16 25 486 https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/a62276177a0b778a0c124a7e16ecee91.pdf 56d3a2b3f5e3eb257539dba48089410d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Staff Publications Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource AN ASSESSMENT OF THE BACHELOR OF EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT DEGREE PROGRAMME IN ITS INITIAL STAGES AT ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource ROSEMARY NGARA RICHARD NGWARAI RODGERS NGARA Description An account of the resource The Bachelor of Early Childhood Education degree (BEDECD) is a teacher development programme which was introduced for study at Zimbabwe Open University in September 2010 in response to the need for more ECD-trained teachers. BEDECD is four year programme. It had run for three semesters at the time the study was conducted. The study was conducted at Zimbabwe Open University, in Masvingo region to assess opinions of students and lecturers on the implementation of the BEDECD curriculum, in the stated period. Generally, students and lecturers were of the opinion that modules designed for the programme had been useful and had recent data and the design of the modules was of high quality. Pre-Teaching Practice Microteaching was viewed by most participants as helpful but micro-teaching was not accorded adequate time. However, participants were generally, unhappy about the delayed provision of some modules in each of the semesters. Students felt that tutorials were in most cases fruitful as tutors were thoroughly prepared but students reported that tutors did not employ any media that could have driven home ideas and concepts at stake. The study recommended timeous provision of curriculum materials and feedback on assignments, among other things Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Greener Journal of Educational Research Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013 Curriculum reforms and implementations Teacher Education and professional development https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/f5a5ce888df75856fa4b7ad691038ebd.pdf d9630dae2b4ea75a18c05a16e37c056a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Staff Publications Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource TERM PAPER EFFECTIVENESS: PERCEPTIONS OF STUDENTS AND LECTURERS AT ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource R. NGARA R. NGWARAI Description An account of the resource Term papers are an important component of the curriculum of students studying at higher levels of learning. At the Zimbabwe Open University students pursuing Masters Degrees write one term paper in each of the courses they would be studying. Term papers are marked and contribute to the final coursework mark. In some instances term papers are not just written, they are also presented orally by students. Term papers are instrumental in developing academic skills such as critical thinking. There are, however, some problems associated with students’ writing or presentation of term papers. For instance, topics chosen by students lack unique focus and there is general deficiency knowledge on how to write a term paper on the part of many students. A survey was conducted at Zimbabwe Open University’s one regional campus to determine the views of Masters students and their lecturers on the effectiveness of term papers as a tool of learning and assessment. Generally, participants were of the opinion that term papers were handy in developing student academic skills if principles in writing term papers were religiously followed by students and tutors. Some factors were viewed as negatively affecting the ways in which term papers could be useful or could be good quality. Among them were little tutor-guidance, lack of versatile materials and poor academic skills. The study recommended running of workshops for tutors on term paper-related issues at the University’s regional campus inter alia Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available European Social Sciences Research Journal Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013 effectiveness term paper https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/87dcaef9b3089d780a1aa38ae91c9785.pdf 6a20a15091040d65370c06191e6b4b88 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Staff Publications Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource MENTOR AND MENTEE CONCEPTIONS ON MENTOR ROLES AND QUALITIES: A CASE STUDY OF MASVINGO TEACHER TRAINING COLLEGES Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource R.NGARA R.NGWARAI Description An account of the resource Mentoring has been increasingly recognized as a key strategy in professional training and development in education. In teacher training, mentoring may be regarded as a relationship and a process whose aim and purpose is to induct student teachers into the community of practice of teaching. It is a process in which professional support is given by and within school. The mentor role was that of an elder, trusted loyal friend, responsible for the growth and development of the protégé, whose characteristics were integrity, wisdom and personal involvement. However the notion of mentoring is not clear as it seems, considering how it is performed and there are challenges affecting mentoring. In Zimbabwe, in teacher education, mentoring is one of the Teaching Practice training strategies which is largely employed by schools in conjunction with teacher training colleges. A survey was conducted in Masvingo urban to determine mentor and mentee conceptions on mentor roles and mentor qualities in mentoring student teachers from two teachers’ training colleges in Masvingo .The study established that there were some differences in the way roles and qualities of mentors were conceived by student teachers and