>classroom management</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="371">
        <name>teaching practice</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="121" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="120">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/cee0e710e9c7f3695b01ee4af7ab9632.pdf</src>
        <authentication>9ba04ba5571bb55f11b8dfa7b4e78d58</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="60">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="70">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="800">
                <text>INTEGRATING PEDAGOGY AND TECHNOLOGY IN TEACHER&#13;
DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMES AT ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY: PRACTICES&#13;
AND ISSUES</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="801">
                <text>ROSEMARY NGARA</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="802">
                <text>Since there seemed to be minimal integration of technology and pedagogy in teacher&#13;
development programmes in Open and distance education a case study was conducted to&#13;
determine ways by which technology had been integrated in teacher development programmes at&#13;
Zimbabwe Open University ( ZOU) and to establish impediments that were there in trying to&#13;
effectively integrate technology in teacher pedagogy at ZOU. The case study investigated&#13;
opinions held about the integration of pedagogy and technology in the teacher development&#13;
programmes by students and tutors. The study established that tutors only used modern&#13;
technology effectively as they communicated with students via telephone. Use of modern&#13;
technology in tutorials was very minimal. There was a clear indication that lecturers’ use of&#13;
technology lagged behind technological advancement and this was attributed to technological&#13;
phobia. On line discussions were one way by which technology use could be integrated in&#13;
teacher development programmes. In addition, e- marking could be done and power point and&#13;
videos could be used in tutorial sessions. Tutors had inadequate experiences using digital&#13;
technologies even those which were available at ZOU. Tutor and student continual training by&#13;
Zimbabwe Open University on the usefulness of technology and that tutors at ZOU should make&#13;
deliberate effort to use technological devices that are already at the institution were&#13;
recommended</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="803">
                <text>Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Research</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="804">
                <text>2016</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="124" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="123">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/a62276177a0b778a0c124a7e16ecee91.pdf</src>
        <authentication>56d3a2b3f5e3eb257539dba48089410d</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="59">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="69">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="817">
                <text>AN ASSESSMENT OF THE BACHELOR OF EARLY CHILDHOOD&#13;
DEVELOPMENT DEGREE PROGRAMME IN ITS INITIAL STAGES&#13;
AT ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="818">
                <text>ROSEMARY NGARA</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="819">
                <text>RICHARD NGWARAI</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="820">
                <text>RODGERS NGARA</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="821">
                <text>The Bachelor of Early Childhood Education degree (BEDECD) is a teacher development programme which was&#13;
introduced for study at Zimbabwe Open University in September 2010 in response to the need for more ECD-trained&#13;
teachers. BEDECD is four year programme. It had run for three semesters at the time the study was conducted. The&#13;
study was conducted at Zimbabwe Open University, in Masvingo region to assess opinions of students and lecturers on&#13;
the implementation of the BEDECD curriculum, in the stated period. Generally, students and lecturers were of the&#13;
opinion that modules designed for the programme had been useful and had recent data and the design of the modules&#13;
was of high quality. Pre-Teaching Practice Microteaching was viewed by most participants as helpful but micro-teaching&#13;
was not accorded adequate time. However, participants were generally, unhappy about the delayed provision of some&#13;
modules in each of the semesters. Students felt that tutorials were in most cases fruitful as tutors were thoroughly&#13;
prepared but students reported that tutors did not employ any media that could have driven home ideas and concepts at&#13;
stake. The study recommended timeous provision of curriculum materials and feedback on assignments, among other&#13;
things</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="822">
                <text>Greener Journal of Educational Research</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="823">
                <text>2013</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="366">
        <name>Curriculum reforms and implementations</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="365">
        <name>Teacher Education and  professional development</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="221" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="225">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/066cced4ecb06dd3aef8c091a7b0e2e3.pdf</src>
        <authentication>7ace2047c6a3bf9ba3a2988bb9f057e9</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="59">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="69">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1380">
                <text>TEACHING PRACTICE SUPERVISION AND ASSESSMENT AS A QUALITY&#13;
ASSURANCE TOOL IN TEACHER TRAINING: PERCEPTIONS OF PROSPECTIVE&#13;
TEACHERS AT MASVINGO TEACHER TRAINING COLLEGES</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1381">
