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                <text>ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN ACADEMIC DECISION-MAKING AND STUDENTS’ RECORDKEEPING: A CASE OF AN ODEL UNIVERSITY&#13;
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                <text>GODFREY TSVUURA</text>
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                <text>The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into higher education is reshaping traditional processes of academic decision-making and students’ recordkeeping. This study explores the use of AI in academic decision–making and students’ recordkeeping at Zimbabwe Open University (ZOU). A qualitative research methodology was adopted along with purposive sampling technique in which a sample of 5 heads of sections who deal with students’ recordkeeping were chosen as they have knowledge about the problem at hand. Data collected were analysed in thematic strands. Findings underscore that at ZOU, AI is being used to generate educational materials such as study guides, quizzes, automate administrative tasks like students grading as well as in other e-learning platforms such as My Vista, students support services, coursework material preparation and writing by students, data analytics and in widespread research. The study concludes that while AI offers significant opportunities to improve the management of students’ recordkeeping and academic decisions, its deployment must be guided by ethical principles, legal compliance, and capacity-building initiatives tomaximise benefits and mitigate risks. The study recommends the need for human oversight, inclusive data practices and robust governance frameworks to ensure fairness and accountability in AI-enabled academic decision-making and students’ recordkeeping.</text>
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                <text>Zimbabwe Open University Journal of Applied Social Sciences</text>
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                <text>ENHANCING INFORMATION LITERACY DELIVERY THROUGH ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN UNIVERSITY&#13;
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                <text>TUTANI, NOTHANDO </text>
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                <text>In the increasingly digital world, access to information is fundamental for personal development, social engagement and economic growth. In today’s information-driven society, access to information has been tremendously improved through artificial intelligence (AI). Information literacy helps equip patrons with modern digital skills enabling them to navigate the information world. The purpose of this study was to investigate the attitudes and experiences of librarians regarding the use of AI in information literacy programs to enhance access to information. Libraries and information centres can harness the use of artificial intelligence to ensure that each patron is literate, thus being able to handle information and data, its use and the creation of information resources and services. This qualitative study examines the potential of artificial intelligence in delivering of information literacy skills in higher education libraries in Zimbabwe. Interviews with selected twenty-five librarians involved in information literacy instruction were conducted. Purposive sampling was used where a select 25 librarians involved in information literacy delivery were invited to participate in the study. The findings from this study show a positive attitude toward the use of AI despite its slow implementation in information literacy training. The findings of the study will be important in contributing knowledge to the broader field of technology and information literacy instruction.</text>
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                <text>The Zimbabwe Open University Journal of Applied Social Sciences</text>
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                <text>EXCLUSION WITHIN INCLUSION: DISSENTING APPLICABILITY OF AI IN INCLUSIVE EDUCATION: CASE OF ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY&#13;
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                <text>The study sought to explore impact of ICT on PWDs. This paper provides a deeper exploration of both negative and positive attributes presented by the internet and ICT for the full participation of persons with disabilities. Whilst most scholars say accessible ICT can level the playing field for persons with disabilities across life domains including education, employment, e-governance and civic participation, financial inclusion and disaster management, this will always be a pipedream in most developing nations. Participants drawn from students with varying disabilities, student advisors and student representatives were purposively sampled. Data was collected using in depth interviews and semi structured questioners. The results showed that Exclusion and marginalisation of people living with disabilities is a fundament human rights issue. It straddles several dimensions like social, economic social, economic, political, ecological, governance as well as technological. It can be concluded that the conspired growth of ICT use in both academic and social life does not bring the same benefits to both PWDS and the mainstream population. From this, it is highly recommended that the government and other stakeholders put combined efforts to design systems which can cater for various forms of disabilities as well as taking cognisance of other variations like commodities. Additionally, policy makers and industrialists should incorporate input from people living with disabilities before implementing programs.</text>
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                <text>The Zimbabwe Open University Journal of Applied Social Sciences</text>
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                <text>GREEN MARKETING AND LIBRARY USER SATISFACTION IN ZIMBABWEAN STATE UNIVERSITIES&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>KANDIRA NOBBIE</text>
