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                <text>THE ATTITUDES OF EMPLOYERS AND CO-WORKERS TOWARDS THE EMPLOYMENT OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES IN ZIMBABWE</text>
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                <text>BARBRA MAPURANGA</text>
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                <text>This study was a systemic enquiry into attitudes of employers and co-workers towards employees with disabilities in the community of Chitungwiza in Zimbabwe. A qualitative case study method was used to carry out this study. The purposive sampling method was used to select thirty (30) participants into the study. A sample of ten (10) employers, ten (10) co-workers and ten (10) employees with disabilities were chosen as the subjects. The interview and observation were used to generate data. Among other findings, the major findings in this study were that employees with disabilities were discriminated in the workplace. Co-workers perceived PWDs as generally incompetent as they would need the assistance of fellow workers to accomplish tasks while employers were of the view that some of these PWDS scare away customers while some are dependent on fellow workers for the accomplishment of tasks. The same employers perceived most PWDS as lacking knowledge and having poor qualifications rendering them unemployable. Co-workers felt that employees with disabilities need maximum supervision and needed to be assigned special tasks suitable to their conditions. From these findings, it was recommended that co workers needed to change their attitude towards employees with disabilities. The Ministry of Labour needs to establish incentive packages for companies that employ persons with disabilities to encourage employment of more persons with disabilities. Such incentive packages can be in the form of exemption of tax payment by such companies. The Ministry can implement such programmes like the quota system and the levy and grants system like what happens in the developed countries. The Ministry can also strengthen and activate laws that will act against discrimination and marginalisation of person with disabilities. Advocacy through disability movements be encouraged by all sectors of the economy. This will encourage implementation of reforms instituted by the responsible ministry or ministries.</text>
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                <text>INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON MANAGERIAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH</text>
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                <text>PERCEPTIONS OF PARENTS OF CHILDREN LIVING WITH DISABILITIES ON INCLUSIVE EDUCATION. A CASE OF TWO URBAN HIGH SCHOOLS IN GWERU &#13;
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                <text>MWASHITA MUSHIPE</text>
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                <text>This study investigated the perceptions of parents of children living with disabilities regarding the efficacy of inclusive education in two urban high schools in Gweru, Zimbabwe. The research was conducted at two selected urban High Schools in Gweru, Zimbabwe. The schools  used were Thornhill High School and Chaplin High School. The study was qualitative in nature. A target population of 154 people was used. A sample of 45 was used. Purposive sampling and snowball sampling techniques were used. Data were also collected from parents and teachers of children living with disabilities, key informants, including three representatives from the Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education and two officials from local NGOs working with children living with disability. Data were collected through focus group discussions and interviews. The findings revealed that children with disabilities experience significant social isolation and discrimination, which negatively affects their academic and social development. This, in turn, places a substantial psychological and nemotional burden on their parents. The study concludes with recommendations for community-based support, family-centred care and the provision of specialised school facilities and equipment to better support these children and their families.</text>
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                <text>The Zimbabwe Open University Journal of Applied Social Sciences</text>
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                <text>A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF EXPERIENCES OF STREET VENDORS IN HARARE URBAN: A CASE OF FEMALES WHO ARE DEAF</text>
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                <text>PHILLIPA MUTSWANGA</text>
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                <text>DAVID CHAKUCHICHI</text>