                <text>ROSEMARY NGARA </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="1382">
                <text>RICHARD NGWARAI</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="1383">
                <text>RODGERS NGARA </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1384">
                <text>eaching practice (T.P.) is a critical stage in the training of prospective teachers as it is a&#13;
process of producing a master teacher. There are many mechanisms that are put in place to&#13;
make T.P. a beneficial experience to trainee teachers and student supervision is a part of one of&#13;
such mechanisms. Supervision and assessment of the trainee teachers is done by the college and&#13;
mentors and members of the administration at the schools where students conduct their teaching&#13;
practice. There are, however, some problems associated with supervision. For instance,&#13;
supervisors give conflicting suggestions and sometimes supervision is ill-timed or delayed. A&#13;
survey was conducted in Masvingo urban schools to determine views of prospective teachers and&#13;
student teacher supervisors on the effectiveness of T.P supervision as a tool in quality assurance.&#13;
By and large, participants regarded supervision and assessment as an indispensable tool in&#13;
assuring quality in teacher training. Nevertheless, some variables were viewed as affecting the&#13;
effectiveness of supervision. Among them were delays in supervision, supervision being far-&#13;
spaced from each other, little or no dialogue and lack of consensus on the part of supervisors in&#13;
dealing with similar issues. Among other things, the study recommended the running of&#13;
workshops on T.P supervision by training colleges for Teaching Practice supervisors at all&#13;
levels</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1385">
                <text>European Social Sciences Research Journal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1386">
                <text>2013</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="372">
        <name>prospective teachers</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="370">
        <name>student teacher supervision</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="371">
        <name>teaching practice</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="225" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="229">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/ee4817a90059ad2583a53bab0579278a.pdf</src>
        <authentication>0d37d4b469a948302f4d5cc2081b11d0</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="59">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="69">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1406">
                <text>TUTOR EFFECTIVENESS: CONCEPTIONS OF STUDENT TEACHERS AT ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY IN MASVINGO</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1407">
                <text>ROSEMARY NGARA </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="1408">
                <text>RICHARD NGARA </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1409">
                <text>Tutoring is an age - old practice .There are some requisites for tutors to be effective. Content&#13;
knowledge is an essential ingredient for effective tutoring and many other personal attributes. If&#13;
a tutor is received as genuine and having a genuine desire to listen, students will be willing to&#13;
open up and discuss their problems. Good mastery of subject matter by the tutor contributes to&#13;
tutor effectiveness as students turn up for tutorials if they feel they benefit from tutors`&#13;
contributions. Much of the quality of tutoring depends on the attitude of the instructor and their&#13;
capabilities in using technology. Research suggests that the effectiveness of distance learning is&#13;
based on preparation, excellent communication skills and the instructors’ understanding. A&#13;
survey was conducted at Zimbabwe Open University in Masvingo region to establish tutees’&#13;
perceptions of the effectiveness of the tutors’ teaching courses in the Bachelor of Education in&#13;
Early Childhood Development Programme (BECDECD) using questionnaires. Respondents&#13;
were of the opinion that most tutors had impressive subject mastery and were usually thoroughly&#13;
prepared for tutorials and methodology used was viewed by most participants as suitable.&#13;
However, there were sentiments that tutors hardly communicated with students outside tutorial&#13;
sessions. Tutors’ marking was viewed as communicative, but feedback was not timely and tutors&#13;
did not use any modern teaching media. Some of the personal attributes such as openness,&#13;
humility and accessibility were viewed as wanting on the part of some tutors. The study&#13;
recommended that more tutor workshops be run to emphasize and reemphasize essential&#13;
ingredients of effective tutoring and that the tutors make use of technology available at the&#13;
regional campus, among other things</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1410">
                <text>European Social Sciences Research Journal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1411">
                <text>2013</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="50">
        <name>Early Childhood Development</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="669">
        <name>tutor effectiveness</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="490" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="496">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/ffa19162ebc54bd64d2a2945a73665c0.pdf</src>
        <authentication>f067f29e9f7eaf363a84f09e29a57ace</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="60">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="70">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2950">
                <text>&#13;
THE FUTURE OF ODEL: EVALUATING THE ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY IN ENHANCING PERSONALISED LEARNING EXPERIENCES IN HIGHER EDUCATION. THE CASE OF ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY&#13;