the mentors but the key roles of an effective mentor were conceived as a guide and a helper in purely teaching matters. Opinions were divided on the assessor role of mentors but being highly knowledgeable about teaching children in the primary school, warm and being trustworthy were most commonly identified traits of effective mentors. The study recommended that workshops be run conjointly by training colleges and appointed school mentors so that mentors and colleges speak the same voice on mentor roles and qualities Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available International J. Soc. Sci. & Education Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2012 mentee mentor mentoring https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/cee0e710e9c7f3695b01ee4af7ab9632.pdf 9ba04ba5571bb55f11b8dfa7b4e78d58 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Staff Publications Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource INTEGRATING PEDAGOGY AND TECHNOLOGY IN TEACHER DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMES AT ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY: PRACTICES AND ISSUES Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource ROSEMARY NGARA Description An account of the resource Since there seemed to be minimal integration of technology and pedagogy in teacher development programmes in Open and distance education a case study was conducted to determine ways by which technology had been integrated in teacher development programmes at Zimbabwe Open University ( ZOU) and to establish impediments that were there in trying to effectively integrate technology in teacher pedagogy at ZOU. The case study investigated opinions held about the integration of pedagogy and technology in the teacher development programmes by students and tutors. The study established that tutors only used modern technology effectively as they communicated with students via telephone. Use of modern technology in tutorials was very minimal. There was a clear indication that lecturers’ use of technology lagged behind technological advancement and this was attributed to technological phobia. On line discussions were one way by which technology use could be integrated in teacher development programmes. In addition, e- marking could be done and power point and videos could be used in tutorial sessions. Tutors had inadequate experiences using digital technologies even those which were available at ZOU. Tutor and student continual training by Zimbabwe Open University on the usefulness of technology and that tutors at ZOU should make deliberate effort to use technological devices that are already at the institution were recommended Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Research Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016 https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/42fada0c694516ae9b8b0acae8474658.pdf 478ad8636f64cf63c29c848cf892d05a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Staff Publications Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource CHALLENGES FACED BY ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN ACCESSING AND USING ICT MATERIALS: A CASE STUDY OF THE MIDLANDS REGIONAL CAMPUS Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource SILVANOS CHIRUME ROSEMARY NGARA Description An account of the resource In its 2017 Strategic Plan, Zimbabwe Open University (ZOU) proposed that every Masters student should prepare and submit assignments online. Every student is also encouraged to access learning materials online and to use the MyVista platform. It appeared that the authorities envisioned this idea without having adequate information on the sufficiency, accessibility, and ability to use the ICT materials by the students. It also appeared that use of ICT materials by ZOU students was minimal. A study was then carried out to investigate the challenges faced by ZOU students of the Midlands Regional Campus in accessing and using ICT materials for learning, research and producing assignments. Using convenience sampling, 15students who visited the ICT laboratory during the first semester of 2017 were selected and interviewed. Data were analysed using her meneutical analysis techniques. Findings were that students had challenges in being involved in collaborative learning with other students and lecturers due to limited resources and skills in using ICT materials, getting positive influence from lecturers since lecturers did not integrate ICT’s in tutorials and absence of ICT’s at students’ work places in the remote areas of the Midlands province of Zimbabwe. The study recommends that ZOU needs to put in place adequate ICT machines for the students, make them accessible at all times, and train all students and staff in the proper use of the facilities, inter alia. Further studies can also be carried out in other regional campuses of ZOU. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available International Open and Distance Learning Journal Special Edition Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017 accessibility Challenges effective use ICT materials MyVista ODL https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/d898c95de1a3ef19a0d1b3ed85a8b618.pdf b45276003c3eb106d12bd146e7058e42 https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/82ead7a183c4019a1298e64125ecc309.pdf b45276003c3eb106d12bd146e7058e42 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Staff Publications Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource NAVIGATING MARGINALITY: RECLAIMING AND UNDERSTANDING THE STATUS AND EXPERIENCES OF ZIMBABWEAN WOMEN WHO OCCUPY EDUCATIONAL LEADERSHIP ROLES Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource PAUL MUPA Description An account of the resource The twenty-first century has seen very few women profiled in