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                <text>The presence of both male and female street vendors with hearing impairment on the city of Harare streets particularly young mothers gave impetus to this study. The study focused on identification of causes, effects and remedies to the issue of workplace child rearing by mothers with hearing impairment. Using the qualitative research paradigm the research employed the ethnographic design to collect data. Snowballing was used to select deaf participants who had vending experience of two years and above. The researchers were the main instruments using observations, narratives and in-depth interviews to collect information. Using six accounts of narratives and extensive in-depth interviews with six female street vendors with hearing impairment in the city of Harare, this study explored how their workplace child rearing practices impacted on the livelihoods of their children. The study identified unemployment and low education level as key prompters driving females with hearing impairment into vending for survival. Vending influenced the way most females who are deaf managed their children’s upbringing. The study noted with concern that, although vending promoted self sustainance and empowerment it had its own challenges such as, exposure to abuse and other negative street experiences. The family systems theory and the ubuntu philosophy formed the platform for this study. The findings from the study revealed a high need for the City Council of Harare to create decent authorised vending systems and how to mitigate challenges of street life. Increase in street toilets was highlighted as essential for both the vendors and their customers and the public in general. Revealed experiences from the study were expected to influence social policy on child rearing practices for parents with disabilities and the quality of parenting in line with the children’s rights.</text>
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                <text>THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES &amp; SOCIAL STUDIES</text>
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                <text>PERCEPTIONS OF PEOPLE WHO ARE DEAF ON SIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING AND COMMUNICATION BY HEARING PEOPLE: HARARE URBAN, ZIMBABWE</text>
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                <text>PHILLIPA MUTSWANGA</text>
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                <text>CHRISTINE SITHOLE</text>
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                <text>The qualitative approach and the phenomenology design were employed to collect data for the study. Using in-depth interviews, observations and document analysis, the study explored the perceptions of ten people with profound Deafness on the teaching and use of the Zimbabwean Sign Language (ZSL) in Zimbabwe by hearing people. Purposive sampling was employed to select the participants for the study from the population of people who are Deaf in the streets of Harare urban. Two directors, one from the umbrella board of people with disabilities, the National Association for Societies and Care of the Handicapped (NASCOH) and the other director was from Zimbabwe National Association of the deaf (ZIMNAD), both are described as Disabled People Organisations (DPOs) in this study, they were automatically selected to participant in the study. Interest and profound Deafness were used as criteria for the sample selection. In Zimbabwe, use of SL in day- to- day communication and learning did not have a legal status until March 2013. The current acceptance of SL as one of the 16th languages in the 2013 constitution, though awaiting domestication, triggered this study. The study revealed that hearing people were influencing the type of SL the people who are Deaf should learn. The study declared people who are Deaf as the experts to the SL that should be taught or used in Zimbabwe. The study aims to place Zimbabwe amongst global competitors on issues of Deaf education.</text>
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                <text>GREENER JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING STUDIES</text>
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                <text>SPEECHREADING EXPERIENCES OF CHILDREN WHO ARE D/DEAF: A CASE OF HARARE URBAN, ZIMBABWE</text>
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                <text>The study explored the speechreading experiences of five people who are deaf and five, hard of hearing born to hearing parents. Speechreading is often used synonymously with the term lipreading though both have similarities and differences. Speechreading is more than lipreading. It is the ability to perceive speech by watching movement of speaker’s mouth and other visible cues such as facial expressions, gestures and message context. This study was driven by the encounters the researcher had with people who were deaf or hard of hearing born to hearing parents. The people complained that their hearing parents blocked them from learning Sign Language, as their first language and forced them to speechread only. Besides, debates and controversies over whether speechreading was an effective skill for communication and learning for people who are deaf or hard of hearing were other factors. A qualitative approach, which applied a case study design, was employed to carry out the study. In-depth interviews, observations and related literature reviews were used to collect data. The study was guided by the bilingual deaf education framework. Collected data was analysed and coded into patterns and themes deduced from the responses. The results of the study showed that, most hearing parents including educationists and siblings forced children who are deaf or hard of hearing to interpret all spoken correspondences and learning through speechreading. Thus, by forcing them to function as hearing people they made them sacrifice their integrity. The actions were concluded to be out of ignorance, thus, the study recommended mainstreaming of bilingual deaf education in Zimbabwean institutions including families. </text>
