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                <text>&#13;
A CRITICAL ASSESSMENT OF CHALLENGES OF SUSTAINABILITY&#13;
IN THE OPERATIONS OF ANGOLAN NON-GOVERNMENTAL&#13;
ORGANISATIONS (NGOs): A CASE STUDY OF ACTIVITIES OF NGOs SAVE&#13;
THE CHILDREN AND FUNDAÇÃO YME, FROM 2000 TO 2010&#13;
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                <text>FILIPE BULOLA PANGE</text>
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                <text>Non-governmental organisations (NGOs) have gained an important role in development co-&#13;
operation during the last two decades. The development funding channelled through NGOs has&#13;
increased and the number of NGOs engaged in development activities, both in Africa and Asia,&#13;
has been growing. This qualitative case study set out to assess the critical challenges of&#13;
sustainability in the operations of Angolan NGO’s Social activities and the capacity building&#13;
process carried out by the NGO Save the Children and NGO Fundação YME, from 2000 to 2010&#13;
in Angola. This case study research was based on the organisation Save the Children and an&#13;
indigenous organisation, NGO Fundação YME, located and operating in Cabinda, Luanda,&#13;
Benguela, Huila and Namibe provinces of Angola. The aim was to evaluate the following major&#13;
research question: what are the underlying factors in the challenges of sustainability in the&#13;
operations of the national Angolan non-governmental organisations? The sub-questions were:&#13;
Why are foreign NGOs’ operations sustainable while local NGOs’ activities are non-sustainable?&#13;
Why does the challenge of sustainability in their operations continue to mount in indigenous&#13;
2&#13;
NGOs as shown by the non-sustainability of many NGOs in Angola? What are the mechanisms&#13;
or policies for sustainability used by successful NGOs? How do human, material and financial&#13;
factors enhance sustainable development outcomes in NGOs? What opportunities exist in&#13;
Angola for the realisation of sustainability of NGOs? To answer the above questions, a number&#13;
of qualitative methods and techniques were used to collect and analyse data. Among other&#13;
techniques that were used are:&#13;
Focus Group discussions with employees and volunteers, observations, key informant interviews&#13;
with different categories of participants depending on their roles and level of involvement in the&#13;
implementation of NGOs projects and also their experience in the implementation of donor aided&#13;
programs. These discussions were guided by different interviews scheduled with respective&#13;
participants. Conclusions drawn from the empirical study were among others, the major factors&#13;
contributing to the mounting challenges of sustainability of NGOs social activities in Angola,&#13;
were lack of effective leadership in the NGOs, poor strategic planning, poor vision and mission&#13;
statement. This research among others, recommended that there is need to provide for strategic&#13;
planning based on accurate information. Planning and managing the sustainability of NGOs&#13;
requires the availability of accurate and timely information that links together resource inputs to&#13;
NGO managerial outputs and process and appropriate indicators of the knowledge, skills, and&#13;
values acquired by the employees. Therefore, it was recommended that efforts should be made to&#13;
provide among others support reforms that focus on job training and management outcomes.</text>
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                <text>ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY </text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>2014</text>
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        <name>non-governmental organisations</name>
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        <name>sustainable development</name>
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                <text>PREDICTING THE SPATIAL DETERMINANTS OF HUMAN–ELEPHANT&#13;
CONFLICT IN HWANGE DISTRICT&#13;
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                <text>FARAI MADZIMURE</text>
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                <text>This study predicted the spatial determinants of human-elephant conflict in Victoria Falls town,&#13;
Hwange West communal area and the resettlement areas of Don Rovin, Mubiya and Kalala. The&#13;
study covered an elephant range of 4377km2. The non-experimental quantitative research design&#13;
was adopted for the study. Garmin GPS receiver, digitizing and observation instruments were&#13;
employed for collecting human-elephant conflict location data and spatial factors. Overlay&#13;
analysis was used to combine human-elephant conflict location data with the distance maps of&#13;
predictive spatial factors in ILWIS. Logistic regression was used to relate human-elephant&#13;
conflict data and distance values of predictive factors in SPSS. In Victoria Falls town, results&#13;
indicated that human-elephant conflict probability could be predicted significantly using distance&#13;
from the park boundary and settlements. Distance from the forest and elephants routes&#13;
significantly explained human-elephant conflict in the communal area of Hwange West. Human-&#13;
elephant conflict was significantly related with distance from the forest in the Resettlement areas.&#13;
These results suggest that the most important predictor of human-elephant conflict on this&#13;
particular landscape is distance from protected areas. Implementation of effective conflict&#13;
resolution strategies for the three areas requires stakeholders to take cognisance of the spatial&#13;
factors which are related to human-elephant conflict. In Victoria Falls town, results imply that if&#13;
elephants and humans are to co-exist with minimal conflict, there is need for land use planners to&#13;
focus on developing mitigatory measures which deter elephants to move freely from the park to&#13;
the residential areas. A deterrent method such as the installation of electric fence around Victoria&#13;
Falls town has a great potential of preventing elephants from entering settlements and&#13;
minimising human-elephant conflict. Such an approach is critical as results indicated that&#13;
distance from the park boundary significantly predict human-elephant conflict in Victoria Falls&#13;
town. Alternatively, town planners can consider vertical expansion of the built up area to prevent&#13;
encroaching into the park. For Hwange communal and resettlement areas, land use planners&#13;
should prevent settlement patterns that leave crop fields vulnerable to crop raiding. In Hwange&#13;
communal area, planning the position of fences and other human-elephant conflict measures&#13;
should consider the position of elephant routes. Alternatively, land use planners can consider&#13;
allocating land to other uses besides settlements and agriculture. Integrating the spatial&#13;
determinants of human-elephant conflict with land use planning has a great potential of offering&#13;
permanent solutions to the conflict problem. Further research should be conducted on monitoring&#13;
elephant movement patterns in the area using satellite linked GPS collars. This information can&#13;
enhance our understanding of the routes used by elephants when they move around the&#13;
settlements. This enhances our understanding of how elephants interact with spatial human land&#13;
use and natural factors. Such information is crucial in designing effective human-elephant&#13;
conflict resolution measures.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="1947">
                <text>ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="1948">
                <text>2017</text>
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                <text>AN EXPLORATION OF PERSONAL EXPERIENCES OF DEAF PEOPLE IN ACCESSING,&#13;
PARTICIPATING AND COMPLETING HIGHER EDUCATION IN ZIMBABWE&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>PHILLIPA MUTSWANGA</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="1951">
                <text>The study qualitatively employed the phenomenology design to explore the&#13;
experiences of the 32 participants selected through snowballing and purposive&#13;
sampling to establish the extent to which Zimbabwean Universities enabled deaf&#13;
people to access, participate and successfully complete their studies. Point of&#13;
saturation determined the sample size. Access to higher education [HE] is&#13;
currently recognised as a bridge to a fulfilling life for all people but its applicability&#13;
to deaf people was reported by several studies as insignificant despite the&#13;
influences of robust legislations. Narratives, in-depth interviews, non-participant&#13;
observations, focus group discussions and document analysis were used to&#13;
collect data which was further thematically analysed. Emerging patterns and&#13;
themes were then generated and triangulated to augment the findings.&#13;