educational leadership positions. Women need to break through the glass ceilings in order to navigate marginality. Many African governments are signatories to the convention of gender equity and equality and vowed to fight against any forms of discrimination that bar women from positions and hinder their career development. Yet real obstacles remain. Women are still concentrated in the lower ranks of educational leadership positions with the majority as deputy heads of schools while a minority take the headship positions. Breaking through the glass ceiling still appears elusive for all but a select few. This study was meant to analyse the experiences of those women who are already in leadership positions in education. A qualitative research was carried out to establish experiences and opportunities by women to break the glass ceilings that affect their statuses in educational organisations. Interviews were used to generate data from women in management positions in the education department in Masvingo Province in Zimbabwe. Purposeful sampling was employed to select 10 women leaders. The study recommends creation of positive attitudes towards women, minimising gender stereotypes; crafting policies that promote gender equity, among others. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Open and Distance Learning Journal Special Edition Gender glass ceilings leadership management marginality Women https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/196aaef9d99d81c585af09cebfa64d36.pdf 21a947d8359c04e8978ef9daf11f32e1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Staff Publications Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource NARROWING THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC GENDER GAP THROUGH EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN IN MICRO LIVESTOCK FARMING: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource N. ASSAN Description An account of the resource Micro livestock appears to be the most sustainable means of producing high quality animal protein for the expanding populations of the lesser developing countries. Diversification in animal agriculture through inclusion of non-conventional livestock such as micro livestock species (goat, sheep, poultry, rabbits, guinea pigs, pigeon, ducks, snails, grasscutter etc) provide options that would guarantee fully participation of women in livestock production to alleviate rural households protein shortage or deficiencies. The micro livestock are likely to become increasingly important source of animal protein as a result of rapid increase in human population and in the light of dwindling land sizes and natural resources in general. This is on the backdrop that micro livestock have diverse economic and social functions in rural communities, and different types of micro livestock have been associated with women due to their significant potential for alleviating malnutrition and food insecurity. Therefore, supporting micro livestock should be considered as a means to empower women in rural development which has the capacity to improve household nutrition and food security. This discussion looks at the opportunities of empowering women through micro livestock as a mean of alleviating poverty and solving the food insecurity challenges in rural communities. The challenges which women might face in engaging in micro livestock are also highlighted. The basis of micro livestock farming may be taken from the perspective of animal products supply being outpaced with the increased human population in Africa. In this case, alternative sources of animal protein such as micro livestock need to be promoted, and if not, livestock products will be beyond the reach of the majority of the ordinary persons. The space for classic livestock rearing have decreased, and this scenario will suit the keeping of smaller animals which are prolific and easy to manage. This warrant serious consideration of micro livestock farming as one of the major component of the livestock production systems where women can be empowered in rural areas. Micro livestock farming has greater opportunities in improving livelihoods among the rural poor households, provided that productivity is enhanced and appropriate input and services can be availed. Gender sensitive programs that promote micro livestock farming contribution to optimization of animal product supply and enhance food security on sustainable basis are recommended. In most cases livestock professionals such as veterinarians and animal scientists often do not have the necessary familiarity and competence with gender analysis and participatory skills to implement a gender balanced assessment or response in livestock production issues Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Scientific Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2014 Challenges Micro livestock Opportunities Women https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/d68982f971d91c0f74b1a2079bd21c1c.pdf bfa9cb9911e912b24ba04e0fdc2ed6bf Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Staff Publications Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource LEARNING STATISTICS AT A DISTANCE: ANALYZING THE CAUSES OF FAILURE IN STATISTICS COURSES IN THE ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource THABITHA MAKEREDZI CHRISPEN CHIOME Description An account of the resource Adult learners face limitations, constraints, consequences and challenges as they study statistics at a distance. These aspects need to be revealed and debated and, this study attempts to contribute to that debate. The research analyzes causes of failure in statistics by ZOU students across different programmes by interrogating effectiveness of procedures, methods and materials. Questionnaires were administered on a purposeful sample of 167 respondents