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                <text>Focused on Zimbabwe's academic libraries, this study examined how green marketing affects user satisfaction. The research was motivated by the fact that paper and paperboard, which are central to library functions, account for 65% of recyclable university waste and thus significantly influence global warming. This implies that new strategies are needed if the library is to maintain its competitiveness and achieve corporate sustainability. The study aimed to determine the benefits of green practices on library user satisfaction. The study was quantitative, with a multi-case research design. An online questionnaire was utilised to collect data from 315 academic librarians at their workstations, drawn from a total population of 598. Data was analysed with SPSS. The study found that there is a direct link between library user satisfaction and the green marketing. The study concluded that to achieve user satisfaction, the library's greening should be prioritised.</text>
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                <text>THE IMPACT OF AI ON PRIVACY AND SECURITY OF DATA IN UNIVERSITIES IN ZIMBABWE: A&#13;
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                <text>In this empirical paper we discussed the impact of AI on data privacy and security in universities in Zimbabwe. The integration of how artificial intelligence (AI) in universities has transformed various aspects of educational systems offering enhanced efficiencies and personalised learning experiences were discussed. This technological advancement raises significant concerns regarding data privacy and security. As universities increasingly rely on AI systems that process vast amounts of sensitive information, the risk of data breaches and unauthorised access escalates. With a focus on Zimbabwe, this research offers a systematicliterature analysis of the effects of AI on data security and privacy in higher education. The study explores topics such as application of AI in universities, data privacy and security concerns, ethical and legal gaps in the application of AI and prospects for AI adoption in a responsible manner, drawing on both worldwide and regional studies. The paper is couched in Information Security Theory which evolved in the 1970s–1980s within the field of computer security as government, military and corporate institutions began formulating formal information assurance standards (Bishop, 2003). Information Security Theory model became widely recognised through the U.S Department of Defense publication and the early academic security literature. The findings suggest that AI increases efficiency and personalisation in universities, it also puts universities at risk for algorithmic bias, data breaches and poor information governance. In Zimbabwean universities, these risks are worse due to inadequate infrastructure, poor implementation of data privacy laws and regulations and insufficient knowledge. The study ends by suggesting that strong legislative policies, cybersecurity frameworks and effective digital literacy programmes should be implemented to ensure responsible AI use.</text>
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                <text>EQUITY ON INFORMATION ACCESS OF LIBRARY SERVICES TO STUDENTS WITH SENSORY DISABILITIES AT SELECTED UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES IN HARARE, ZIMBABWE&#13;
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                <text>ARIEL MUVHUNZWI</text>
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                <text>This study examines equity of information access for students with sensory disabilities relating to visual and hearing impairments at university libraries in Harare, Zimbabwe, identifying barriers and opportunities for inclusive library services. A mixed-methods approach was employed, incorporating surveys, interviews and observational assessments across three major university libraries: University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe Open University, and Midlands State University (Harare Campus). The study involved 35 students with sensory disabilities, 15 library staff members and accessibility audits of physical and digital library environments. Findings reveal significant inequities in information access, with physical inaccessibility of libraries, lack of infrastructure to support assistive technologies, and inadequately trained staff being primary barriers. Digital accessibility gaps were particularly pronounced, with navigation difficulties, incompatibility with access tools and inadequate labelling of links preventing effective use of online resources. Correlation analysis revealed strong positive relationships between assistive technology availability and staff knowledge (r = .65, p &lt; .01), and strong negative correlations between accessibility improvements and academic challenges (r = –.60, p &lt; .01). The study provides actionable recommendations for university administrators and librarians to improve accessibility and ensure equitable information access. This is the first comprehensive study examining sensory disability accessibility across multiple university libraries in Zimbabwe, contributing to limited African literature on this topic.</text>
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                <text>The Zimbabwe Open University Journal of Applied Social Sciences</text>
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                <text>LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICES IN SUPPORT OF DISTANCE EDUCATION:THE CASE OF ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY, MASHONALAND CENTRALREGIONAL LIBRARY&#13;
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GODFREY TSVUURA</text>
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                <text>Distance education at tertiary level in Zimbabwe has been widely accepted and adopted by many&#13;
people. More often, distance education students face difficulties in getting required information&#13;
to complete assignments and prepare for examinations. The study sought to examine the library&#13;
and information services in support of distance education at Mashonaland Central Regional&#13;
Library in Bindura.&#13;
The research methods were mixed-research designs in which both qualitative and quantitative&#13;
techniques were employed. These included review of related literature, interviews and&#13;
questionnaires. The findings were that the lack of computers and internet services were the major&#13;
constraints that hindered the students from using the library. This had been indicated by 91% of&#13;
