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                <text>ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN ACADEMIC DECISION-MAKING AND STUDENTS’ RECORDKEEPING: A CASE OF AN ODEL UNIVERSITY&#13;
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                <text>GODFREY TSVUURA</text>
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                <text>The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into higher education is reshaping traditional processes of academic decision-making and students’ recordkeeping. This study explores the use of AI in academic decision–making and students’ recordkeeping at Zimbabwe Open University (ZOU). A qualitative research methodology was adopted along with purposive sampling technique in which a sample of 5 heads of sections who deal with students’ recordkeeping were chosen as they have knowledge about the problem at hand. Data collected were analysed in thematic strands. Findings underscore that at ZOU, AI is being used to generate educational materials such as study guides, quizzes, automate administrative tasks like students grading as well as in other e-learning platforms such as My Vista, students support services, coursework material preparation and writing by students, data analytics and in widespread research. The study concludes that while AI offers significant opportunities to improve the management of students’ recordkeeping and academic decisions, its deployment must be guided by ethical principles, legal compliance, and capacity-building initiatives tomaximise benefits and mitigate risks. The study recommends the need for human oversight, inclusive data practices and robust governance frameworks to ensure fairness and accountability in AI-enabled academic decision-making and students’ recordkeeping.</text>
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                <text>ENHANCING INFORMATION LITERACY DELIVERY THROUGH ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN UNIVERSITY&#13;
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                <text>TUTANI, NOTHANDO </text>
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                <text>In the increasingly digital world, access to information is fundamental for personal development, social engagement and economic growth. In today’s information-driven society, access to information has been tremendously improved through artificial intelligence (AI). Information literacy helps equip patrons with modern digital skills enabling them to navigate the information world. The purpose of this study was to investigate the attitudes and experiences of librarians regarding the use of AI in information literacy programs to enhance access to information. Libraries and information centres can harness the use of artificial intelligence to ensure that each patron is literate, thus being able to handle information and data, its use and the creation of information resources and services. This qualitative study examines the potential of artificial intelligence in delivering of information literacy skills in higher education libraries in Zimbabwe. Interviews with selected twenty-five librarians involved in information literacy instruction were conducted. Purposive sampling was used where a select 25 librarians involved in information literacy delivery were invited to participate in the study. The findings from this study show a positive attitude toward the use of AI despite its slow implementation in information literacy training. The findings of the study will be important in contributing knowledge to the broader field of technology and information literacy instruction.</text>
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                <text>The Zimbabwe Open University Journal of Applied Social Sciences</text>
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                <text>PERCEPTIONS OF PARENTS OF CHILDREN LIVING WITH DISABILITIES ON INCLUSIVE EDUCATION. A CASE OF TWO URBAN HIGH SCHOOLS IN GWERU &#13;
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                <text>This study investigated the perceptions of parents of children living with disabilities regarding the efficacy of inclusive education in two urban high schools in Gweru, Zimbabwe. The research was conducted at two selected urban High Schools in Gweru, Zimbabwe. The schools  used were Thornhill High School and Chaplin High School. The study was qualitative in nature. A target population of 154 people was used. A sample of 45 was used. Purposive sampling and snowball sampling techniques were used. Data were also collected from parents and teachers of children living with disabilities, key informants, including three representatives from the Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education and two officials from local NGOs working with children living with disability. Data were collected through focus group discussions and interviews. The findings revealed that children with disabilities experience significant social isolation and discrimination, which negatively affects their academic and social development. This, in turn, places a substantial psychological and nemotional burden on their parents. The study concludes with recommendations for community-based support, family-centred care and the provision of specialised school facilities and equipment to better support these children and their families.</text>
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                <text>EXCLUSION WITHIN INCLUSION: DISSENTING APPLICABILITY OF AI IN INCLUSIVE EDUCATION: CASE OF ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY&#13;
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                <text>The study sought to explore impact of ICT on PWDs. This paper provides a deeper exploration of both negative and positive attributes presented by the internet and ICT for the full participation of persons with disabilities. Whilst most scholars say accessible ICT can level the playing field for persons with disabilities across life domains including education, employment, e-governance and civic participation, financial inclusion and disaster management, this will always be a pipedream in most developing nations. Participants drawn from students with varying disabilities, student advisors and student representatives were purposively sampled. Data was collected using in depth interviews and semi structured questioners. The results showed that Exclusion and marginalisation of people living with disabilities is a fundament human rights issue. It straddles several dimensions like social, economic social, economic, political, ecological, governance as well as technological. It can be concluded that the conspired growth of ICT use in both academic and social life does not bring the same benefits to both PWDS and the mainstream population. From this, it is highly recommended that the government and other stakeholders put combined efforts to design systems which can cater for various forms of disabilities as well as taking cognisance of other variations like commodities. Additionally, policy makers and industrialists should incorporate input from people living with disabilities before implementing programs.</text>