comprising students and tutors in ZOU centres nationally. A mixed method approach was adopted for data gathering, analysis and interpretation. Findings highlighted tutor effectiveness in the delivery of tutorials. Most students passed ‘O’-Level mathematics creating an impression of reasonable grounding to understand statistics concepts. A general negative attitude and fear of figures existed among students and time allocated for the heavy statistics courses and examinations was limited. Course modules lacked adequate practice exercises, worked examples and examination type questions. The study concluded that failure in these courses was linked to both student and institutional factors. It recommended that revision of modules, tutorial and exposure to examination time type question were critical. Tutors need to build confidence in these adult learners during maiden tutorials to allay fears of figures and develop a positive attitude towards statistics Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Zimbabwe International Journal of Open & Distance Learning Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2011 Open and Distance Leaning university Statistics Zimbabwe Open University https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/6b074f95f67870def04949d55516085f.pdf 3eda36ee2bb348a8039bf20b8de99979 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Staff Publications Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource MODERNISATION AND THE DEMISE OF CULTURAL PRACTICES ON THE MANAGEMENT OF MISHUKU TREES AND MASHUKU FRUITS IN CHIZHOU IN CHIRUMANZU DISTRICT, ZIMBABWE Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource REMIGIOS V. MANGIZVO MTHOKOZISI, M. NCUBE Description An account of the resource Traditional practices and taboos have been used for a very long time in Chizhou located within Chirumanzu District in Zimbabwe to manage mashuku fruits also known as mazhanje (uapacakirklania) for the benefit of communities. The adaptation of modern values has, however, resulted in the over-harvesting of fruits as well as destruction of fruit bearing trees. This study endeavoured to establish why traditional values on the management of mishuku trees have been abandoned in Chizhou. It also sought to find out the impacts on the environment of the neglect of these controls. As such this qualitative study sought to gain an understanding of the underlying reasons, opinions, and motivations of this abandonment. Purposive sampling techniques were used to select study participants. The study targeted a sub-chief, three headmen and local traditional leaders with traditional knowledge on the management of mishuku trees and their fruits. The study also used villagers who were a homogenous group of people that behaved in an almost similar way towards the utilisation of mishuku trees and the fruits. Face-to-face interviews and observations were used to gather data from the participants. The study team observed the behaviour of villagers to obtain first hand information as they harvested fruits for sale. The study established that activities in Chizhou were unsustainable. Traditional leaders’ power to manage the trees and fruits was usurped by politicians. Villagers cut mishuku trees for fuelwood and construction. Due to commercialisation of the fruits villagers harvested even the raw fruits. Traditionally people were supposed to pick ripe fruits instead of climbing trees to gather fruits. Wild animals were denied the fruits as villagers picked everything. The study recommended that traditional leaders should reclaim their authority over the trees and fruits. Chizhou area should be developed so that villagers have other means of making money other than selling mashuku Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available International Open and Distance Learning Journal https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/22a04031c4b449c6ae483f19dae48596.pdf afa483d0d5a0bca31e221af508c25b3f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Staff Publications Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource EFFECT OF MILKING FREQUENCY AND LACTATION LENGTH ON YIELD AND MILK COMPOSITION IN GOATS Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource N. ASSAN Description An account of the resource The level of individual milk output per dam is a crucial element in the economic survival of any dairy enterprise. A profitable goat dairy enterprise should aim at maximazation of milk output per dam or optimizing the overall milk output from the flock. The present discussion explores the potential use of milking frequency as a management tool available for goat dairy farmers in manipulation of milk yield per dam and its implication for mammary functioning and its influence in enhancing metabolic activities in milk secrection. The influence of lactation length on yield and milk composition is also discussed. Lactation length and milking frequency are some of factors which have been implicated in influencing yield and milk composition. Different milking frequencies in different management systems have been studied with different results observed in their influences on yield and milk composition. There are different adaptive responses of the mammary gland of different animal species to extended milking frequencies and lactation length in different systems of management. The lactation length records can facilitate the allocation of resources such as feed supplies both for individual doe and the flock. From the discussion milking frequency and lactation length account for some of the variation in milk yield and composition, therefore adjustment of dairy records for lactation length is essential for accurate selection of dairy animals in a flock. The feature of once daily milking is that it reduces milk yield, depending on stage of