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                <text>TWENTY FIRST CENTURY AND REHABILITATION PROGRAMMES FOR INMATES IN ZIMBABWE PRISONS</text>
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                <text>ITAI SAMANYANGA&#13;
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                <text>GILLIET CHIGUNWE </text>
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                <text>The study was set to establish the extent to which Zimbabwe Prisons and Correctional Services (ZPCS) provide rehabilitation and correctional services. World over, people are imprisoned after the courts have found them to be guilt of an offence. Incarcerating an offender is regarded as punishment enough. The Zimbabwe Prisons and Correctional Services adopted the international standards that emphasise rehabilitation and empowerment of inmates with employment opportunity skills whilst serving. The study adopted the qualitative paradigm and descriptive survey method. Convenient sampling and snowballing were used to select prison officers whom were involved in the interviews. The findings revealed that ZPCS emphasises on the development and empowerment of offenders to lead a crime free life through equipping them with employment and vocational skills. It was revealed that ZPCS does not have standard rehabilitation and correctional service programmes. Career guidance and counselling is not much priority provision for inmates. There is need to include career guidance programme in the rehabilitation and correctional package so that inmates make informed decisions on choosing vocational and career programmes. ZPCS should also put in place some standard measures of rehabilitation and correctional services as well as quality assurance monitoring instruments in Zimbabwe‟s prison services.</text>
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                <text>http://www.asianacademicresearch.org/</text>
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                <text>ASIAN ACADEMIC RESEARCH JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES &amp; HUMANITIES</text>
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                <text>A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF COUNSELLING PRINCIPLES THAT TEACHERS COULD USE AS TEACHING METHODS TO RESOLVE INTRA-PERSONAL CONFLICT OF LEARNERS WITH DISABILITIES IN ZIMBABWE</text>
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                <text>Using authors’ experiences and related literature, this opinion-based paper analysed and justified how counselling principles could be used to resolve the intra-personal conflicts and issues of learners with disabilities both as agents of change and teaching tools. Counselling is a helping mechanism which has existed in different institutions for a long time. This concept assists people to cope with life circumstances such as intra-personal conflicts and educational issues. As observed by the authors, teachers and schools have realised that students spend more time at schools than with their parents, thus, most of their life issues which occasionally manifests in the form of intra-personal conflicts are more felt by schools than their homes. Though the paper acknowledges all that, it is also aware that some learners bring issues and concerns from their homes which may impact on their learning in various ways. Thus, counselling may be institutionalised. This awareness has made schools take over the task of providing psychological support to all learners. In the past schools have generally concentrated on teaching leaving counselling issues to counsellors within or outside their schools but a shift in thinking and consideration is developing. This paper persuades teachers to play the dual teacher/counsellor role so as promote prompt learning, coping with life situations where feedback is a reality and matches with the learners’ immediate focus. At the same time referrals to specialists should be afforded when necessary or when need-be.</text>
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                <text>A RELOOK AT THE USEFULNESS OF INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS (IKS) IN COUNSELLING: A FOCUS ON VIEWS OF ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY MASTER OF SCIENCE IN COUNSELLING STUDENTS. </text>
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                <text>PHILLIPA MUTSWANGA </text>
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                <text>Using the qualitative approach, the study determined views of Zimbabwe Open University (ZOU) Master of Science in Counselling (MScC) students on the usefulness of Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS) in counselling. Data was collected from purposively selected participants as follows: ZOU MScC students in training (N=10); ZOU MScC awaiting graduands (N=10) and Counselling lecturers from ZOU regional centres (N-10) and two focused groups of MScC students [each with 10 participants]. Findings from the focused group discussions and document analysis were used to augment the unstructured interview findings. Issues of the paradigm shift towards IKS in development, controversies on intellectual property of IKS and contributions of IKS to knowledge development were the main thrust behind this study. Data was descriptively analysed and coded according to emerging