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                <text>KNOWLEDGE AND UPTAKE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL SERVICES BY ADULT RESIDENTS IN NESHURO GROWTH POINT, MWENEZI DISTRICT&#13;
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                <text>This study investigated the knowledge and uptake of psychological services among adult residents of Neshuro growth point, Mwenezi District. It aimed to inform strategies for enhancing social integration through applied psychology within Neshuro community. The research is based on the Health Belief Model (HBM), which argues that individuals’ perceptions of susceptibility, severity, benefits and barriers to health behaviours influence their uptake of health-related services. Despite Zimbabwe’s growing emphasis on mental health, psychological services remain underutilised, particularly in rural areas. The study employed a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative and qualitative methods to examine the community's understanding of psychological services, factors influencing their utilisation and barriers to access. Quantitative data were collected through a questionnaire administered to 80 adult residents aged 18 and above from Neshuro growth point. Qualitative data were gathered through semi-structured interviews from 10 key informants, including local health workers, community leaders and social service professionals. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics to assess awareness levels and uptake patterns. Thematic analysis complemented by discourse analysis was used to analyse the qualitative data. Findings revealed low awareness of psychological services, with only 40% of respondents understanding their purpose. Chi-square tests highlighted significant associations between education levels and awareness (χ2=12.47, df=3, p=0.006). Thematic analysis identified stigma, cultural misconceptions and high cost as primary barriers. Discourse analysis further revealed how societal narratives perpetuate mistrust in formal psychological services. The study recommended targeted, culturally sensitive public health campaigns utilising trusted community leaders, integration of formal and informal healing systems and decentralised, affordable service delivery models to enhance psychological service utilisation in Zimbabwean growth points. As an innovative contribution, the study proposed the CACIM Framework, which offers a novel model for embedding formal psychological care within indigenous support structures.</text>
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                <text>GREEN MARKETING AND LIBRARY USER SATISFACTION IN ZIMBABWEAN STATE UNIVERSITIES&#13;
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                <text>Focused on Zimbabwe's academic libraries, this study examined how green marketing affects user satisfaction. The research was motivated by the fact that paper and paperboard, which are central to library functions, account for 65% of recyclable university waste and thus significantly influence global warming. This implies that new strategies are needed if the library is to maintain its competitiveness and achieve corporate sustainability. The study aimed to determine the benefits of green practices on library user satisfaction. The study was quantitative, with a multi-case research design. An online questionnaire was utilised to collect data from 315 academic librarians at their workstations, drawn from a total population of 598. Data was analysed with SPSS. The study found that there is a direct link between library user satisfaction and the green marketing. The study concluded that to achieve user satisfaction, the library's greening should be prioritised.</text>
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                <text>This research study outlined the effectiveness of human rights support programmes offered by Non-Governmental Organisations at Zimbabwe Prisons and Correctional Service in the Harare Metropolitan Province. ZPCS had formed partnerships with NGOs to address human rights issues concerning incarcerated prisoners. A mixed research methodology approach was employed, gathering data from correctional officers, NGO representatives, inmates and independent commissions. A quantitative sample of 300 participants was drawn using probability sampling, while a subsequent qualitative sample of 60 was purposively selected from a population of 894. The research utilised self-structured questionnaires and key informant interviews. The findings indicate a strong understanding of human rights among participants. However, the majority perceive the human rights support programmes as ineffective. Key challenges identified include a pervasive atmosphere of mistrust between ZPCS and NGOs, a lack of tailored interventions and inadequate internal capacity within ZPCS to manage these programmes effectively. The study recommends establishing a central human rights coordinating office at the ZPCS national headquarters, developing a comprehensive organisational human rights policy and conducting thorough needs analyses prior to programme implementation. These steps aim to enhance collaboration, improve the alignment of NGO activities with ZPCS’s needs, and ultimately strengthen the protection of human rights for inmates.</text>
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                <text>THE IMPACT OF AI ON PRIVACY AND SECURITY OF DATA IN UNIVERSITIES IN ZIMBABWE: A&#13;