lactation, breed and parity. However, with the labour costs being recognized as one of the highest contributors to a dairy enterprise daily expense, it is suffice to suggest that the cost implications related to once daily milking can not be ignored. In goats milked twice daily, but increasing milking frequency to three times a day or even more often increase goat milk yield Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Agricultural Advances Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2014 Goat Lactation length Milking frequency Yield Composition https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/080af582f1582979103137783b830216.pdf 3acd287a954c9622b7c435c78e43ba48 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Staff Publications Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource MIDDLE RANGE THEORIES AS COHERENT INTELLECTUAL FRAMEWORKS Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource DR. S. B. M. MARUME R. R. JUBENKANDA C. W. NAMUSI Description An account of the resource he argument is advanced that sound logical reasoning is essential in understanding the complex concept of middle range theories. This may be explainable as follows: firstly, that epistemological rules and principles are wider and incorporate under to incorporate such concepts as generalization; theoretical paradigms; empirical theories; formal theories; and intellectual theoretical and conceptual frameworks: major premise designated as B. Secondly, that middle range theories have three sets of meanings: called minor premises designated as B1; and these three sets of meanings are: (a)theoretical paradigms as forms of middle range theories are the basic sets of assumptions ideas and unified viewpoints: called minor premise B2; (b) empirical theories as forms of middle range theories as forms of middle range theories are conceptual models of analysis: minor premise B3; (c) formal theories as forms of middle range theories, designated as minor premise B4. (d) Therefore, minor premises B1, B2, B3 and B4 are related to B, major premise. Thirdly, the broader epistemological rules and principles thus incorporate the middle range theories as coherent intellectual frameworks. The latter aspect forms the subject of this article Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available International Journal of Engineering Science Invention Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016 https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/80790fbd9431ad0e9f93cfdf81ceaeae.pdf 35c3b1d92a95d8bbb3597887ba0cb2a6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Staff Publications Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES IN A STUDY OF AFRICA IN INTERNATIONAL POLITICS Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource S.B.M. MARUME Description An account of the resource An analysis of methodological approaches in a study of Africa in international politics reveals a variety of approaches including positivism and neo-positivism; approaches in Politicology involving approaches based on academic disciplines, analytical themes and three forces levels Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The International Journal Of Humanities & Social Studies Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016 https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/1202a9dd81720163cc1fcd4557b08cd4.pdf 954d94bca963fe9c01d05f274d8de155 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Staff Publications Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource MEANING OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource DR S.B.M. MARUME Description An account of the resource ublic administration, which is an aspect of a more generic concept of administration, and that exists in a political system for the accomplishment of goals, and objectives formulated by the political decision- makers, consists if the activities of the executive branches of the national, state (provincial) and local governments. All these constitute the subject-matter of this article Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Science Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016 https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/c2323ee4c6558e6ac12b34d5452b6156.pdf 2fcf13d9c62459c7651eeeb4c7532e10 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Staff Publications Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource ASSOCIATION BETWEEN WANTING CIRCUMCISION AND RISKY SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR IN ZIMBABWE: EVIDENCE FROM THE 2010–11 ZIMBABWE DEMOGRAPHIC AND HEALTH SURVEY Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource ANTONY CHIKUTSA ALFRED C NCUBE SHEPHARD MUTSAU Description An account of the resource Zimbabwe adopted voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) as an additional HIV prevention strategy in 2009. A number of studies have been conducted to understand the determinants of VMMC uptake but few studies have examined the characteristics of men who are willing to get circumcised or the link between wanting circumcision and risky sexual behaviour. This study investigated the relationship between wanting male circumcision and engaging in risky sex behaviours. This was based on the assumption that those who are willing to undergo circumcision are already engaging in risky sexual behaviours Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Reproductive Health Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2015 HIV prevention Male circumcision Risky sexual behaviour https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/3fc9051ea85e0d020edd21c1462bbc7b.pdf b70f2e40fa49a801ad794d118913a62a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Staff Publications Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource CAUSES OF MARITAL CONFLICTS IN