themes and patterns. Narrative accounts of analysed documents supported the findings and where possible critical analyses on raised issues were made. Results revealed that, ZOU’s Open Distance Learning (ODL) delivery mode was the best tool to disseminate IKS. The study participants found their learning material better IKS biased than at undergraduate programme. That meant that, there was need to relook at the undergraduate programme to make it IKS conversant. The study recommended that, IKS be ingrained into all study matters for sustainable developments in Zimbabweans’ livelihoods and it further suggested that, through IK one tended to understand the self better as an African. That was further proposed to be supported by marked IKS days where people from diversified institutions showcased how their systems embraced IKS.</text>
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                <text>THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES INVENTION </text>
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                <text>KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES AND PRACTICES REGARDING&#13;
HIV AND AIDS AMONG UNIVERSITY EMPLOYEES&#13;
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                <text>KUDAKWASHE SITHOLE</text>
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                <text>SEKAI NOREEN GORE </text>
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                <text>HIV and AIDS have caused serious impacts on sustainable development in all sectors of the economy&#13;
including higher education. The need to assess risk in higher education in Africa is lacking. This piece of work&#13;
adds on to existing knowledge on HIV and AIDS among higher education institutions on knowledge, attitudes and&#13;
practices regarding the epidemic. An HIV and AIDS Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices analysis was conducted&#13;
among university employees. Data was collected using 100 questionnaires and 12 in-depth interviews from both&#13;
academic and non academic staff and descriptive statistics were used to analyse data from questionnaires and&#13;
thematic content analysis was carried out to analyse interviews. The results show that there are high knowledge&#13;
levels above 80% of HIV and AIDS, STIs among both academic and non-academic staff of all age groups and there&#13;
is no significant difference between age groups and job categories. Reported attitudes show low risk attitudes. This&#13;
however does not require that universities should not implement comprehensive HIV and AIDS programmes&#13;
because the impact of the epidemic can not be ignored.</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research </text>
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                <text>PREVENTIVE STRESS MANAGEMENT</text>
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                <text>DR. S. B. M. MARUME</text>
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                <text>DR. CHIPO MUTONGI</text>
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                <text>R. R. JUBENKANDA </text>
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                <text>C. W. NAMUSI </text>
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                <text>Because inter-group conflict is inherent in the nature of modern organized institutions,&#13;
management should be capable of resolving this conflict before the dysfunctional consequences affect&#13;
organizational performance. The ability to prevent minimizes, and to resolve conflicts successfully is an&#13;
important skill or competency which administrators or managers must develop. The various strategies for&#13;
preventing, minimizing and resolving intergroup conflicts can be classified into three main categories which will&#13;
be the focal point of this article</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>AN EVALUATION OF GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING SERVICES&#13;
OFFERED TO STUDENTS IN GWANDA URBAN AND PERI-URBAN&#13;
SECONDARY SCHOOLS&#13;
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                <text>ITAYI SAMANYANGA</text>
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                <text>DINGINDAWO NCUBE</text>
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        <name>Peri-urban</name>
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        <name>Zimbabwe</name>
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                <text>SUPPORT FOR VOLUNTARY MEDICAL MALE CIRCUMCISION (VMMC) FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG MEN AND WOMEN IN ZIMBABWE&#13;
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                <text>ANTONY CHIKUTSA&#13;
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                <text>PRANITHA MAHARAJB</text>
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                <text>Background: Medical male circumcision was introduced in Zimbabwe in 2009 as an additional HIV&#13;
prevention method. This study sought to investigate support for the roll-out of voluntary medical male&#13;
circumcision (VMMC) and men’s willingness to get circumcised for HIV prevention.&#13;
Data and Methods: Data for this study was collected from a randomly selected sample of 681 men and&#13;