Augmentation made the data trustworthy and creditable although its&#13;
generalisability was not representative enough because of the sample size, a&#13;
limitation which triangulation took care of. The findings were guided by the social&#13;
justice principles of the ubuntu philosophy and the symbiotic transformative&#13;
theory. The study participants argued that institutions of higher education did not&#13;
include deaf people [PWDs] in their plans and that benchmarked the formidable&#13;
barriers which made their participation remain insignificant. However, the study&#13;
noted other contributing factors as; unfocused visions of universities,&#13;
inappropriate teaching styles, unfriendly infrastructures, negative attitudes and&#13;
styles of leadership. Furthermore, deaf participants felt that universities’&#13;
deliberate delay to respond to their applications was meant to frustrate them and&#13;
make them lose hope in persuing the status of their applications. The study&#13;
recommended that universities should redevelop their policies and provisions&#13;
with deaf people in mind. Further studies recommended that monitoring tools be&#13;
design as a measure to determine the preparedness of universities to deaf&#13;
applicants.&#13;
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                <text>ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY </text>
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                <text>2016</text>
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        <name>Disability</name>
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                <text>ACCESS TO TERTIARY EDUCATION AS A NATIONAL STRATEGY&#13;
FOR DEVELOPMENT:&#13;
THE ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY CASE&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>PRIMROSE KURASHA</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Development suggests a change of an irreversible nature, the characteristics of which are determined by&#13;
that which is being developed. This involves moving from an existing to an end state, through a process&#13;
(R.S. Peters and Hirst). As African countries seek to develop, the production of an enlightened or&#13;
educated community becomes critical. This development seeks to address the challenges of poverty,&#13;
conflict, disease (HIV/AIDS), to name but a few, at national, community, family and individual levels.</text>
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                <text>ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY</text>
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                <text>2003</text>
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        <name>national development</name>
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        <name>Tertiary education</name>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="1959">
                <text>AN ASSESSMENT OF THE EXCHANGE RATE POLICY IN MOZAMBIQUE&#13;
FOR THE SUSTAINABILITY OF THE ECONOMY DURING 2000 - 2010&#13;
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                <text>LUIS CIPRIANO HERCULANO QUEPE</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>This study presents an assessment of the exchange rate policy, for sustainability of the&#13;
economy for Mozambique. The study covers the period (2000-2010). It begins with a&#13;
review of literature on the exchange rate policy and provides an updated background in&#13;
the Mozambican economy</text>
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                <text>ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY</text>
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                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="1964">
                <text>AN ANALYSIS OF THE FACTORS INFLUENCING THE&#13;
EXCLUSION OF NON-FORMAL WORKERS FROM&#13;
THE MOZAMBICAN SOCIAL PROTECTION&#13;
SYSTEM&#13;
</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="1965">
                <text>DIONÍSIO CALISTO RECAMA</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>This thesis was an analysis of the factors influencing the exclusion of the non-formal workers&#13;
from the Mozambique Social Protection System (MSPS). It aimed at finding mechanisms&#13;
through which the MSPS could become more comprehensive and inclusive. The social&#13;
protection system only accommodates employees from the formal sector of the economy, which&#13;
constitutes the minority of the economically active population (EAP) and also of the&#13;
Mozambican people. So, in more than 25 million of Mozambicans, of which more than 15&#13;
million are above 15 years and are EAP, of which more than 87% are out of the formal sector&#13;
and, consequently, excluded from the MSPS. In this context, the research looked out to&#13;
understand why the MSPS excludes the non-formal workers? What are the implications of this&#13;
exclusion of the non-formal workers? How the excluded workers survive in situations of illness,&#13;
invalidity, old age or death? Which mechanisms can be adopted in order to make the MSPS&#13;
more comprehensive and inclusive? To constitute the sample, it was recurred to non-probability&#13;
sampling in its convenience and purpose type, in which had employees of the National Institute&#13;
for Social Security (NISS), Municipality Council of Maputo City (MCMC), non-formal&#13;
professional associations responsible and the non-formal workers, as the research participants.&#13;
To generate data, to the sample elements, the researcher administered a questionnaire and&#13;
interview containing closed and open-ended questions. To analyse and discuss data, it was&#13;
delimited to the use of interpretivism or constructivism approach in qualitative methodology.&#13;
For presentation, analysis and discussion, it was confined to the use of technical charts and&#13;
contends analysis. As guiding theories, the study recurred to the social protection and social&#13;
network theories. Through the use of the qualitative methodology, philosophy, procedures and&#13;
theories above, it was perceived that the MSPS managed by the NISS did not include the non-&#13;
formal workers because it lacked administrative organisation to include and manage them and&#13;
because bureaucratic aspects. The NISS considered all workers that were not working at&#13;
enterprises as the non-formal, without resources to contribute to the social protection system&#13;
and difficult to find them. However, some of them were salaried, clearly locatable, with enough&#13;
financial income to contribute to the system. Moreover, some of them were continuously in&#13;
relationship with some public institutions, namely, Ministry of Economy and Finance (MEF),&#13;
Ministry of Industry and Trade (MIT), MCMC and National Institute for Statistics (NIS), which&#13;
licensed and afterwards, collected fees and tax, interacted constantly and collected important&#13;
information from them, and so on. Therefore, this exclusion, besides having no objectively real&#13;
and valid reasons, condemned these non-formal workers to social and economic vulnerability in&#13;
the future when they are at social and economic risk, such as maternity, sickness, invalidity, old&#13;
age and/or death. To minimise the impact of these situations, the excluded workers adopted&#13;
informal systems for social security or constitute professional associations, through which they&#13;
face the maternity, illness, invalidity, old age and death difficulties. That is why the NISS must:&#13;
(1) develop strategic tools for the institutional management, by which should be guided in all its&#13;
actions to cover all workers, the formal or non-formal; for that, the NISS can (2) create&#13;
partnership with the non-formal professional associations and public institutions which interact&#13;
with them, because they know who and where are then, their financial and economic conditions;&#13;
(3) consolidate the use of Information and Communications Technologies (ICTs) to facilitate&#13;
the scanning and electronic storage process of historical information of the (not)submitted&#13;
contributions to reduce the contribution evasion and inactivity of employers and workers; and&#13;
(4) develop a training plan for their employees to identify with the strategic objectives and&#13;
challenges of the institution, just to mention a few proposals. Finally, Also, it is necessary to do&#13;
a feasibility study for (1) reimbursement of the Mozambican state with respect to its&#13;
contribution rate of the non-formal workers and other segments hitherto excluded; (2) create&#13;
fiscal mechanism to provide social pensions non-contributory, i.e., welfare pensions; (3) show&#13;
the possibility to define and regulate an explicit mechanism and purpose of upgrading the&#13;
amount of benefits that can be accrued from engaging non-formal workers into the social&#13;
protection system.</text>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1967">
                <text>ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1968">