the respondents. Recommendations were that the regional library should increase the provision&#13;
of library and information services to its distance education students.</text>
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                <text>INDIGENOUS MEDICINAL KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER AMONG THE MAUNGWE PEOPLE: MAKONI&#13;
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&#13;
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GIFT RUPANDE</text>
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                <text>The study interrogated the intergenerational transfer of indigenous medicinal knowledge and&#13;
the psychology underpinning indigenous healing among the Maungwe people of Makoni&#13;
District. The overarching research question was how do indigenous medical practitioners&#13;
(IMPs) transfer the knowledge of indigenous medicines to the younger generation? Limited&#13;
studies on establishing factors which affect transfer of indigenous medicinal knowledge&#13;
(IMK) were done. The transactional communication model, the Afrocentric and the social&#13;
learning theories were the theoretical frameworks used in this study. The researcher adopted&#13;
interpretivism as the philosophy underpinning this qualitative study and relativist ontology.&#13;
The researcher adopted the multi-sited ethnography as a research design. The sample&#13;
consisted of three focus groups, each comprising of five participants and ten IMPs. Data&#13;
generation methods used were in-depth interviews, focus group discussions and observations.&#13;
Results of this study could be significant to organizations such as Zimbabwe National&#13;
Traditional Healers Association (ZINATHA), the medical fraternity, policy makers, Makoni&#13;
community, and researchers. Transfer of IMK is through apprenticeship training by the parent&#13;
or relative or through the teachings of the grandparents at the “Dare” (the meeting place) or&#13;
through observations. Ancestor initiated dreams; apprenticeship as well as being taken and&#13;
taught indigenous medicines by the mermaid under water are some of the ways of acquiring&#13;
IMK. The conclusions from this study showed that IMK is mainly in the hands of healers and&#13;
elders who are in their late forties and older. Christianity, lack of documentation of&#13;
indigenous medical practices, modernity, the disintegration of the extended family, and&#13;
secrecy of indigenous medical practitices, are some of the factors which were found to be&#13;
negatively affecting intergenerational transfer of IMK. The study recommends that IMPs&#13;
should document IMK so that this knowledge is not lost to future generations. IMPs should&#13;
not be over retentive with IMK for the benefit of the youth and other members of the society.</text>
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                <text>ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY</text>
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                <text>UNPACKING EDUTAINMENT FOR CHILDREN&#13;
DEVELOPMENT WITHIN COMMUNITY RESOURCE&#13;
CENTRES IN GWERU, ZIMBABWE&#13;
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                <text>n the past decades, children used to acquire valuable insights and knowledge through storytelling and&#13;
folklore sessions from adults within the community, schools and libraries. Such sessions, termed educational&#13;
entertainment (edutainment), used to play a pivotal role in the development of children with regards to&#13;
cohesion in the society, ensuring moral behaviour, at the same instance acting as a source of entertainment.&#13;
The advancement in technology has shifted the mode of edutainment, from storytelling to virtual classrooms&#13;
and gaming-based approaches. This has been a global paradigm shift, yet most information centres, and&#13;
libraries in the developing world are still to realise adequate infrastructure able to facilitate edutainment for&#13;
children. The purpose of this study was, therefore, to derive mechanisms that could be put in place by&#13;
libraries, and information centres to ensure edutainment for children, focusing on Mkoba in Gweru as a&#13;
case. The study was qualitative in nature, utilising opinions and view-points from study participants. Expert&#13;
sampling was used to select librarians, and information centres’ staff members. Captive sampling was used&#13;
to select community members. Interviews were used to gather data from librarians and information centre&#13;
staff members. Questerviews were used to gather data from the library and information centres’ users. The&#13;
study found out that the dynamic nature of technology and lack of training and capacity development&#13;
therefore, of library and information centres’ staff members were a challenge in the implementation of&#13;
edutainment. In addition, the study found out that financial challenges hindered libraries and information&#13;
centres from instituting edutainment. Furthermore, the study found out that lack of an effective user needs&#13;
assessment was another challenge. As the libraries and information centres were not fully aware of the&#13;
library and information needs of its users, including children. As a way forward, the study signified the need&#13;
for training and capacity building of staff members by the institute management. In addition, the study also&#13;
revealed that the diverse open source edutainment application programmes that do not have financial&#13;
implications. A user assessment survey by the libraries and information centres was also noted as a strategic&#13;
mechanism to ensure awareness of effective edutainment facilities for children</text>
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                <text>International Open and Distance Learning Journal </text>
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        <name>Gweru Memorial Library</name>
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        <name>information centres</name>
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                <text>RELEVANCE OF MIXED METHODS&#13;
RESEARCH IN DEVELOPING A&#13;
FRAMEWORK FOR DIGITISING&#13;
RECORDS AND ARCHIVES&#13;
GODFREY TSVUURA&#13;
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                <text>This chapter discusses the relevance of mixed methods research in developing a framework for digitising&#13;