CHRISTIAN MARRIAGES IN DOMBOSHAVA AREA, MASHONALAND EAST PROVINCE, ZIMBABWE Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource JOHN MBWIRIRE Description An account of the resource This study investigates causes of marital conflicts in mainline and modern day Christian churches found in Domboshava area. The study used a qualitative approach, using focus group discussions with church members and in-depth interviews with church leaders. The findings of the study were that marital conflicts were caused through natural problems as well as man-generated problems. If these problems arise, they weaken marriage bond. Therefore, the study recommended that couples must promptly react constructively to early warning signs of marital conflicts before they develop into bad signals of cohabitation Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available International Journal of Humanities, Art and Social Studies Christian divorce marital conflicts Marriage https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/2a6fb8ec6482bf6e4acd4f6b21f0aad3.pdf ade8a69e8548a2ce49926e08a9b7f47c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Staff Publications Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource AN UNDERSTANDING OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND HUMAN RIGHTS SUPPORTS PROGRAMMES OFFERED BY RESTORATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN DARWEDALE DISTRICT OF HARARE,ZIMBABWE Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource JOHN MBWIRIRE Description An account of the resource The main objective of this study was to have an in-depth understanding of human rights and human rights support programmes offered by civic organizations in harsh political and economic community in a hyper inflammatory environment. This was carried out with specia l reference to Restoration of Human Rights Zimbabwe (ROHR Zim) as a case study. A qualitative approach using study focus group discussions and in-depth interviews were the research instruments used. The study showed that human rights support programmes were offered after political, economic and social crackdown in a crisis ridden community using participatory approaches. In addition, more effort and commitment wa s needed to enhance and improve human rights support programmes in line with the technological and economical, socio -cultural and global trends. Communities should also strive to improve human rights support programmes condition, which were generally bad in many societi es of developing countries. This research study recommends that human rights activists, organizations and state departments should collaboratively work together in coming up with human rights support programmes which are cultural specific utilizing available resources and expertise Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available African Journal of Science and Research Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016 Crisis Ridden Community. Human Rights Support Programmes uman Rights https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/c9db0ebec758121c18a417d0ac2ad545.pdf 2c0d221efb44a4263b686ea74f3e6351 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Staff Publications Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource EFFECTVENESS OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND HUMAN RIGHTS SUPPORTS PROGRAMMES OFFERED BY RESTORATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS ZIMBABWE IN DARWEDALE DISTRICT, ZIMBABWE. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource JOHN MBWIRIRE Description An account of the resource This research study evaluates human rights support programmes offered by civic organizations in harsh political and economic community in a hyper inflammatory environment. An evaluation of human rights support programmes with special reference to Restoration of Hum an Rights Zimbabwe (ROHR Zim) was the main objective of this research study. A qualitative approach was used in the study focus using g roup discussions and in-depth interviews as research instruments used. The study showed that human rights support programmes which were offered after political, economic and social crackdown in a crisis ridden community using participatory approaches were quite effective and timely relevant. In addition, more effort and commitment was needed to enhance and improve human rights support programmes. This research study recommends that the importance of human rights and human rights support programmes should also include peace education programmes for the literate and illiterate, young and adults, rich and poor. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available African Journal of Science and Research, Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016 civic organizations and Zimbabwe Effectiveness of human rights participatory approach https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/33ff1eb26eeb55aaf9955fa71fe06fa5.pdf 0fe343aad17b8191266d0600de2d238b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Staff Publications Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource AN ANALYSIS OF CHOLERA INTERVENTIONS BY DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATIONS IN HARARE URBAN DISTRICT FROM A DISASTER RISK REDUCTION PERSPECTIVE Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource JOHN MBWIRIRE NAUME WATYOKA Description An account of the resource This study analysed the interventions undertaken in Harare Urban District that contributed to curbing of cholera from 2008 as well as current interventions toward prevention. A mixed method approach was used combining household survey, focus group discussions and interviews. Interventions carried out were of great assistance (awareness and prevention education, provision of temporary and long term water supplies, sanitation and case management) although challenges in terms of mainly resources and coordination were met. Inconsistent funding to carry on with cholera prevention is still a challenge and risk factors are still abounding with some key organisations lacking capacity to act and provide the information to be acted upon. Prevention work is on-going but there is still need to continuously educate people and restore public health infrastructure and build capacity of local authorities, regular surveillance and early detection as well as working with communities to empower them as provided for in the recommendations given by respondents. An all stakeholders workshop is therefore recommended to ensure that resources are pooled together and disaster risk reduction carried out as a way of protecting people’s health and livelihoods. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available African Journal of Science and Research, Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016 Cholera outbreak Darrheal diseases Intervention https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/43b5f24b4f06ef63711bf84a7a4bbf44.pdf 707f34ca476a133c7266dac5cd5b0c7f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Staff Publications Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource PSYCHOLOGICAL CHALLENGES AFFECTING PRIMARY SCHOOL GOING ORPHANS IN WANGANUI COMMUNITY, ZIMBABWE Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource JOHN MBWIRIRE ALBERT MADUBANI Description An account of the resource This study sought to identify psychological challenges affecting primary school orphans in Wanganui Community in Zimbabwe. The study employed a mixed method approach combining questionnaires with teachers and care givers, interview sessions with orphans and in-depth interviews with community social/development worker. The study finds that lack of love, lack of attention and withdrawal were the main signs and symptoms of psychological challenge in the community. The study revealed that the term and symptoms of psychological challenges were understood differently between African context and Western context. The study recommended that action must be taken as soon as possible once the signs and symptoms which include lack of love, lack of attention to rectify the psychological challenges faced by the community Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available NTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC & TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017 academic performance orphans poverty Psychological challenges https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/49270b629582dab98bf01af0c63015e7.pdf 8de32dbf1952179125e7d82bb1f808a9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Staff Publications Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource CONFLICT OVER COVERAGE OF SALARYGATE BY THE PRINT MEDIA: A CASE STUDY OF THE HERALD (JANUARY 2014 TO APRIL 2014) IN ZIMBABWE. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource JOHN MBWIRIRE TIMOTHY KURWA Description An account of the resource This study seeks to analyse the controversial issues about coverage of salarygate by the print media in Zimbabwe by The Herald, and the roles that the media play in curbing the problem. Both quantitative and qualitative data approaches were used to analyse the roles that media play and to analyse the frequency of coverage of corruption issues. Interviews and content analysis were used as research instruments. Among the findings of the study were that the war against corruption cannot be won without the involvement of media. It was also found o ut that the stories lacked legal analysis of the salarygate. That the media plays a crucial role in creating awareness as well as in putting the government in check and pressuring it to prosecute cases that were reported. The study recommended that there was need to enhance the freedom of the press to protect journalists through the law, as well as to ensure more effective and objective reporting of corruption stories and other stories of human interest. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available African Journal of Science and Research, Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016 Corruption and Print media Coverage Media Salarygate https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/0d1093dda417e32bca4212319841e645.Pdf 5c45cbc7b194ffb0a8755ff3e3f67f8b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Staff Publications Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource RELEVANCE AND SUITABILITY OF TRADITIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN PEACEBUILDING AND CONFLICT TRANSFORMATION: A CASE STUDY OF MASHONALAND CENTRAL PROVINCE, ZIMBABWE Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource JOHN MBWIRIRE LIGHTON DUBE Description An account of the resource This study explores the relevance and suitability of traditional institutions in peacebuilding and conflict transformation during the periods 2002-2008 and 2009-2013 in Mashonaland Central Province in Zimbabwe. The study employed a mixed method approach combining questionnaires with community members, focus group discussions with traditional chief`s council members and in-depth interviews with traditional chiefs. The findings indicate that traditional institutions are suitable, relevant and appropriate in maintaining community peace. The study recommended that by becoming apolitical and dealing with political disputes, would enhance and or improve the relevance and suitability of traditional institutions in peacebuilding and conflict transformation in Zimbabwe. Keywords: Traditional institutions peacebuilding. relevance suitability https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/6ccd49c789e468227956d09f559d76a3.Pdf d26de61f1a4de075301c4228d940e964 