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                <text>In this empirical paper we discussed the impact of AI on data privacy and security in universities in Zimbabwe. The integration of how artificial intelligence (AI) in universities has transformed various aspects of educational systems offering enhanced efficiencies and personalised learning experiences were discussed. This technological advancement raises significant concerns regarding data privacy and security. As universities increasingly rely on AI systems that process vast amounts of sensitive information, the risk of data breaches and unauthorised access escalates. With a focus on Zimbabwe, this research offers a systematicliterature analysis of the effects of AI on data security and privacy in higher education. The study explores topics such as application of AI in universities, data privacy and security concerns, ethical and legal gaps in the application of AI and prospects for AI adoption in a responsible manner, drawing on both worldwide and regional studies. The paper is couched in Information Security Theory which evolved in the 1970s–1980s within the field of computer security as government, military and corporate institutions began formulating formal information assurance standards (Bishop, 2003). Information Security Theory model became widely recognised through the U.S Department of Defense publication and the early academic security literature. The findings suggest that AI increases efficiency and personalisation in universities, it also puts universities at risk for algorithmic bias, data breaches and poor information governance. In Zimbabwean universities, these risks are worse due to inadequate infrastructure, poor implementation of data privacy laws and regulations and insufficient knowledge. The study ends by suggesting that strong legislative policies, cybersecurity frameworks and effective digital literacy programmes should be implemented to ensure responsible AI use.</text>
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                <text>EQUITY ON INFORMATION ACCESS OF LIBRARY SERVICES TO STUDENTS WITH SENSORY DISABILITIES AT SELECTED UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES IN HARARE, ZIMBABWE&#13;
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                <text>This study examines equity of information access for students with sensory disabilities relating to visual and hearing impairments at university libraries in Harare, Zimbabwe, identifying barriers and opportunities for inclusive library services. A mixed-methods approach was employed, incorporating surveys, interviews and observational assessments across three major university libraries: University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe Open University, and Midlands State University (Harare Campus). The study involved 35 students with sensory disabilities, 15 library staff members and accessibility audits of physical and digital library environments. Findings reveal significant inequities in information access, with physical inaccessibility of libraries, lack of infrastructure to support assistive technologies, and inadequately trained staff being primary barriers. Digital accessibility gaps were particularly pronounced, with navigation difficulties, incompatibility with access tools and inadequate labelling of links preventing effective use of online resources. Correlation analysis revealed strong positive relationships between assistive technology availability and staff knowledge (r = .65, p &lt; .01), and strong negative correlations between accessibility improvements and academic challenges (r = –.60, p &lt; .01). The study provides actionable recommendations for university administrators and librarians to improve accessibility and ensure equitable information access. This is the first comprehensive study examining sensory disability accessibility across multiple university libraries in Zimbabwe, contributing to limited African literature on this topic.</text>
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                <text>REFRAMING SOCIAL POLICY IN AFRICA: LAND REFORM, YOUTH AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC WELFARE IN&#13;
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&#13;
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                <text>At a time when scholars and practitioners in Africa and the broader Global South are rethinking social policy in search of inclusive development and exploring pathways for averting  extraversion, focus on youth and land is essential. Both land (with its appended natural resources) and the youth are the facilitators and guarantors of current and future development. The article is based on data gathered through a sequential mixed methods approach in two rural districts of Zimbabwe (Mangwe and Zvimba in Matabeleland South and Mashonaland West provinces respectively) within the “Social Policy Dimensions of the Land and Agrarian Reform in International Perspective” research project. Setting the article apart from the dominant discourse in social policy framed by the Welfare Regime Paradigm or the Social Protection Paradigm, is adoption of the concept of Transformative Social Policy whose thrust are the social policy instruments of countries outside the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) context and their capability to resolve the structural causes of inequality, marginalisation and poverty. In this context, the article addresses four questions: a) What were the antecedents and objectives of the fast track land reform? b) What are the “youth gaps” in Zimbabwe’s land reform? c) How has access to land by the youth influenced socio-economic wellbeing at individual and household levels? d) How can the transformative outcomes of land reform – redistributive, productive, protective, reproductive and social compact – be improved through and for youth, and all? Overall, the article shows that land reform is a social policy tool, and the youth are central to improving its development outcome</text>
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                <text>WOMEN ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT: ITS PROSPECTS AND LIMITATIONS: A CASE STUDY OF HARARE METROPOLITAN PROVINCE&#13;
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                <text>This study investigated the prospects and limitations of women's economic empowerment in&#13;
Harare, Zimbabwe, focusing on the experiences within the Harare Metropolitan Province.&#13;
Employing a case study design, this research utilised qualitative data gathered through semi-&#13;
structured interviews and questionnaires with women engaged in various economic activities.&#13;
The study examined the complex interplay of factors influencing women's economic agency,&#13;
including decision-making authority, access to resources, and sociocultural barriers. The&#13;
findings revealled that while women in Harare demonstrated significant entrepreneurial drive&#13;
and resilience, they continued to face challenges such as limited market access, discriminatory&#13;