&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2951">
                <text>ROSEWITHA MBIRIYAKURA (</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="2952">
                <text> RITTAH KASOWE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2953">
                <text>The rapid evolution of technology has significantly influenced Open and Distance e-Learning (ODeL), paving the way for personalised learning experiences in higher education. This study investigates the integration of advanced technologies, such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), adaptive learning systems and intelligent tutoring platforms into ODeL frameworks to enhance individualised learning pathways. By analysing current literature and case studies, the research&#13;
identifies how these technologies contribute to improved student engagement, academic performance and retention rates. Data generated for the study included interview guide, open- ended questionnaire and focus group discussions. Document analysis was also used to complement the other methods. A purposive sampling technique was used to select participants for qualitative data. A total of 21 participants were selected with 12 students (undergraduate&#13;
and postgraduate), six academic staff members and three e-learning administrators. Findings indicated that personalised technology-enhanced learning environments foster greater learner autonomy, motivation and satisfaction. However, challenges such as digital literacy gaps, infrastructure limitations and the need for faculty training are also highlighted. The research underscores the importance of strategic implementation of personalised learning technologies in ODeL settings. It recommends institutional policies that support technological infrastructure development, continuous professional development for educators and the adoption of learner-&#13;
centric pedagogical models. By addressing these areas, higher education institutions could effectively leverage technology to create more inclusive and effective personalised learning&#13;
experiences, aligning with the future trajectory of ODeL&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2954">
                <text>International Journal of Education</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2955">
                <text>2026</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="1338">
        <name>adaptive learning systems</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="934">
        <name>Artificial Intelligence</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1339">
        <name>intelligent tutoring platforms</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1341">
        <name>learner centric advanced technologies</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1340">
        <name>personalised learning</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="296" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="300">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/cbb7c03033081f98905889af9bb67aeb.pdf</src>
        <authentication>67fd188601539d0af02821b791248094</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="53">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="63">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1838">
                <text>A STUDY OF THE FACTORS IMPACTING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF RESULTS BASED MANAGEMENT (RBM) IN THE PUBLIC SERVICE IN ZIMBABWE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1839">
                <text>RUDO GRACE GWATA</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1840">
                <text>This study determined that the availability of capacity to implement Results Based Management&#13;
(RBM) is a major determinant of the success or failure of the strategy. The purpose of the study was&#13;
to investigate the main factors that impacted on the implementation of the RBM strategy in the&#13;
Zimbabwe Public Service. Over the past three decades, the principle of RBM has been adopted by&#13;
many Governments and public organizations worldwide to improve the implementation of national&#13;
programmes. In Zimbabwe, the strategy was introduced in 2005 with the expectation that there&#13;
would be improvement in the Public Service delivery and subsequently the lives of all stakeholders&#13;
within the delivery system. However, the results, like in many other countries, had not been realized&#13;
as expected. The study sought to understand the factors that affected the implementation of the&#13;
strategy from the perspective of individual managers in the Zimbabwe Public Service, to determine&#13;
whether or not the implementation process could help to explain the limited impact of the strategy.&#13;
Limited research had been done to explore the experiences of individuals in the implementation of&#13;
Public sector reforms. Understanding the experiences of Civil Servants regarding RBM could help to&#13;
identify strategies to improve implementation and hence increased impact of the management&#13;
strategy. Such understanding can also provide insight into the formulation of future initiatives for the&#13;
implementation of other national programmes. It is expected that this study will contribute towards&#13;
providing the Zimbabwe Public Service, and possibly other organizations, with suggestions on how&#13;
they can improve their service to stakeholders. The study used both secondary and primary data. The&#13;
secondary data was obtained through extensive study of relevant literature while the primary data&#13;
was obtained from an exploratory study that comprised purposive and snowball sampling of middle&#13;
and top managers from Head Offices of government institutions. Semi-structured open ended&#13;
questions were asked to 32 managers to explore their experiences and challenges in the&#13;
implementation of RBM. Content analysis of the original transcripts was employed to identify&#13;
emergent themes. A number of key findings emerged from this study including the inadequacy of skills, information, attitude as well as financial resources to effectively implement RBM. In the case&#13;