women in the age group 18-49 years in Harare, Zimbabwe. The obtained data was analysed using descriptive&#13;
statistics, bivariate and regression analysis.&#13;
Results and Conclusion: The results of the study suggest that knowledge and acceptability of VMMC is&#13;
high. However, despite the relatively high knowledge and acceptability of VMMC, less than half of the male&#13;
participants were willing to undergo circumcision for HIV prevention. The study concluded that there is an&#13;
apparent gap between knowledge and acceptability of VMMC and men’s willingness to undergo circumcision&#13;
for HIV prevention.</text>
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                <text>African Population Studies</text>
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                <text>2015</text>
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        <name>HIV prevention</name>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>THE RELEVANCE OF COUNSELLING IN THE MANAGEMENT OF CLIENTS WHO&#13;
ARE PHYSICALLY DISABLED AT HOUSEHOLD LEVEL:&#13;
IMPLICATIONS TO PRACTICING COUNSELLORS&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>ITAYI SAMANYANGA &#13;
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                <text> RACHEAL MAFUMBATE</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Society attaches a stigma to many forms of disability and this leads to prejudicial treatment. The birth of a child with a&#13;
disability or chronic illness, or the discovery that a child has a disability, has a profound effect on a family. People with&#13;
disabilities are often labelled by the non disabled people as blind, wheelchair users and called names rather than as&#13;
complex human beings with specific challenges. Siblings need to adjust to a brother or sister who is disabled since the&#13;
disabling condition may require a large portion of family time, attention, money and psychological support. The&#13;
experiences of parents and siblings of a child who is disabled could be stressfulness, overprotection of the child from&#13;
associating with peers, keeping the child secluded or even going to the extent of murdering the child to get rid of the&#13;
disability considering it an abomination. Counselling is very crucial once a disability has been detected as that helps&#13;
parents and siblings of a child who is disabled to cope with the disability challenges by encouraging the household&#13;
members to offer support, manage stress and enhance coping abilities. The counsellor assists the family members&#13;
accepting objectively their child who is disabled. The research study is helpful to the community as it provides&#13;
knowledge on disability issues and management of physical disabling conditions. The study encourages participation&#13;
by people with physical disabilities in community activities and thus establishes and enhances social interaction as well&#13;
as builds strong relationships with persons who are physically disabled in community development programs</text>
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                <text>Research Journal in Organizational Psychology &amp; Educational Studies </text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2014</text>
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        <name>stigma</name>
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                <text>TWENTY FIRST CENTURY AND REHABILITATION PROGRAMMES FOR&#13;
INMATES IN ZIMBABWE PRISONS&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>SAMANYANGA ITAI &#13;
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                <text>CHIGUNWE GILLIET</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>The study was set to establish the extent to which Zimbabwe Prisons and Correctional&#13;
Services (ZPCS) provide rehabilitation and correctional services. World over, people are&#13;
imprisoned after the courts have found them to be guilt of an offence. Incarcerating an&#13;
offender is regarded as punishment enough. The Zimbabwe Prisons and Correctional Services&#13;
adopted the international standards that emphasise rehabilitation and empowerment of&#13;
inmates with employment opportunity skills whilst serving. The study adopted the qualitative&#13;
paradigm and descriptive survey method. Convenient sampling and snowballing were used&#13;
to select prison officers whom were involved in the interviews. The findings revealed that&#13;
ZPCS emphasises on the development and empowerment of offenders to lead a crime free&#13;
life through equipping them with employment and vocational skills. It was revealed that&#13;
ZPCS does not have standard rehabilitation and correctional service programmes. Career&#13;
guidance and counselling is not much priority provision for inmates. There is need to include&#13;
career guidance programme in the rehabilitation and correctional package so that inmates&#13;
make informed decisions on choosing vocational and career programmes. ZPCS should also&#13;
put in place some standard measures of rehabilitation and correctional services as well as&#13;
quality assurance monitoring instruments in Zimbabwe‟s prison services.</text>
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                <text>AARJSH&#13;
ASIAN ACADEMIC RESEARCH&#13;
J O U R N A L O F S O C I A L&#13;
S C I E N C E &amp; H U M A N I T I E S</text>
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