                <text>2018</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="900">
        <name>non-formal workers</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="899">
        <name>social protection</name>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1969">
                <text>CHALLENGES TO THE CENTRALITY OF TEACHING PRACTICE IN THE STUDENT TEACHERS’&#13;
PROFESSIONAL GROWTH AND COMPETENT CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT IN THE MIDLANDS&#13;
PROVINCE OF ZIMBABWE&#13;
&#13;
</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1970">
                <text>ROSEMARY CHRISTINE NGARA</text>
              </elementText>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1971">
                <text>The study endeavoured to investigate the nature of student teacher experiences and&#13;
challenges they faced when doing Teaching Practice (TP). Additionally, the study aimed to&#13;
propose ways by which problems in Teaching Practice could be overcome to enable&#13;
teacher educators and students to attain the desired outcomes from teaching practice in a&#13;
comprehensive and effective manne</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1972">
                <text>ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1973">
                <text>2015</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
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    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="901">
        <name>classroom management</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="371">
        <name>teaching practice</name>
      </tag>
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  </item>
  <item itemId="325" public="1" featured="0">
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          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1974">
                <text>INDIGENOUS MEDICINAL KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER AMONG THE MAUNGWE PEOPLE: MAKONI&#13;
DISTRICT - ZIMBABWE&#13;
&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1975">
                <text>&#13;
GIFT RUPANDE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1976">
                <text>The study interrogated the intergenerational transfer of indigenous medicinal knowledge and&#13;
the psychology underpinning indigenous healing among the Maungwe people of Makoni&#13;
District. The overarching research question was how do indigenous medical practitioners&#13;
(IMPs) transfer the knowledge of indigenous medicines to the younger generation? Limited&#13;
studies on establishing factors which affect transfer of indigenous medicinal knowledge&#13;
(IMK) were done. The transactional communication model, the Afrocentric and the social&#13;
learning theories were the theoretical frameworks used in this study. The researcher adopted&#13;
interpretivism as the philosophy underpinning this qualitative study and relativist ontology.&#13;
The researcher adopted the multi-sited ethnography as a research design. The sample&#13;
consisted of three focus groups, each comprising of five participants and ten IMPs. Data&#13;
generation methods used were in-depth interviews, focus group discussions and observations.&#13;
Results of this study could be significant to organizations such as Zimbabwe National&#13;
Traditional Healers Association (ZINATHA), the medical fraternity, policy makers, Makoni&#13;
community, and researchers. Transfer of IMK is through apprenticeship training by the parent&#13;
or relative or through the teachings of the grandparents at the “Dare” (the meeting place) or&#13;
through observations. Ancestor initiated dreams; apprenticeship as well as being taken and&#13;
taught indigenous medicines by the mermaid under water are some of the ways of acquiring&#13;
IMK. The conclusions from this study showed that IMK is mainly in the hands of healers and&#13;
elders who are in their late forties and older. Christianity, lack of documentation of&#13;
indigenous medical practices, modernity, the disintegration of the extended family, and&#13;
secrecy of indigenous medical practitices, are some of the factors which were found to be&#13;
negatively affecting intergenerational transfer of IMK. The study recommends that IMPs&#13;
should document IMK so that this knowledge is not lost to future generations. IMPs should&#13;
not be over retentive with IMK for the benefit of the youth and other members of the society.</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1977">
                <text>ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1978">
                <text>2019</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
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    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="223">
        <name>Indigenous Knowledge</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="38">
        <name>Indigenous Knowledge Systems</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="326" public="1" featured="0">
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="70">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="1979">
                <text>INVESTIGATING COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION DYNAMICS IN EDUCATION: THE CASE FOR MANICALAND PROVINCE - ZIMBABWE</text>
              </elementText>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1980">
                <text> MESHECK GODFREY SANGO</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1981">
                <text>Community participation has been adopted world wide as a means for improving the&#13;
quality of basic education in primary schools. The aim of this study was to investigate&#13;
how community participation dynamics influenced quality of basic education in rural&#13;
primary schools in Zimbabwe.&#13;
To begin with, insights were drawn from a review of literature that focussed on local&#13;
and international perspectives on community participation in providing education.&#13;
Literature revealed that community participation had some influence on quality of&#13;
basic education provided by schools. However, literature had also warned that the&#13;
relationship between community participation and provision of quality basic&#13;
education by primary schools was not an automatic one.&#13;
In carrying out this study, a qualitative paradigm was adopted and subsequently a&#13;
qualitative multiple case study design provided the methodological framework that&#13;
guided the study. The research sites were selected on the basis of relevancy to&#13;
purpose of the study as well as convenience of access to the researcher. Data were&#13;
generated through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. Additional data&#13;
were gathered through non participant observation and scrutinising of relevant&#13;
documents in the selected primary schools. A grounded theory approach in which&#13;
themes were identified was used in analysing the research data.&#13;
The study found out that community participation was being influenced by economic&#13;
and financial dynamics, social dynamics, as well as cultural dynamics and&#13;
subsequently had some negative influence on various aspects of the quality of basic&#13;
education provided by the rural primary schools. Thus, the communities had not&#13;
provided adequate support on essential educational inputs, teaching and learning&#13;
processes, and on improving the scope of the primary schools’ curriculum.&#13;
And, based on these findings, recommendations to facilitate positive influence of&#13;
community participation on quality of basic education were made. There was need&#13;
for community level mediation by Ministry of education representatives from district&#13;
level offices to balance up financial participation among community members of&#13;
different income levels. In addition, the study recommended that the primary schools&#13;
could organise community participation orientation programmes for all new parents&#13;
joining them. And, schools could also create time for children to engage in school&#13;
organised study sessions in which they could do their ‘home work’ at school.</text>
              </elementText>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1982">
                <text>ZOU</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1983">
                <text>2014</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
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    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="903">
        <name>Community dymamics</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="902">
        <name>Community participation</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="193">
        <name>Education</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="327" public="1" featured="0">
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        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/8feeb622dbbcb26daaded0ba05cac3a0.pdf</src>