practices, and the double burden of work and domestic responsibilities. The study underscored&#13;
the need for integrated interventions that addressed both economic and socio-cultural&#13;
constraints to achieve meaningful women's economic empowerment. Recommendations&#13;
included policy reform, targeted support programmes, and awareness campaigns to challenge&#13;
gender stereotypes. This research contributed to a deeper understanding of the local dynamics&#13;
shaping women's economic participation in urban Zimbabwe and highlighted the importance&#13;
of context-specific approaches to promote gender equality and sustainable development. </text>
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&#13;
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                <text>Few earlier reviews on emerging organic contaminants (EOCs) in drinking water systems (DWS) focused on their&#13;
detection, behaviour, removal and fate. Reviews on multiple exposure pathways, human intake estimates, and&#13;
health risks including toxicokinetics, and toxicodynamics of EOCs in DWS are scarce. This review presents recent&#13;
advances in human intake and health risks of EOCs in DWS. First, an overview of the evidence showing that DWS&#13;
harbours a wide range of EOCs is presented. Multiple human exposure to EOCs occurs via ingestion of drinking&#13;
water and beverages, inhalation and dermal pathways are discussed. A potential novel exposure may occur via&#13;
the intravenous route in dialysis fluids. Analysis of global data on pharmaceutical pollution in rivers showed that&#13;
the cumulative concentrations (μg L-1) of pharmaceuticals (mean ± standard error of the mean) were statistically&#13;
more than two times significantly higher (p = 0.011) in South America (11.68 ± 5.29), Asia (9.97 ± 3.33), Africa&#13;
(9.48 ± 2.81) and East Europe (8.09 ± 4.35) than in high-income regions (2.58 ± 0.48). Maximum cumulative&#13;
concentrations of pharmaceuticals (μg L-1) decreased in the order; Asia (70.7) had the highest value followed by&#13;
South America (68.8), Africa (51.3), East Europe (32.0) and high-income regions (17.1) had the least concen-&#13;
tration. The corresponding human intake via ingestion of untreated river water was also significantly higher in&#13;
low- and middle-income regions than in their high-income counterparts. For each region, the daily intake of&#13;
pharmaceuticals was highest in infants, followed by children and then adults. A critique of the human health&#13;
hazards, including toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics of EOCs is presented. Emerging health hazards of EOCs in&#13;
DWS include; (1) long-term latent and intergenerational effects, (2) the interactive health effects of EOC mixtures&#13;
and the challenges of multifinality and equifinality, and (3) the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease&#13;
hypothesis. Finally, research needs on human health hazards of EOCs in DWS are presented.</text>
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                <text>LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICES IN SUPPORT OF DISTANCE EDUCATION:THE CASE OF ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY, MASHONALAND CENTRALREGIONAL LIBRARY&#13;
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GODFREY TSVUURA</text>
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                <text>Distance education at tertiary level in Zimbabwe has been widely accepted and adopted by many&#13;
people. More often, distance education students face difficulties in getting required information&#13;
to complete assignments and prepare for examinations. The study sought to examine the library&#13;
and information services in support of distance education at Mashonaland Central Regional&#13;
Library in Bindura.&#13;
The research methods were mixed-research designs in which both qualitative and quantitative&#13;
techniques were employed. These included review of related literature, interviews and&#13;
questionnaires. The findings were that the lack of computers and internet services were the major&#13;
constraints that hindered the students from using the library. This had been indicated by 91% of&#13;
the respondents. Recommendations were that the regional library should increase the provision&#13;
of library and information services to its distance education students.</text>
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                <text>INDIGENOUS MEDICINAL KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER AMONG THE MAUNGWE PEOPLE: MAKONI&#13;
DISTRICT - ZIMBABWE&#13;
&#13;
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GIFT RUPANDE</text>
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                <text>The study interrogated the intergenerational transfer of indigenous medicinal knowledge and&#13;
the psychology underpinning indigenous healing among the Maungwe people of Makoni&#13;
District. The overarching research question was how do indigenous medical practitioners&#13;
(IMPs) transfer the knowledge of indigenous medicines to the younger generation? Limited&#13;
studies on establishing factors which affect transfer of indigenous medicinal knowledge&#13;
(IMK) were done. The transactional communication model, the Afrocentric and the social&#13;
learning theories were the theoretical frameworks used in this study. The researcher adopted&#13;
interpretivism as the philosophy underpinning this qualitative study and relativist ontology.&#13;
The researcher adopted the multi-sited ethnography as a research design. The sample&#13;
consisted of three focus groups, each comprising of five participants and ten IMPs. Data&#13;
generation methods used were in-depth interviews, focus group discussions and observations.&#13;
Results of this study could be significant to organizations such as Zimbabwe National&#13;
Traditional Healers Association (ZINATHA), the medical fraternity, policy makers, Makoni&#13;
community, and researchers. Transfer of IMK is through apprenticeship training by the parent&#13;
or relative or through the teachings of the grandparents at the “Dare” (the meeting place) or&#13;
through observations. Ancestor initiated dreams; apprenticeship as well as being taken and&#13;
taught indigenous medicines by the mermaid under water are some of the ways of acquiring&#13;
IMK. The conclusions from this study showed that IMK is mainly in the hands of healers and&#13;
elders who are in their late forties and older. Christianity, lack of documentation of&#13;
indigenous medical practices, modernity, the disintegration of the extended family, and&#13;