of financial resources, the inadequacy was reportedly in terms of both timing and quantity. Also,&#13;
there was inadequate performance by managers in both the planning and performance measurement&#13;
functions which are the core components of RBM. The main conclusion drawn from this research is&#13;
that managers, particularly those within the line Ministries, were implementing the strategy without&#13;
the requisite capacity to allow for the realization of the benefits of RBM. This study argues for a&#13;
results based capacity building model to effectively equip managers with the required capacity. That&#13;
is, a model that focuses on results emphasizes full participation of stakeholders in the identification&#13;
of knowledge needs, formulation of strategies, monitoring and evaluation of these strategies. Such&#13;
monitoring and evaluation includes the review and adjustment of the related systems as well as the&#13;
incorporation of learning and information sharing throughout the process.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1841">
                <text>Zimbabwe</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1842">
                <text>2013</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="295">
        <name>public administration</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="856">
        <name>public service</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="92" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="90">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/ca930ea2e924d2a02cab24de3608f570.pdf</src>
        <authentication>46241323411c7af9bfda64095f9113c8</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="56">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="66">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="635">
                <text>MANY DEVELOPING COUNTRIES ARE EXPERIENCING&#13;
PROCUREMENT PROBLEMS. IS E-GOVERNANCE THE SOLUTION? A&#13;
DISCUSSION PAPER ON ZIMBABWE.&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="636">
                <text>RUDO MATACHI&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="637">
                <text>DR FARAI CHOGA&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="638">
                <text>Many developing countries are experiencing procurement problems. The&#13;
problems include: lack of enforcement of rules and regulations, no electronic&#13;
infrastructure, high cost of technology, in some cases lack of legal framework, lack of&#13;
technical expertise, lack of e-procurement knowledge and above all lack of e-&#13;
governance. Through e-governance e-procurement can bring a lot of benefits that&#13;
include: cost reduction, visibility of procurement process, time savings, improved&#13;
productivity and minimised corruption. To resolve procurement challenges e-&#13;
governance must be in place as e-procurement is part of this process.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="639">
                <text>ournal of Environmental Science, Computer Science and&#13;
Engineering &amp; Technology</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="640">
                <text>2019</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="281">
        <name>challenges and benefits.</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="280">
        <name>e-governance</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="279">
        <name>E-procurement</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="176" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="176">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/abf1fe1c264d38d499728d102c6fce31.pdf</src>
        <authentication>ddb08296f2460fd1a379f9800164e9bd</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="74">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="84">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1110">
                <text>ROLE OF INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) IN INVENTORY MANAGEMENT OF SMALL TO MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (SMES): A CASE STUDY OF CHIKWANHA BUSINESS CENTRE IN CHITUNGWIZA, ZIMBABWE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1111">
                <text>RUGARE CHITIGA&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1112">
                <text>The Zimbabwean economy declined in the past decades. Many industries&#13;
closed leading to mushrooming of the informal sector. Chikwanha has developed into a&#13;
hub of many SMEs involved in different activities. No study has been carried out to&#13;
ascertain how ICT has influenced the stock or inventory management of SMEs&#13;
activities at Chikwanha. This research study was aimed at determining the extent of&#13;
ICT influence in stock management. A qualitative approach was used. Interviews and&#13;
questionnaires were used in data generation. The findings showed that Internet was not&#13;
used despite the availability of iPads and smart phones in the market. The benefits of&#13;
Internet usage in trade and inventory management were not experienced. Limited&#13;
benefits such as accuracy, processing speed, theft and stock shortages reduction were&#13;
realized through the use of computers. However a number of challenges were faced.&#13;
The major challenge was that of lack and unreliability of electricity supply that affected&#13;
usage of computers. Lack of computer skills also hampered usage of computerized&#13;
inventory systems. It was recommended that the SMEs be staff-developed in the use of&#13;
computers. The use of iPads and smart phones should be encouraged</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="203">
        <name>ICT</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="389">
        <name>informal sector</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="527">
        <name>inventory management</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="526">
        <name>SMEs</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="57" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="56">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/d1755279be8d854900ca151a62258498.pdf</src>