records and archives. Mixed methods research has never been extensively used to find solution to the&#13;
problems experienced in digitising records and archives. Digitisation, in general, has become a diverse&#13;
area whose problems cannot be solved with a mono research methodology. The application of both quan-&#13;
titative and qualitative techniques in finding solutions in the digitisation of records and archives would&#13;
help records and archives professionals to have a deeper understanding of the difficulties associated&#13;
with digitising records and archives, especially as the field is facing some rebirth due to advancement&#13;
in technology. Digitisation of records and archives is revolving and gaining momentum due to the shifts&#13;
of paradigms in techniques of record-keeping.</text>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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                <text>© ESARBICA ISSN 2220-6442 | ESARBICA JOURNAL, VOL. 40, 2021&#13;
CREATION AND STORAGE OF RECORDS IN THE CLOUD BY ZIMBABWE&#13;
OPEN UNIVERSITY&#13;
&#13;
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                <text> GODFREY TSVUURA</text>
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                <text>KUDZAI D MBAWUYA&#13;
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                <text>PATRICK NGULUBE</text>
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                <text>This study investigated the challenges and prospects of creating and storing records in&#13;
the cloud by Zimbabwe Open University in Zimbabwe. Like other universities in&#13;
Zimbabwe, the university adopted Education 5.0 advocated by the government in&#13;
2019. Consequently, the university came up with innovation hubs and industrial parks&#13;
that became centres for records creation. Keeping all records in the computer without&#13;
appropriate backups and servers has consequences such as losing vital records.&#13;
Organisations around the world use cloud computing increasingly to address records&#13;
storage and disposal. Adoption of cloud computing services carries with it cost&#13;
implications, and legal and ownership challenges as the virtualised environments are&#13;
hosted and managed by third parties. The objective of this study was to examine the&#13;
management, operational, legal and technical issues surrounding the storage of&#13;
records in the cloud, and the implications for their trustworthiness and authenticity.&#13;
The study adopted a qualitative research design and drew data from interviews with&#13;
key participants. Qualitative data were organised into broad themes and the content&#13;
reported in narrative form. The study found that Zimbabwe Open University is not&#13;
using cloud computing services effectively and is in the trial phase of cloud&#13;
computing. It further found that there was a lack of collaboration between the&#13;
information and communication technology and the records management units as the&#13;
university decided to move to the cloud on a full-scale basis. The study recommends&#13;
that the university should first address the management, operational, legal and&#13;
technical issues surrounding the storage of records in the cloud before implementing&#13;
the complete use of the cloud. The study deepens the understanding of cloud&#13;
computing in the management of records at the university, and other state universities&#13;
in Zimbabwe can use this study to deal with the management of records in the cloud.</text>
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                <text>ESARBICA </text>
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                <text>A FRAMEWORK FOR THE DIGITISATION OF RECORDS AND ARCHIVES&#13;
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&#13;
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                <text>This research study investigates the digitisation of records and archives at two selected state&#13;
universities in Zimbabwe, namely, Zimbabwe Open University (ZOU) and Harare Institute of&#13;
Technology (HIT). The two state universities have embarked on digitisation of their records and&#13;
archives resources in line with new technological trends of carrying out business online in both&#13;
teaching and administration. Mukred et al. (2019), and Mukred and Yusof (2018) stated that digital&#13;
technology in the educational sector can play a positive role in building on traditional learning&#13;
and teaching methods, enabling students to have easy access to the information they need and&#13;
leveraging academic achievements. However, Ambira, Kemoni and Ngulube (2019) observed that&#13;
digitisation, in most cases, is disjointed and uncoordinated, with each section adopting its strategy&#13;
and approach. Such practices negate the collective principle and responsibility of working jointly&#13;
towards delivering goods and services to stakeholders (Ambira et al. 2019).&#13;
The objective of this study was to determine whether the state universities were using a model or&#13;
framework for managing the digital records and archives, as digitisation of records and archives&#13;
must be a well-planned project with adequate resources and framework of operation (Tsvuura &amp;&#13;
Ngulube 2020). Another objective was to identify the gaps that exist in the digitisation of records and&#13;
archives in the two selected state universities and recommend ways of filling those gaps, if they exist</text>
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                <text>South African Journal of Information Management</text>
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        <name>university records</name>
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                <text>DIGITISATION OF RECORDS AND ARCHIVES AT TWO SELECTED&#13;
STATE UNIVERSITIES IN ZIMBABWE&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>GODFREY TSVUURA&#13;
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                <text>PATRICK NGULUBE</text>
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                <text>This study focused on the digitisation of records and archives at two selected state universities in&#13;
Zimbabwe, namely Zimbabwe Open University (ZOU) and Harare Institute of Technology (HIT).&#13;
The specific objective was to evaluate the legal and statutory frameworks for managing the&#13;