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Staff Publications Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource CO-OPTING TRADITIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN STATE POLITICS; A CASE STUDY OF MASHONALAND CENTRAL PROVINCE, ZIMBABWE Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource LIGHTON DUBE JOHN MBWIRIRE Description An account of the resource This study was a comparative analysis on the effects of co-opting traditional institutions in state politics focusing on the periods 2002-2008 and 2009-2013 in Mashonaland Central Province in Zimbabwe. The study employed a mixed method approach combining questionnaires with community members, focus group discussions with traditional chief`s council members and in-depth interviews with traditional chiefs. The findings indicate that co-option of traditional institutions in politics negatively affect community peace. The study recommended that traditional institutions should remain apolitical in order to promote peaceful co-existence Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Scholars Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017 co-option community peace politics. Traditional institutions https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/6e96492113f4ad939524a7a2031427a6.pdf 22af68c08c193acc21f4812c970a7069 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Staff Publications Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource UNDERSTANDING CONFLICT AND CONFLICT RESOLUTION METHODS IN ZIMBABWEAN CHURCHES. THE CASE OF BINDURA SALVATION ARMY CITADEL Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource J MBWIRIRE C MASUNUNGURE Description An account of the resource This study sought to assess how congregants at Bindura Salvation Army Citadel understand conflict and conflict resolution methods. The study used a mixed method approach combining focus group discussions, in-depth interviews and congregant’s survey. The study revealed that conflict was understood differently in church, understanding conflict as violence and conflict as misunderstandings. Major causes of church conflicts are doctrine differences, social and political in nature. The major conflict resolution used is counseling, mediation, negotiation and facilitation. Understanding of conflict and conflict resolutions differs on the basis of gender and level of education. The study recommended that conflict and conflict resolution be defined and understood in a way which encompasses views across both gender and education level. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Greener Journal of Social Sciences Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016 conflict conflict resolution. religious conflict Women participation https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/aeea78ef6f9ad82e180a11823949feb4.pdf e4105380e5edadb9b63168daf821d08d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Staff Publications Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource WOMEN’S PARTICIPATION IN RESOLVING CHURCH CONFLICTS. A CASE OF THE SALVATION ARMY, BINDURA CITADEL, ZIMBABWE Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource C MASUNUNGURE J MBWIRIRE Description An account of the resource This study investigates women’s participation in resolving church conflicts. The study used a mixed method approach combining focus group discussions, in-depth interviews and congregants survey. The findings of the study were that women in the Salvation Army Church, Bindura Citadel were actively participating in resolving church conflicts through counseling, mediation, negotiation, and facilitation and by being members of the powerful Pastoral Care Council whose main role was to hear matters referred from the lower echelons of the church. It was established that the church was organized and administered in military style with all congregants referred to as “soldiers” and leadership titles bearing military ranks. The church faced the challenge of male domination due to the patriarchal nature of African and church communities, lack of self confidence and esteem as well as the lack of support from fellow women. The study recommended that women be trained and encouraged to participate and support one another in resolving church conflicts. Furthermore, church policy reforms were recommended to foster women participation Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Greener Journal of Social Sciences Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016 conflict conflict resolution religious conflict Women participation https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/526026079f84874b7f6e31227e2fe02a.pdf 54024bbfceca9db93faf5919b73a331f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Staff Publications Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource TYPES AND KINDS OF PUBLIC POLICY AND PUBLIC POLIC MAKING Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource DR. S. B. M. MARUME PROF. D. NDUDZO E. JARICHA Description An account of the resource S. B. M. Marume [1988 and 2015] argues that from the practical working of any government, be it at local, provincial or regional, national, or international government, public policy and public policy – making takes place at different levels, and at each particular level a somewhat different type of policy is laid down. And it is observed that the activity of policy – making, which commences in a generalized form at the top of an hierarchic pattern, becomes, increasingly particularized as it descends to the lowest levels of the hierarchy of the institution in which it is formed. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Science Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016 and increasingly particularized. public policy public policy – making different levels and types top of an hierarchic pattern