        <authentication>3e5a8873780c0c64df7790c999fe26e1</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="71">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="81">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="436">
                <text>IN VITRO DEGRADABILITY OF FORAGE LEGUMES USING THE ANKOM RF GAS TECHNIQUE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="437">
                <text>S. KATSANDE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="438">
                <text>J. J BALOYI</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="439">
                <text>F. V. NHERERA-CHOKUDA</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="440">
                <text>N. T. NGONGONI</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="441">
                <text>G. MATOPE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="442">
                <text>The AnkomRF gas production technique was used to assess rumen degradability of Mucuna pruriens (velvet bean), Vigna&#13;
unguiculata Walp (L) (cowpea) and Desmodium uncinatum (silverleaf desmodium) forage legumes. Forage samples of 1.0&#13;
g/DM were placed into 250ml glass jar and incubated at 390C over 72 hours. Rumen liquor that was taken from 2 fistulated&#13;
Friesian cows on a dairy ration was mixed with saliva in the ratio of 4:1. Most but not all of the gas in the three legume&#13;
forages was produced within the first 48 hours post-incubation. The volumes of gases produced ranged from 61.38 to 70.37&#13;
ml, with an average of 64.16ml, whilst the fractional rate of gas production varied between 4.6 and 5.6%/h with a mean of&#13;
5%/h. Cowpea produced the highest amount of gas followed by velvet bean.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="443">
                <text>AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATION CENTRE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="444">
                <text>2014</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="169">
        <name>AnkomRF gas production</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="170">
        <name>Desmodium uncinatum</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="171">
        <name>Mucuna pruriens</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="172">
        <name>Rumen degradability</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="173">
        <name>Vigna unguiculata Walp (L).</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="44" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="43">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/d52ba5557cb254c94d62a84684cdec33.pdf</src>
        <authentication>6122ae5fe7854d24bb880401a5117242</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="53">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="63">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="361">
                <text>GOVERNMENTAL PLANNING</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="362">
                <text>S.B.M MARUME</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="363">
                <text>According to social scientists, namely; public administration scientists, political scientists,&#13;
economists, sociologists, students and readers, planning is now viewed and accepted as an indispensible activity&#13;
in the public sector, as opposed to the ancient point of view that to foretell the future did not reside within the&#13;
province of humankind’s capabilities. As a matter of fact, planning with reference to contemporary thinking is&#13;
accorded a necessary element in governmental activities, as is evident from the uses of various terms and&#13;
concepts such as policy planning, development planning, economic planning, social planning, rural planning,&#13;
urban planning, and governmental planning to mention but a few; and the latter concept, that is, governmental&#13;
planning, is the subject this article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="364">
                <text>IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="365">
                <text>2016</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="124">
        <name>and governmental planning</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="122">
        <name>development planning</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="121">
        <name>economic planning</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="125">
        <name>foretell the future</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="123">
        <name>indispensable activity</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="119">
        <name>planning</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="120">
        <name>policy planning</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="113" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="111">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/80790fbd9431ad0e9f93cfdf81ceaeae.pdf</src>
        <authentication>35c3b1d92a95d8bbb3597887ba0cb2a6</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="69">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="79">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="757">
                <text>METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES IN A STUDY OF AFRICA IN INTERNATIONAL POLITICS&#13;
&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="758">
                <text>S.B.M. MARUME </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="759">
                <text>An analysis of methodological approaches in a study of Africa in international politics reveals a variety of approaches&#13;
including positivism and neo-positivism; approaches in Politicology involving approaches based on academic disciplines,&#13;
analytical themes and three forces levels</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="760">
                <text>The International Journal Of Humanities &amp; Social Studies </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="761">
                <text>2016</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