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        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="66">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1984">
                <text>SUPPORT STRUCTURES FOR SMALL TO MEDIUM&#13;
ENTERPRISES AND THEIR POTENCY&#13;
IN EMPLOYMENT CREATION IN&#13;
GREATER MAPUTO&#13;
&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1985">
                <text>ALEN GEOFFREY SAWAYA</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1986">
                <text>Small and Medium Enterprises are globally credited for creating employment especially for&#13;
the youth, and to an extent, contributing to the gross domestic product of nations.&#13;
Unemployment is a scourge in Mozambique and small and medium enterprises are seen as a&#13;
solution to this universal economic problem. The study sought to answer a fundamental&#13;
research question; first, whether or not the support structures from financial institutions,&#13;
government agencies, large firms and non-governmental organizations are sufficient for&#13;
sustainable development and growth of small and medium enterprises, and second, whether&#13;
small and medium enterprises that have received support, contribute to reducing&#13;
unemployment in Greater Maputo. The study adopted the quantitative approach employing&#13;
questionnaires as tools for data collection. The sample was chosen from the population of&#13;
small and medium enterprises in Maputo using stratified random sampling method. A total&#13;
of 550 respondents were selected from the seven administrative districts of Greater Maputo&#13;
and the interviews were conducted using the face to face method employing structured,&#13;
close ended questionnaires. The study found that support afforded to small and medium&#13;
enterprises was too little for the sustainable development of this important sector of the&#13;
economy. The major Achilles‘ heel among small and medium enterprises development was&#13;
not the lack of entrepreneurial drive, rather subdued competitiveness. The study&#13;
recommended that proactive steps be implemented to support small and medium enterprises&#13;
in Greater Maputo, especially manufacturing enterprises. Financial institutions, government&#13;
agencies, large firms and non-governmental organizations should take positive action to&#13;
supports especially start-up firms as they are the source of employment creation</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1987">
                <text>ZOU</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1988">
                <text>2014</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
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    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="904">
        <name>Employment creation</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="868">
        <name>small to medium scale enterprises</name>
      </tag>
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                <text>ACHIEVING QUALITY THROUGH BENCHMARKING IN ODL INSTITUTIONS OF&#13;
HIGHER LEARNING: A CASE STUDY OF ODL INSTITUTIONS IN THE SADC REGION&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>There was a lot of interaction about benchmarking in institutions of higher learning, but there&#13;
seemed to be no clarity on whether these institutions shared an understanding of the&#13;
benchmarking concept. There also did not seem to be a clear comprehension of what criteria the&#13;
institutions employed to measure benchmarking as a determinant of quality in higher education.&#13;
This lack of clarity motivated the study, and the motivation was irrevocably strengthened by the&#13;
encouragement some governments and international organisations made to their national&#13;
institutions of higher learning to adopt benchmarking as a quality enhancement mechanism. The&#13;
qualitative paradigm was adopted as it enabled the researcher to carry out an in-depth&#13;
interrogation of benchmarking practices in the study. The case study method facilitated the&#13;
researcher’s interaction with the benchmarking phenomenon within the context of the institution.&#13;
The population of the study was composed of all the ODL institutions in the SADC region, from&#13;
which a sample of three institutions, from three countries, was chosen. An average of five&#13;
participants was purposively selected from each institution because they possessed the required&#13;
data and these came from the ranks of Senior Management, Middle Management and Lower&#13;
Management. The researcher used in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, document&#13;
analysis and observation to generate the requisite data. The generated data were coded, analysed&#13;
and interpreted to arrive at findings and conclusions. The three institutions consciously practised&#13;
benchmarking. However, the institutions practised a different type of benchmarking from the&#13;
approaches contained in the review of related literature. The employees of one institution visited&#13;
other institutions on staff exchange programmes, as assessors and markers and to attend&#13;
academic gatherings at which information, experiences and new insights were shared. The&#13;
institutions belonged to professional associations for collaborative benchmarking purposes and&#13;
shared a common understanding of benchmarking. It was concluded that the three institutions of&#13;
higher learning consciously practised benchmarking but the practice was not formalised and not&#13;
documented, leading to the absence of a feedback loop. As a way forward, the three institutions,&#13;
and others, needed to formalise and institutionalise their benchmarking practices, and create a&#13;
feedback loop</text>
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                <text>WORKPLACE COUNSELLING AS A REMEDY FOR BURNOUT:&#13;
A CASE STUDY OF OPERATIONAL NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANISATION SECTOR&#13;
RESPONDING TO EMERGENCIES IN MIDLANDS REGION OF ZIMBABWE&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>SHEPHERD SHUMBA</text>
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                <text>The study investigated whether workplace counselling was a remedy for burnout&#13;
which operational nongovernmental organisation (NGO) employees experience. The&#13;
study was prompted by the fact that in Zimbabwe there is no recommended solution&#13;
to the problem of burnout. This study was premised on the qualitative research design&#13;
rooted in the interpretivist paradigm and was conducted in four operational NGOs&#13;
responding to humanitarian emergencies in Midlands Region of Zimbabwe. The&#13;
sample was made up of 8 participants from management, 22 employees from field&#13;
staff to get a total of 30 participants purposively sampled. Data were generated&#13;
through open ended questionnaires, interviews, observation and document analysis.&#13;
Ethical considerations were met through seeking permission and informed consent&#13;
from the selected NGOs and participants. Grounded theory was used as the basis for&#13;
the analysis. The results were centred on four themes which were causes of burnout,&#13;
current methods being used to prevent and treat burnout and their shortfalls and&#13;
counselling as a means to deal with burnout. The findings showed that participants&#13;
knew what burnout is and indicated that it is characterised by exhaustion, lack of&#13;
enthusiasm and motivation and feeling 'drained. Findings on causes of burnout&#13;
indicated that overworking and irrational thinking were some of the major causes of&#13;
burnout. The research results also indicated that burnout negatively affects&#13;
employees, resulting in diminished accomplishments, reduced efficacy, absenteeism,&#13;
physical illness, reduced commitment and professionalism. On current methods of&#13;
treatment of burnout, results indicate that employees largely rely on generic&#13;
counselling, natural approach and medication. However, participants pointed out that&#13;
burnout cannot be treated by medicine since it is not an infectious illness. Moreso,&#13;
drugs cannot change irrational thinking that promotes burnout and drugs whip the&#13;
adrenals. Findings showed that counselling can treat burnout through behaviour&#13;
modification and change in lifestyle. Hence, it can be concluded that counseling is a&#13;
remedy for burnout. The first key recommendation is that workplace counselling&#13;
should be provided by NGOs to employees as a remedy to burnout that employees&#13;
experience and counselling should be theory driven for it to be effective and&#13;
professional. I further recommend that medical treatment be used to treat symptoms&#13;
of burnout.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="1997">
                <text>ZOU</text>
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                <text>2017</text>
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                <text>i&#13;
STRATEGIES TO ENHANCE TEACHER MOTIVATION IN SATELLITE&#13;
SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN THE RESETTLEMENT AREAS OF MATABELELAND&#13;
NORTH PROVINCE&#13;
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                <text>FUNGAI SITHOLE</text>
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                <text>The main purpose of this study was to determine strategies to improve satellite school teachers’&#13;
performance and their job satisfaction in the resettlement areas of Matabeleland North Province.&#13;
The study was guided be the following three objectives: To determine factors affecting&#13;
motivation among teachers in secondary satellite schools in Matabeleland North Province; To&#13;
establish the effects of teacher motivation on job satisfaction and performance among teachers at&#13;
secondary satellite schools in Matabeleland North resettlement; To identify motivation strategies,&#13;
that can be employed to enhance teachers’ job satisfaction and performance in secondary satellite&#13;
schools in the resettlement areas of Matabeleland North Province. A multiple case study Method&#13;
was used in the study. A sample of 22 participants was selected carefully from the target&#13;
population using a homogenous, purposive sampling method. The 22 participants comprised 15&#13;
teachers (5 per school) who took part in Focus Group Discussions (FGDs).Interviews included 2&#13;
Teachers in Charge (TICs), 3 District Education Officers and 2 teachers’ representatives (one&#13;
from PTUZ and the other one from ZIMTA). Three FDGs of five participants per group and&#13;
seven interviews with the Teachers in Charge of the schools were conducted. The D.E.Os, as&#13;
well as teachers' representatives were among the interviewed participants. When I was analysing&#13;
the data, I read repeatedly the transcripts. Preliminary themes were then identified, and classified&#13;
the quotations according to themes. The quotations were then discussed making an analytic&#13;
comparison to arrive at an interpretation and conclusion. The major findings were: Lack of&#13;
appropriate teachers’ accommodation; lack of staff rooms and classrooms; economic factors;&#13;
lack of teaching and learning resources; unfair treatment by mother schools; Health and safety;&#13;
transport infrastructure; water and sanitation; availability of shops and police stations; calibre of&#13;
pupils, social factor, government policies and work overload. Major conclusions were: the&#13;
government should directly allocate resources to satellite schools without allocating via the&#13;
mother schools; satellite school teachers deserved economic incentives due to the hardships they&#13;
were experiencing. Major recommendations were that: the Ministry of Primary and Secondary&#13;
Education should provide resources direct to these satellite schools rather than allocating&#13;
indirectly through the mother schools; the communities should find means of developing their&#13;
satellite schools and not wait up to the government. The study is summarised by a 7 points&#13;
teachers' motivation model which suggests that teachers' job satisfaction and performance in&#13;
satellite schools could be attained if the following motivational factors are observed:&#13;
accommodation; teaching and learning resources; remuneration; social factors as well as health&#13;
and safety. The main recommendation was that the responsible Ministry should adequately&#13;
motivate satellite school teachers so as to enhance their job satisfaction and performance.</text>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2002">
                <text>ZOU</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2003">
                <text>2017</text>
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        <name>Resettlement areas</name>
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                <text>ENTREPRENEURSHIP CURRICULUM IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES IN&#13;
ZIMBABWEAN UNIVERSITIES&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>STEPHEN MWENJE</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2006">
                <text>The thesis evaluated entrepreneurship curriculum implementation in Zimbabwean&#13;
universities. The thesis was prompted by shortfalls in capacitating students to create&#13;
entrepreneurial opportunities. The thesis was informed by the philosophy of pragmatism&#13;
and underpinned by theories of opportunity discovery and creation. Review of related&#13;
literature brought evidence on applicability of opportunity discovery and creation&#13;
theories. The study was a mixed method research that adopted a concurrent mixed&#13;
methods design. The population comprised of students and lecturers in 16 universities in&#13;
Zimbabwe. Two parallel samples were used. The quantitative sample was stratified and&#13;
random, with 94 lecturers and 235 students from all programmes, while the qualitative&#13;
sample was purposive, comprising lecturers and students from entrepreneurship degree&#13;
programmes. Questionnaires collected data for the quantitative inquiry while semi-&#13;
structured interviews and documentary reviews generated data for the qualitative inquiry.&#13;
Descriptive statistics presented and analysed quantitative data while thematic analysis&#13;
was used on qualitative data. Validity and reliability validated quantitative methods,&#13;
while trustworthiness validated qualitative methods. Triangulation synthesised theories&#13;
and methods while bracketing and member checking guided researcher’s values. Results&#13;
established limited incorporation of entrepreneurship curriculum into degree&#13;
programmes. Curriculum strategies were deficient in generating venture creation. The&#13;
study concluded that degree programmes fell short in capacitating students to search and&#13;
create entrepreneurial opportunities. The study proposed a model to incorporate&#13;
entrepreneurship curriculum into degree programmes. The study recommended that&#13;
university senates, deans and chairpersons develop action oriented entrepreneurship&#13;
curriculum. The study recommended research that consider university mandates.</text>
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                <text>ZOU</text>
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                <text>2018</text>
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        <name>curriculum implementation</name>
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        <name>Enterprenuership</name>
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        <name>strategies</name>
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        <name>Zimbabwean Universities</name>
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                <text>A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE POTENTIAL FOR CEREAL&#13;
PRODUCTION IN THE CENTRAL REGION OF MOZAMBIQUE</text>
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                <text>ARMINDO TAMBO</text>
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                <text>The study addressed the challenges of low cereal production in the Central Region of&#13;
Mozambique. There is a persistent low level cereal production as evidenced by acute hunger&#13;
prevailing in the region, despite the condusive environment, example favourable climatic&#13;
conditions and good fertile soil for cereal production in this region.&#13;
The study sought to close the knowledge gap left by the scarcity of research in this area. More&#13;
specifically, this study investigated the main causative factors for the low production of cereals&#13;
in this part of the country. The study utilized the qualitative research paradigm, and multiple&#13;
technical methods were used in the investigation including interviews, field observation,&#13;
document review, questionnaires and group discussion as the main method of data collection.&#13;
Data were analysed and categorized for common themes and patterns. The central theme of the&#13;
analysis highlights the overall cereal production of the central region of Mozambique in relation&#13;
to the other regions. The findings revealed that cereal production in the central region of&#13;
Mozambique is very low due to a number of different interrelated number of factors, among&#13;
others lack of new or modern farming techniques such as irrigation, use of high yielding varieties&#13;
of seeds and utilization of mechanical power for cultivation of cereals on a large scale.&#13;
The concluding discussion addresses the implications for improving training approaches to&#13;
farmers, to help them develop valid and coherent personal-practical theories that match with&#13;
production reality. It also concludes that grain production in the central region of Mozambique is&#13;
low due to lack of new technologies, lack of quality seed, lack of funding for this sector by&#13;
government and gross under utilization of natural resources as most of the work is done&#13;
manually hence low grain production.&#13;