secrecy of indigenous medical practitices, are some of the factors which were found to be&#13;
negatively affecting intergenerational transfer of IMK. The study recommends that IMPs&#13;
should document IMK so that this knowledge is not lost to future generations. IMPs should&#13;
not be over retentive with IMK for the benefit of the youth and other members of the society.</text>
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                <text>ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY</text>
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        <name>Indigenous Knowledge</name>
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        <name>Indigenous Knowledge Systems</name>
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                <text>AN EXPLORATION OF PERSONAL EXPERIENCES OF DEAF PEOPLE IN ACCESSING,&#13;
PARTICIPATING AND COMPLETING HIGHER EDUCATION IN ZIMBABWE&#13;
&#13;
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>The study qualitatively employed the phenomenology design to explore the&#13;
experiences of the 32 participants selected through snowballing and purposive&#13;
sampling to establish the extent to which Zimbabwean Universities enabled deaf&#13;
people to access, participate and successfully complete their studies. Point of&#13;
saturation determined the sample size. Access to higher education [HE] is&#13;
currently recognised as a bridge to a fulfilling life for all people but its applicability&#13;
to deaf people was reported by several studies as insignificant despite the&#13;
influences of robust legislations. Narratives, in-depth interviews, non-participant&#13;
observations, focus group discussions and document analysis were used to&#13;
collect data which was further thematically analysed. Emerging patterns and&#13;
themes were then generated and triangulated to augment the findings.&#13;
Augmentation made the data trustworthy and creditable although its&#13;
generalisability was not representative enough because of the sample size, a&#13;
limitation which triangulation took care of. The findings were guided by the social&#13;
justice principles of the ubuntu philosophy and the symbiotic transformative&#13;
theory. The study participants argued that institutions of higher education did not&#13;
include deaf people [PWDs] in their plans and that benchmarked the formidable&#13;
barriers which made their participation remain insignificant. However, the study&#13;
noted other contributing factors as; unfocused visions of universities,&#13;
inappropriate teaching styles, unfriendly infrastructures, negative attitudes and&#13;
styles of leadership. Furthermore, deaf participants felt that universities’&#13;
deliberate delay to respond to their applications was meant to frustrate them and&#13;
make them lose hope in persuing the status of their applications. The study&#13;
recommended that universities should redevelop their policies and provisions&#13;
with deaf people in mind. Further studies recommended that monitoring tools be&#13;
design as a measure to determine the preparedness of universities to deaf&#13;
applicants.&#13;
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                <text>ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY </text>
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                  <text>Department of Counselling</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>AN EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF&#13;
OFFENDER REHABILITATION POLICIES IN ZIMBABWE&#13;
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>GRANISIA MASONA MUSANGO</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of offender&#13;
rehabilitation policies in Zimbabwe prisons in light of the efforts by stakeholders to&#13;
reform offenders. The primary objective of the study was to establish the extent to&#13;
which the correctional services are curbing ex-convicts from committing crimes. The&#13;
study was also aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of rehabilitation policies&#13;
implemented in Zimbabwe towards addressing the problem of re-offending.&#13;
Furthermore, the study sought to identify the reasons why released offenders continue&#13;
to commit crimes despite their participation in various rehabilitation programmes&#13;
during their period of incarceration. The methodology of the study was centred on the&#13;
interpretivist philosophy as practised in qualitative research methods. The study&#13;
participants included prisoners who were first time offenders, prisoners who were re-&#13;
arrested, prison officers who supervise the rehabilitation programmes and NGOs&#13;
responsible for various rehabilitation programme concerning prisoners. Data was&#13;
primarily generated through face-to-face interviews, telephone interviews, focus&#13;
group discussions and participant observation which were inevitable in this study by&#13;
nature of being a qualitative research where the researcher is the prime instrument of&#13;
data generation. Secondary data was sought from documents analysed from Harare&#13;
Central, Chikurubi Farm and Chikurubi Female Prisons records and statistics offices&#13;
and other stakeholders. The findings of the study revealed a host of challenges that&#13;
stall effective policy implementation chief among them being the deplorable living&#13;
conditions in the prisons. The negative attitude perspectives and stigma , among other&#13;
things, were seen to be the reasons for offenders getting into a vicious circle of re-&#13;
offending. The study recommended stakeholder cooperation in policy&#13;
implementation, monitoring and evaluation among other things</text>
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                <text>PEACEBUILDING AND CONFLICT TRANSFORMATION: A&#13;
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TRANSFORMATION IN ZIMBABWE&#13;
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                <text>Beginning from the early 2000s, communities in Zimbabwe witnessed the worst forms of&#13;
politically motivated violence by state agents as well as civilian on civilian clashes at grassroots&#13;
levels. Efforts to resolve contemporary Zimbabwean politically motivated conflicts are proving&#13;
difficult if not impossible. This is caused by the efforts which are mainly top-down and&#13;
conventional in nature. The application of local traditional awareness and procedures in conflict&#13;
resolution and conflict transformation has been very negligible as many prefer the contemporary&#13;