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                <text>GREENER JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING STUDIES</text>
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                <text>AN EXPLORATION OF PERSONAL EXPERIENCES OF DEAF PEOPLE IN ACCESSING,&#13;
PARTICIPATING AND COMPLETING HIGHER EDUCATION IN ZIMBABWE&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>PHILLIPA MUTSWANGA</text>
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                <text>The study qualitatively employed the phenomenology design to explore the&#13;
experiences of the 32 participants selected through snowballing and purposive&#13;
sampling to establish the extent to which Zimbabwean Universities enabled deaf&#13;
people to access, participate and successfully complete their studies. Point of&#13;
saturation determined the sample size. Access to higher education [HE] is&#13;
currently recognised as a bridge to a fulfilling life for all people but its applicability&#13;
to deaf people was reported by several studies as insignificant despite the&#13;
influences of robust legislations. Narratives, in-depth interviews, non-participant&#13;
observations, focus group discussions and document analysis were used to&#13;
collect data which was further thematically analysed. Emerging patterns and&#13;
themes were then generated and triangulated to augment the findings.&#13;
Augmentation made the data trustworthy and creditable although its&#13;
generalisability was not representative enough because of the sample size, a&#13;
limitation which triangulation took care of. The findings were guided by the social&#13;
justice principles of the ubuntu philosophy and the symbiotic transformative&#13;
theory. The study participants argued that institutions of higher education did not&#13;
include deaf people [PWDs] in their plans and that benchmarked the formidable&#13;
barriers which made their participation remain insignificant. However, the study&#13;
noted other contributing factors as; unfocused visions of universities,&#13;
inappropriate teaching styles, unfriendly infrastructures, negative attitudes and&#13;
styles of leadership. Furthermore, deaf participants felt that universities’&#13;
deliberate delay to respond to their applications was meant to frustrate them and&#13;
make them lose hope in persuing the status of their applications. The study&#13;
recommended that universities should redevelop their policies and provisions&#13;
with deaf people in mind. Further studies recommended that monitoring tools be&#13;
design as a measure to determine the preparedness of universities to deaf&#13;
applicants.&#13;
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                <text>ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY </text>
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                <text>SELECTED SOCIAL POLICY ISSUES: ACCESS TO AND USE OF POTABLE WATER BY&#13;
PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES IN NYAKATONDO AND FOYA VILLAGES (MOUNT&#13;
DARWIN DISTRICT, ZIMBABWE)&#13;
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                <text>TOM TOM&#13;
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                <text>EMMANUEL MUNEMO</text>
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                <text>The purpose of the study was to analyse access to potable water by people with disabilities in&#13;
Nyakatondo and Foya villages in Mount Darwin district. This district is located in Mashonaland&#13;
Central Province in Zimbabwe. The study was influenced by the lack of empirical studies on water&#13;
and disability and the acute potable water problems in the two villages. The researchers applied&#13;
ethnography to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the problem. The study aims to improve&#13;
the access to potable water by people with disabilities in the two villages. This overall aim can only&#13;
be achieved through appropriate understanding of the factors constraining access to potable water&#13;
by people with disabilities. The study shows that access to potable water is a serious development&#13;
problem in the two villages and generally the northern and north eastern parts of the district due to&#13;
low rainfall levels, low underground water levels and salty water. These problems imply that potable&#13;
water poverty is high in the two villages and the other parts of the district. The existence of merely&#13;
one borehole for each of these two villages that is located far from the villages poses potable water&#13;
challenges for people with disabilities and everyone else. Prioritisation of water development and&#13;
convenient water delivery are key recommendations for the transformation of the wellbeing of people&#13;
with disabilities and everyone else. The improved water services in the villages should also entail the&#13;
designing and redesigning of water facilities to enhance accessibility, access, usability and safety for&#13;
people with disabilities</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Social Science and Economics Invention (IJSSEI</text>
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                <text>SANITARY PROVISIONS FOR PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES IN&#13;
THE 21ST CENTURY AND BRIDGING THE GAP THROUGH&#13;
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCHES&#13;
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                <text>GILLIET CHIGUNWE&#13;
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