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                <text>CHALLENGES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF SPORT IN UNIVERSITIES IN ZIMBABWE&#13;
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                <text>This study was on the challenges encountered in the management of sport in universities in&#13;
Zimbabwe and how these could be overcome. The purpose of the study was to create a&#13;
conducive environment for the development of university students sport. The study was&#13;
prompted by experiences of the researcher as a sports administrator, and also by reports that&#13;
confirmed the various challenges encountered in the management of sport in universities in&#13;
Zimbabwe. The challenges compromised the quality of performance of Zimbabwean&#13;
university sports teams at regional and international tournaments. During the study a mixed&#13;
methods approach, of both qualitative and quantitative paradigms, was employed, making it a&#13;
pragmatic approach, although the quantitative paradigm was dominant. The population of the&#13;
study was the Sports Directors of the eleven universities that were affiliated to the Zimbabwe&#13;
Universities Sports Association (ZUSA). The Sports Directors were chosen by purposive&#13;
sampling and responded to a questionnaire. Sports Team Captains, were also involved as&#13;
respondents to a different questionnaire. Students’ team coaches were involved as focus&#13;
group participants. The population also included players, supporters, officials and&#13;
administrators at the venues of the ZUSA Games. These were for observation purposes.&#13;
Opportunistic overt observations were done at three different venues of university games&#13;
over a period of one calendar year. These included one preliminary game, one ball games&#13;
final and one athletics final. The study found that management of sport in universities&#13;
encountered challenges that were related to lack of funding for sport, which generally&#13;
affected provision of resources; behaviour related challenges like cheating and indiscipline;&#13;
poor administration and lack of professionalism by coaches, officials and players. Besides,&#13;
attitude-related challenges among some university authorities, which led to trivialization of&#13;
university sport indicated by absence of clear sports policies and committees that represented&#13;
sport and, in some cases, lack of sports levy or specific funds. All these challenges negatively&#13;
affected the quality of university sport, thereby compromising performance of Zimbabwean&#13;
athletes at regional and international sports tournaments because the sport environment was&#13;
not conducive to the development of students sport. The study concluded that the various&#13;
challenges could be overcome by serious involvement and unity of purpose by all&#13;
iii&#13;
stakeholders who are the university authorities, sport management, sport officials, national&#13;
sports associations, the corporate world, alumni, the players themselves and the government&#13;
through various relevant departments. These should ensure that funding is availed for&#13;
university sport development and that formulation of effective policies on sport and their&#13;
implementation is done. Furthermore, the study established that there was need for sport&#13;
management, officiating and coaching workshops to improve university sport. Change of&#13;
attitudes through sports education would also go a long way in ensuring support and&#13;
participation that is indispensable in university sport</text>
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                  <text>Department of Physical Education and Sport</text>
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                <text>FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO INJURIES AMONG HANDBALL PLAYERS&#13;
IN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS: A CASE STUDY OF MASVINGO PROVINCE,&#13;
ZIMBABWE.&#13;
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                <text>CHIMONERO PRINCE</text>
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                <text>Sport injury has become an inescapable occupational menace in physical and sporting circles&#13;
due to the current high entry of people into sport for competition and entertainment reasons.&#13;
This inclination has seen a shift of interest from therapeutic process towards more of injury&#13;
protective mechanisms with regard to players’ physical uprightness. This study aimed at&#13;
identifying the main risk factors that contributed to injury occurrence during training and&#13;
competition in Masvingo Province tertiary handball between 2014 and 2015. It sought to&#13;
determine and examine the relationships between external and athlete-triggered risk factors,&#13;
injury outcomes and their impact on player performance. This study was an epidemiological&#13;
prospective cohort design with 153 college players, 18-30 years drawn from ten male and&#13;
female handball teams of Masvingo Province. It was conducted with the view to recommend&#13;
plausible preventive safe playing environments from the existing high cumulative injury&#13;
incidences players experienced. A total of 242 incidental injuries players sustained were from&#13;
contact and non-contact situations. Contact injuries were greater in matches than training in&#13;
both gender but with high figures being reported in females than men. Most injuries were&#13;
located in lower limb than upper limb appendages. The most vulnerable sites were the knee,&#13;
ankle/foot, shoulder, wrist, fingers, elbow and hip. The principal injury mechanisms that&#13;
significantly contributed to injury sustenance were plant and cutting, shooting, blocking,&#13;
turning, landing and dribbling. Findings were that injury occurrence is related to the interface&#13;
between externally and athlete-related risk factors implying that injury occurrence is not&#13;
confined to a single inciting factor, but to a host of variables. Handball training regimes need&#13;
to focus on basic proprioceptive, sensomotoric, and neuromuscular aspects to address the&#13;
frequently injured body limps. Exercise-based injury prevention programs, education on&#13;
injury aetiology, identification of injury trends and situational risk factors, should be&#13;
iii&#13;
practically instituted and ingrained as correctional concerns by coaches and associations in&#13;
handball.</text>
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                <text>2016</text>
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                  <text>Department of Educational Studies</text>
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                <text>TOWARDS ACHIEVING QUALITY EDUCATION&#13;
IN POST COLONIAL ZIMBABWE: CHALLENGES&#13;
AND OPPORTUNITIES: A CASE STUDY OF&#13;
BANKWE CLUSTER IN MBERENGWA&#13;
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                <text>GEORGE NERVOUS SHAVA</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>The thesis presented to the Zimbabwe Open University grew out of the concerned efforts and&#13;
contributions of multiple actors who made their contributions some without knowing the&#13;
significance of their participation. I am especially indebted to my Supervisor Dr. Njini,&#13;
former Zimbabwe Open University Regional Director for Matabeleland North and my Co-&#13;
Supervisor Dr. Chaibva from the National University of Science and Technology. I wish to&#13;
Thank them for their support and contributions in the preparation of this documen</text>
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                <text>2011</text>
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        <name>Education</name>
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        <name>Post-colonial Zimbabwe</name>
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        <name>Quality assurance</name>
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                <text>STRATEGIES OF DEVELOPING CONFLICT RESOLUTION SKILLS&#13;
FOR ENHANCING TEACHING, LEARNING AND PEACE IN&#13;
ZIMBABWEAN PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN THE MIDLANDS&#13;
PROVINCE: A CASE STUDY OF GWERU AND SHURUGWI&#13;
DISTRICTS.&#13;
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                <text>THONDHLANA SAIDEN</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>The main objective of the study was to establish the extent to which the development of&#13;
Conflict Resolution Skills was being fostered in the Gweru and Shurugwi District Primary&#13;
Schools. The study was triggered by the observed conflict among teachers and students and&#13;
there appeared a need for conflict resolution skills development among primary school&#13;
leadership, teachers and children in the districts under study. Indicators showed that teachers&#13;
and school heads needed training in conflictresolution, there was lack of acomprehensive&#13;
conflict resolution programme in primary schools. Religion and culture appeared to play a&#13;