law court system. The study assessed the effectiveness of traditional institutions in peacebuilding&#13;
and conflict transformation in Mashonaland Central Province at grassroots levels. The study&#13;
adopted a mixed methods approach in obtaining data from the field. A targeted population of 518&#13;
634 people above the age of 18 which included traditional leaders’ council and community&#13;
members was used. A sample comprising five traditional chiefs who were key informants&#13;
participated through in-depth interviews, 65 members of the chiefs’ council members&#13;
participated through focus group discussions and 250 community members were respondents to&#13;
questionnaires. The study found that traditional institutions were not effective when dealing with&#13;
politically motivated conflicts. Traditional institutions were effective in dealing with other forms&#13;
of conflicts emanating from land disputes and social disputes. Considerably, traditional practices&#13;
of peacebuilding and conflict transformation are cultural and community specific. Despite facing&#13;
economic, social, political and land challenges as well as having operational weaknesses,&#13;
traditional institutions have practical mechanisms of promoting peaceful co-existence at&#13;
grassroots levels. The study recommended that traditional institutions should be mainstreamed in&#13;
all processes of conflict management, peacebuilding and conflict transformation. This should be&#13;
done in accordance with the value system of the specific community or people in question</text>
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                <text>ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY </text>
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                <text>UNPACKING EDUTAINMENT FOR CHILDREN&#13;
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CENTRES IN GWERU, ZIMBABWE&#13;
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                <text>n the past decades, children used to acquire valuable insights and knowledge through storytelling and&#13;
folklore sessions from adults within the community, schools and libraries. Such sessions, termed educational&#13;
entertainment (edutainment), used to play a pivotal role in the development of children with regards to&#13;
cohesion in the society, ensuring moral behaviour, at the same instance acting as a source of entertainment.&#13;
The advancement in technology has shifted the mode of edutainment, from storytelling to virtual classrooms&#13;
and gaming-based approaches. This has been a global paradigm shift, yet most information centres, and&#13;
libraries in the developing world are still to realise adequate infrastructure able to facilitate edutainment for&#13;
children. The purpose of this study was, therefore, to derive mechanisms that could be put in place by&#13;
libraries, and information centres to ensure edutainment for children, focusing on Mkoba in Gweru as a&#13;
case. The study was qualitative in nature, utilising opinions and view-points from study participants. Expert&#13;
sampling was used to select librarians, and information centres’ staff members. Captive sampling was used&#13;
to select community members. Interviews were used to gather data from librarians and information centre&#13;
staff members. Questerviews were used to gather data from the library and information centres’ users. The&#13;
study found out that the dynamic nature of technology and lack of training and capacity development&#13;
therefore, of library and information centres’ staff members were a challenge in the implementation of&#13;
edutainment. In addition, the study found out that financial challenges hindered libraries and information&#13;
centres from instituting edutainment. Furthermore, the study found out that lack of an effective user needs&#13;
assessment was another challenge. As the libraries and information centres were not fully aware of the&#13;
library and information needs of its users, including children. As a way forward, the study signified the need&#13;
for training and capacity building of staff members by the institute management. In addition, the study also&#13;
revealed that the diverse open source edutainment application programmes that do not have financial&#13;
implications. A user assessment survey by the libraries and information centres was also noted as a strategic&#13;
mechanism to ensure awareness of effective edutainment facilities for children</text>
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                <text>TWENTY FIRST CENTURY AND REHABILITATION PROGRAMMES FOR&#13;
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&#13;
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                <text>The study was set to establish the extent to which Zimbabwe Prisons and Correctional&#13;
Services (ZPCS) provide rehabilitation and correctional services. World over, people are&#13;
imprisoned after the courts have found them to be guilt of an offence. Incarcerating an&#13;
offender is regarded as punishment enough. The Zimbabwe Prisons and Correctional Services&#13;
adopted the international standards that emphasise rehabilitation and empowerment of&#13;
inmates with employment opportunity skills whilst serving. The study adopted the qualitative&#13;
paradigm and descriptive survey method. Convenient sampling and snowballing were used&#13;
to select prison officers whom were involved in the interviews. The findings revealed that&#13;
ZPCS emphasises on the development and empowerment of offenders to lead a crime free&#13;
life through equipping them with employment and vocational skills. It was revealed that&#13;
ZPCS does not have standard rehabilitation and correctional service programmes. Career&#13;
guidance and counselling is not much priority provision for inmates. There is need to include&#13;
career guidance programme in the rehabilitation and correctional package so that inmates&#13;
make informed decisions on choosing vocational and career programmes. ZPCS should also&#13;
put in place some standard measures of rehabilitation and correctional services as well as&#13;
quality assurance monitoring instruments in Zimbabwe‟s prison services.</text>
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                <text>AARJSH&#13;
ASIAN ACADEMIC RESEARCH&#13;
J O U R N A L O F S O C I A L&#13;
S C I E N C E &amp; H U M A N I T I E S</text>
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        <name>Rehabilitation</name>
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        <name>Vocational Training.</name>
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                <text>RELEVANCE OF MIXED METHODS&#13;