divisive role in conflict resolution. Therefore, the purpose of this study wasto find out the&#13;
extent to which conflict resolution skills development was being fostered in primary schools.&#13;
The study was grounded in interpretive paradigm and used a case study design to understand&#13;
the phenomenon. Documentary analysis, open ended questionnaires, focus group and in-depth&#13;
interviews were used to collect data. The purposive sampling and snowballing techniques&#13;
were used to identify participants who included 30 school heads, 227 teachers, 180 children, 2&#13;
district education officers, 2 conflict resolution experts, 20 student teachers and 3 teachers’&#13;
college lecturers. The study was underpinned in the strategies of conflict resolution skills&#13;
development theories. The theories advocated for the use of strategies such as establishing a&#13;
cooperative context, negotiation, peer mediation, arbitration, use of the curriculum, academic&#13;
controversy, whole school cultural change, cultural exploration, use of a religious framework&#13;
and resorting to multiculturalism and inter-faithism. The objective was to come up with a&#13;
comprehensive conflict resolution programme that would enhance learning, teaching and&#13;
peace Findings revealed that most of the syllabuses contained aspects of conflict resolution&#13;
skills development except for human rights, multiculturalism and gender education.&#13;
Management practices were bureaucratic and dictatorial, the teachers’ colleges had material&#13;
which was quite relevant but it left out information on mediation and academic controversy.&#13;
Another finding showed that culture and religion played a divisive role and school structures&#13;
showed reduced ability for supporting the development of conflict resolution skills. The study&#13;
concluded that; religion and culture are playing a divisive role, there is little existence of a&#13;
culture ofconflict resolution in classroom manangement and management practices, there are&#13;
various types of conflicts occurring in the primary schools like inter-personal and inter-group,&#13;
assessment leaves a lot to be desired and teacher’s colleges have made concerted efforts to&#13;
address conflict resolution since 2010. In view of the above findings, it is recommended that&#13;
workshops related to the development of conflict resolution skills should be mounted among&#13;
teachers, leadership and pupils, ministry of education provide schools with guidelines on&#13;
conflict resolution, non – examinable subjects to be taught, cluster to pool resourvces together&#13;
and heads and education officers should guide teachers on the implementation of the&#13;
curriculum with emphasis onconflict resolution.</text>
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                <text>ZOU</text>
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                <text>REAL ESTATE AND PROPERTY MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES IN THE&#13;
CITY OF BEIRA, MOZAMBIQUE&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>TOWINDO TICHAONA</text>
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                <text>The purpose of this thesis was to make an analysis of the challenges facing the real&#13;
estate and properties management industry in the city of Beira, Mozambique. This&#13;
research features both Policy Formulation and Management areas of study. In light of&#13;
this research, there is one major question that had to be considered: “What are the&#13;
challenges being faced by property owners, property seekers, property management&#13;
regulators, and real estate agents during the course of their business activities in the&#13;
city of Beira?”&#13;
This qualitative research was based on the premise that valuable data were collected&#13;
through conducting face-to-face interviews among the thirty participants in this study.&#13;
The thirty participants were made up of eight informal real estate agents, eight property&#13;
owners, eight property seekers, three formal real estate agents, and three local&#13;
government officials (property regulators). Six participants were purposively sampled&#13;
from each of the five major residential areas in the city of Beira.&#13;
The interviewees were asked about the major challenges affecting the real estate and&#13;
properties management industry. All the collected data were organized for entry into the&#13;
Qualitative Data Analysis Computer program. This is an Excel Spread Sheets based&#13;
program, whose results are summarized in a Pivot Table.&#13;
The results following this research show that the City of Beira is being faced with real&#13;
challenges whereby the property industry is being managed haphazardly. The study&#13;
revealed that there is little government or official private sector control to oversee the&#13;
industry. The study recommends the urgent need for the local government and the&#13;
private sector to intervene in the property management activities through setting up an&#13;
active national or local real estate board, and or local real estate committee. This board&#13;
or committee should serve to come up with laws and specific guidelines for these real&#13;
estate and properties management activities</text>
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        <name>Beira</name>
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                <text>POSTPARTUM ANOESTRUS IN EXTENSIVELY MANAGED BEEF COWS</text>
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                <text>Cows should produce a calf every year, unfortunately, communal beef cows&#13;
face unique and numerous challenges, which often preclude achieving this goal.&#13;
In this review, we describe the lack of ovarian activity in beef cows as influenced&#13;
by endocrine, behavioral, psychological and environmental factors, in order to&#13;
promote pragmatic interventions for cattle productivity under communal produc-&#13;
tion systems. Following parturition, cows undergo a significant period of sexual&#13;
quiescence that varies widely and, nutritional deficiencies, suckling, hormonal&#13;
imbalances and stress have been implicated. The resumption of estrous cycles&#13;
postcalving in these cows exceeds the 80-day mark. This delay is predicated on the&#13;
lack of the positive feedback effects of estradiol on luteinizing hormone, circu-&#13;
lating concentrations of metabolic hormones and growth factors. These delays&#13;
decrease conception rates and increase calving to conception intervals, common in&#13;
extensively managed beef cows. The production conditions inadvertently surmise&#13;
producers to become hesitant to use assisted reproductive technologies that are&#13;
known to improve efficiencies. In addition, feed supplementation, which is nonex-&#13;
istent in such production systems, is a strategy readily leveraged by beef and dairy&#13;
producers in commercial systems. Options for treating cows with an extended PPI&#13;
are germanely going forward</text>
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                <text>IntechOpen</text>
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        <name>altruism</name>
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        <name>ovarian cyclicity</name>
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        <name>reproductive hormones</name>
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                <text>RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BODY WEIGHT AND LINEAR BODY MEASUREMENTS AT&#13;
VARIOUS STAGES OF PERMANENT TOOTH ERUPTION IN INDIGENOUS¬MATEBELE FEMALE GOATS OF Z IMBABWE&#13;
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                <text>NEVER ASSAN&#13;
</text>
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                <text>MICHAEL MUSASIRA&#13;
 </text>
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                <text>MAPHIOS MPOFU&#13;
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                <text>NICHOLAS M WAYERA4 &#13;
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                <text>KWENA MOKOENA5&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>THOBELA LOUIS TYASI</text>
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                <text>his study aimed to evaluate the influence of dental age on predicting body weight (BWT) using Linear&#13;
body measurements (LBM) in 168 indigenous Matebele goat females of Zimbabwe. LBM and BWT were recorded at&#13;
various stages of permanent incisor eruption (PE): second pair (I2), third pair (I3), fourth pair (I4), full mouth (FM),&#13;
and broken mouth (BM). The LBMs were measured using a ruler and centimeter-calibrated tailor’s tape, while BWT&#13;
was measured using an electronic weighing scale in kilograms. The correlation between BWT and LMBs was assessed&#13;
using Pearson’s correlation and regression were used for data analysis. The highest correlation was observed between&#13;
body length (BL) and rump height (RH) (r = 0.70), while BWT and heart girth (HG) showed a significant correlation&#13;
(r = 0.68) (p&lt;0.05) at I2 stage. Simple regression models demonstrated good predictive power on BWT at the FM&#13;
stage for HG (R2 = 74%), BL (R2 = 65%), and WT (R2 = 53%) (p&lt;0.05). The predictive power of multiple regression&#13;
models for I3 was slightly reduced when non-significant components were removed. The findings suggest that HG is&#13;
the best predictor of BWT during the I3 to FM tooth eruption phases, supporting genetic improvement and selection&#13;
of replacement females based on LBM. The study concludes that dentition-based age determination influences the cor-&#13;
relation between BWT and LBMs in female indigenous goats, with the strongest correlation observed between I2 and&#13;
I4 eruption periods. Combining HG and RH can optimize body weight prediction for I3 females by reducing variables&#13;
in the model. The results highlight the importance of dentition-based age estimation and morphometric feature-based&#13;
body weight prediction in small ruminants, particularly in small-scale animal agriculture where scales and record-keep-&#13;
ing are often lacking</text>
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                <text>Advances in Animal and Veterinary Sciences</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2024</text>
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        <name>Dentition</name>
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        <name>indigenous Matebele Goat</name>
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        <name>Linear body measurements</name>
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        <name>Zimbabwe</name>
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                <text>BOARD SIZE VERSUS FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE: A THEMATIC APPROACH&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>ONESMO GUTI, </text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2060">
                <text>This paper seeks to examine the effects of board size upon firm’s financial performance. Board characteristics include&#13;
outside directors, board size, gender diversity and board diligence. This paper concentrated upon the board size’s effect&#13;
upon firm performance. The two corporate governance theories: namely, stewardship theory; and resource dependence&#13;
theory were utilised. This paper made use of analysing and sy nthesising literature from various sources in a bid to&#13;
expose the views of various writers upon the effects of Board size on firms’ financial performance. The qualitative&#13;
methodology was applied through the thematic analysis approach. Both the deductive and inductiv e approaches were&#13;
utilized to enjoy the benefits of the thematic approach. This enabled robust coding technique</text>
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                <text> International Journal of Research Publications (IJRP.ORG)</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2023</text>
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        <name>Board Size</name>
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        <name>Corporate governance</name>
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        <name>Firm Performance</name>
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        <name>Thematic analysis</name>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>ESTIMATING A LOGISTIC REGRESSION MODEL ON THE ROLE OF ARTIFICIALINTELLIGENCE ON DERIVATIVE MARKETS&#13;
&#13;
</text>
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                <text>WILBERT KUDAKWASHE CHIDAUSHE&#13;
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                <text>PROFESSOR TAVONGA NJAYA</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>The study explored the role of Artificial intelligence on the stability, efficiency, depth, and access&#13;
of derivative markets during the period 2009 to 2021. The study used mixed method research.&#13;
Cross sectional data of 60 countries from North America, Latin America and the Caribbean,&#13;
Western Europe, Eastern Europe, Middle East and North Africa, Sub-Sahara Africa, South&#13;
and Central Asia, East Asia, and the Pacific. Simple random sampling was used to select the 60&#13;
countries according to their Government Artificial Intelligence Index. Logistic regression was&#13;
applied on the cross-section data to determine the effect of Artificial Intelligence on derivative&#13;
markets in terms of financial efficiency, financial depth, financial access, and financial stability.&#13;
The proven role of Artificial Intelligence on derivative markets is to enhance financial inclusion&#13;
and financial stability through the provision of derivative trading platforms. The results of the&#13;
study showed that the use of Artificial intelligence on derivative markets is significantly and&#13;
positively related to financial access as measured by the percentage of digital payments. Further,&#13;
the test revealed that the use of Artificial Intelligence on derivative markets is significantly and&#13;
negatively related to financial stability as measured by stock price volatility. The study showed&#13;
that there was no effect on financial depth and efficiency arising from the use of Artificial Intel-&#13;
ligence on derivative markets. The study recommended that governments should put in place&#13;
adequate financial infrastructure as well as vibrant regulations prior to the use of Artificial&#13;
Intelligence on the derivative markets to avoid systemic risk build ups.</text>
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                <text>MET Mangement Review - MMR</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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        <name>Artificial Intelligence</name>
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        <name>Derivative Markets</name>
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      <tag tagId="936">
        <name>Financial Development</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="937">
        <name>Government Artificial Intelligent Readiness Index</name>
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        <name>Logistic Regression</name>
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                <text>DETERMINANTS OF BOARD DIVERSITY FOR FIRMS LISTED ON THE ZIMBABWE STOCK EXCHANGE&#13;
&#13;
</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>ZVINAIYE CHIMBADZWA </text>
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                <text>LIGHTON DUBE&#13;
</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2072">
                <text>EMMANUEL GUVEYA</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Board diversity is a topical discourse in firm governance and&#13;
management. Diversity came up as a way of eliminating&#13;
discrimination in employment and making sure there is equality,&#13;
inclusion and affirmative action in the way firms do business. Board&#13;
diversity has produced mixed results in relation to firm performance.&#13;
On the one hand, diversity enables good governance to take place,&#13;
ensures satisfaction of stakeholders and the firm to attain&#13;
competitive advantage. Contrary, diversity may come with&#13;
difficulties in communication, boardroom fights and decreased&#13;
productivity among a plethora of negative contributions. The study&#13;
investigates the various factors that affect board diversity from a&#13;
Zimbabwean context.&#13;
The Zimbabwe Stock Exchange’s 35 firms’ data is analysed to&#13;
estimate the relationship between board diversity and firm&#13;
performance. The study employed the quantitative methodology to&#13;
establish factors that influence board diversity on firm performance&#13;
of thirty-five (35) firms listed on the Zimbabwe Stock Exchange&#13;
using panel data collected over the period 2009 – 2015.&#13;
The major factors that promote diversity are firm size, liquidity,&#13;
leverage, operating experience (years listed), market share (Tobin’s&#13;
Q) and being in the service sector. On the other hand, board size,&#13;
being in the food, financial, real and industrial and manufacturing&#13;
sectors negatively and significantly influence diversity.&#13;
Based on the above results, the study recommends that companies&#13;
should come up with diversity-enabling policies to enhance firm&#13;
performance.</text>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2074">
                <text>University of Sistan and Baluchestan</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2075">
                <text>2024</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="939">
        <name>Board diversity</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="941">
        <name>Determinants of board diversity</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="940">
        <name>Listed firms</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