RESEARCH IN DEVELOPING A&#13;
FRAMEWORK FOR DIGITISING&#13;
RECORDS AND ARCHIVES&#13;
GODFREY TSVUURA&#13;
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                <text>This chapter discusses the relevance of mixed methods research in developing a framework for digitising&#13;
records and archives. Mixed methods research has never been extensively used to find solution to the&#13;
problems experienced in digitising records and archives. Digitisation, in general, has become a diverse&#13;
area whose problems cannot be solved with a mono research methodology. The application of both quan-&#13;
titative and qualitative techniques in finding solutions in the digitisation of records and archives would&#13;
help records and archives professionals to have a deeper understanding of the difficulties associated&#13;
with digitising records and archives, especially as the field is facing some rebirth due to advancement&#13;
in technology. Digitisation of records and archives is revolving and gaining momentum due to the shifts&#13;
of paradigms in techniques of record-keeping.</text>
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                <text>IGI Global</text>
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                <text>© ESARBICA ISSN 2220-6442 | ESARBICA JOURNAL, VOL. 40, 2021&#13;
CREATION AND STORAGE OF RECORDS IN THE CLOUD BY ZIMBABWE&#13;
OPEN UNIVERSITY&#13;
&#13;
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                <text> GODFREY TSVUURA</text>
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                <text>KUDZAI D MBAWUYA&#13;
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                <text>PATRICK NGULUBE</text>
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                <text>This study investigated the challenges and prospects of creating and storing records in&#13;
the cloud by Zimbabwe Open University in Zimbabwe. Like other universities in&#13;
Zimbabwe, the university adopted Education 5.0 advocated by the government in&#13;
2019. Consequently, the university came up with innovation hubs and industrial parks&#13;
that became centres for records creation. Keeping all records in the computer without&#13;
appropriate backups and servers has consequences such as losing vital records.&#13;
Organisations around the world use cloud computing increasingly to address records&#13;
storage and disposal. Adoption of cloud computing services carries with it cost&#13;
implications, and legal and ownership challenges as the virtualised environments are&#13;
hosted and managed by third parties. The objective of this study was to examine the&#13;
management, operational, legal and technical issues surrounding the storage of&#13;
records in the cloud, and the implications for their trustworthiness and authenticity.&#13;
The study adopted a qualitative research design and drew data from interviews with&#13;
key participants. Qualitative data were organised into broad themes and the content&#13;
reported in narrative form. The study found that Zimbabwe Open University is not&#13;
using cloud computing services effectively and is in the trial phase of cloud&#13;
computing. It further found that there was a lack of collaboration between the&#13;
information and communication technology and the records management units as the&#13;
university decided to move to the cloud on a full-scale basis. The study recommends&#13;
that the university should first address the management, operational, legal and&#13;
technical issues surrounding the storage of records in the cloud before implementing&#13;
the complete use of the cloud. The study deepens the understanding of cloud&#13;
computing in the management of records at the university, and other state universities&#13;
in Zimbabwe can use this study to deal with the management of records in the cloud.</text>
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                <text>ESARBICA </text>
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        <name>Cloud computing</name>
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        <name>Education 5.0</name>
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        <name>industrial parks</name>
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        <name>innovation hubs</name>
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        <name>Records Management</name>
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        <name>Zimbabwe Open University</name>
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          <element elementId="50">
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                <text>A FRAMEWORK FOR THE DIGITISATION OF RECORDS AND ARCHIVES&#13;
AT SELECTED STATE UNIVERSITIES IN ZIMBABWE&#13;
&#13;
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          <element elementId="39">
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                <text>GODFREY TSVUURA&#13;
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                <text>PATRICK NGULUBE</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>This research study investigates the digitisation of records and archives at two selected state&#13;
universities in Zimbabwe, namely, Zimbabwe Open University (ZOU) and Harare Institute of&#13;
Technology (HIT). The two state universities have embarked on digitisation of their records and&#13;
archives resources in line with new technological trends of carrying out business online in both&#13;
teaching and administration. Mukred et al. (2019), and Mukred and Yusof (2018) stated that digital&#13;
technology in the educational sector can play a positive role in building on traditional learning&#13;
and teaching methods, enabling students to have easy access to the information they need and&#13;
leveraging academic achievements. However, Ambira, Kemoni and Ngulube (2019) observed that&#13;
digitisation, in most cases, is disjointed and uncoordinated, with each section adopting its strategy&#13;
and approach. Such practices negate the collective principle and responsibility of working jointly&#13;
towards delivering goods and services to stakeholders (Ambira et al. 2019).&#13;
The objective of this study was to determine whether the state universities were using a model or&#13;
framework for managing the digital records and archives, as digitisation of records and archives&#13;
must be a well-planned project with adequate resources and framework of operation (Tsvuura &amp;&#13;
Ngulube 2020). Another objective was to identify the gaps that exist in the digitisation of records and&#13;
archives in the two selected state universities and recommend ways of filling those gaps, if they exist</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                <text>South African Journal of Information Management</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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        <name>centralised framework</name>
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        <name>digitisation; records and archives</name>
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        <name>digitisation; records and archives; integrated systems; centralised framework; university records</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="774">
        <name>integrated systems</name>
      </tag>
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        <name>university records</name>
      </tag>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
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        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1612">
                <text>DIGITISATION OF RECORDS AND ARCHIVES AT TWO SELECTED&#13;
STATE UNIVERSITIES IN ZIMBABWE&#13;
&#13;
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              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1613">
                <text>GODFREY TSVUURA&#13;
</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="1614">
                <text>PATRICK NGULUBE</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1615">
                <text>This study focused on the digitisation of records and archives at two selected state universities in&#13;
Zimbabwe, namely Zimbabwe Open University (ZOU) and Harare Institute of Technology (HIT).&#13;
The specific objective was to evaluate the legal and statutory frameworks for managing the&#13;
digitisation of records and archives at the state universities. The legislative and statutory&#13;
imperatives in Zimbabwe, the exponential growth in digitised records and archiving in the state&#13;
universities and the lack of capacity of records personnel with regard to the management of digital&#13;
records and archives, motivated this study. The records of the state universities are stored on&#13;
network servers that the university can access. However, individual users are often able to copy or&#13;
move them to individual desktops and portable devices that are beyond the university’s control.&#13;
The study adopted a mixed methods convergent parallel research design and collected data through&#13;
questionnaires and interviews. The data collection instruments provided both quantitative and&#13;
qualitative data. Quantitative data were analysed using the SPSS analytical software package,&#13;
while qualitative data were organised into broad themes and the content reported in narrative form.&#13;
The findings were that both respondents and participants understand the records management&#13;
functions in their universities and both state universities are busy creating policies and procedures&#13;
for the digitisation of records and archives in their business transactions. The findings further&#13;
indicated that the two state universities were digitising their records and archives using untrained&#13;
personnel. Legislation, policies, and standards and procedures were not enforced. This exposed&#13;
the materials to major threats and risks in terms of their integrity, security and authenticity. The&#13;
study recommended that there the legal and statutory frameworks must be formulated,&#13;
implemented and enforced to cater for the digitisation of records and archives at state universities&#13;
in Zimbabwe</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
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                <text>JOURNAL OF SASA</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>2020</text>
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        <name>authenticity</name>
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        <name>digitisation</name>
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        <name>integrity</name>
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        <name>legislation</name>
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        <name>standards</name>
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        <name>Zimbabwe</name>
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          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="75">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1606">
                <text>THE ROLE OF TERTIARY EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE RECORDS AND&#13;
ARCHIVES MANAGEMENT DISCIPLINE IN ZIMBABWE&#13;
&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
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            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>GODFREY TSVUURA&#13;
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              <elementText elementTextId="1608">
                <text>SAMSON MUTSAGONDO</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1609">
                <text>This work sought to explore the role of tertiary education institutions in the&#13;
development of the records and archives management discipline in Zimbabwe. The paper&#13;
assessed the contributions made by the few tertiary institutions offering records management&#13;
training, the relevance of their curricula in the country and the professional status of records&#13;
and archives professionals in industry and society as well as the challenges faced by tertiary&#13;
education institutions in offering the programme. Polytechnic colleges currently offer the&#13;
National Certificate, National Diploma and Higher National Diploma, while universities offer&#13;
bachelors’ degrees and only one university offers a master’s degree. The study made use of the&#13;
survey research design where data were collected through questionnaires and interviews. It was&#13;
discovered that more still needed to be done in opening up training opportunities for information&#13;
professionals as currently only 3 out of 15 universities and 5 out of 7 polytechnic colleges in&#13;
Zimbabwe offer records management training. Restricted capacity has a negative impact on&#13;
institutions already offering the programme as well as on would-be trainees.</text>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="1610">
                <text>International Journal of English and Education</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>2015</text>
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