digitisation of records and archives at the state universities. The legislative and statutory&#13;
imperatives in Zimbabwe, the exponential growth in digitised records and archiving in the state&#13;
universities and the lack of capacity of records personnel with regard to the management of digital&#13;
records and archives, motivated this study. The records of the state universities are stored on&#13;
network servers that the university can access. However, individual users are often able to copy or&#13;
move them to individual desktops and portable devices that are beyond the university’s control.&#13;
The study adopted a mixed methods convergent parallel research design and collected data through&#13;
questionnaires and interviews. The data collection instruments provided both quantitative and&#13;
qualitative data. Quantitative data were analysed using the SPSS analytical software package,&#13;
while qualitative data were organised into broad themes and the content reported in narrative form.&#13;
The findings were that both respondents and participants understand the records management&#13;
functions in their universities and both state universities are busy creating policies and procedures&#13;
for the digitisation of records and archives in their business transactions. The findings further&#13;
indicated that the two state universities were digitising their records and archives using untrained&#13;
personnel. Legislation, policies, and standards and procedures were not enforced. This exposed&#13;
the materials to major threats and risks in terms of their integrity, security and authenticity. The&#13;
study recommended that there the legal and statutory frameworks must be formulated,&#13;
implemented and enforced to cater for the digitisation of records and archives at state universities&#13;
in Zimbabwe</text>
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                <text>JOURNAL OF SASA</text>
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                <text>THE ROLE OF TERTIARY EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE RECORDS AND&#13;
ARCHIVES MANAGEMENT DISCIPLINE IN ZIMBABWE&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>GODFREY TSVUURA&#13;
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                <text>SAMSON MUTSAGONDO</text>
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                <text>This work sought to explore the role of tertiary education institutions in the&#13;
development of the records and archives management discipline in Zimbabwe. The paper&#13;
assessed the contributions made by the few tertiary institutions offering records management&#13;
training, the relevance of their curricula in the country and the professional status of records&#13;
and archives professionals in industry and society as well as the challenges faced by tertiary&#13;
education institutions in offering the programme. Polytechnic colleges currently offer the&#13;
National Certificate, National Diploma and Higher National Diploma, while universities offer&#13;
bachelors’ degrees and only one university offers a master’s degree. The study made use of the&#13;
survey research design where data were collected through questionnaires and interviews. It was&#13;
discovered that more still needed to be done in opening up training opportunities for information&#13;
professionals as currently only 3 out of 15 universities and 5 out of 7 polytechnic colleges in&#13;
Zimbabwe offer records management training. Restricted capacity has a negative impact on&#13;
institutions already offering the programme as well as on would-be trainees.</text>
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                <text>International Journal of English and Education</text>
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                <text>THE VALUE OF AN INFORMATION POLICY&#13;
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                <text>DR. CHIPO MUTONGI&#13;
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                <text>DR. S. B. M. MARUME&#13;
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Information policy is the glue that holds the proper management of information for nations and&#13;
organisations. Information if not well managed poses challenges to privacy and confidentiality, intellectual&#13;
rights, security, reliability, accountability and responsibility. This then calls for information policy to maintain&#13;
proper rules and procedures in the use of formation for effective and efficient information flow. This paper&#13;
shows the value of having an information policy. The dangers of not having an information policy are&#13;
articulated which include inconsistency, repetition of work and lack of accountability.</text>
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                <text>IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS)</text>
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                <text>THE USAGE OF ELECTRONIC RESOURCES AT ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY&#13;
MIDLANDS LIBRARY, GWERU, ZIMBABWE&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>MTHOKOZISI MASUMBIKA NCUBE&#13;
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                <text> WILLARD TARUMBIRA</text>
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                <text>he advent of electronic resources in academic&#13;
circles towards the end of the 20th&#13;
I. INTRODUCTION&#13;
century presaged a fresh&#13;
landmark for research and scholarship as the innovation&#13;
offered academics and scholars in universities with extensive,&#13;
timely and contemporary sources of information. Therefore,&#13;
this research grew out of the realization that regardless of&#13;
numerous exertions that have been made by the Zimbabwe&#13;
Open University Midlands library to enhance access to these&#13;
resources, their usage among scholars remained very limited.&#13;
This pragmatic study, conducted in this library in Gweru,&#13;
endeavoured to find out why the utilization of electronic&#13;
resources within the library was limited, and also institute&#13;
what could be done to correct this problem. The study used&#13;
questionnaires, interviews, and observations to gather&#13;
information. The study established that the major cause of&#13;
low usage of electronic resources in the library was due to the&#13;
inadequate ICT resources within the library, which in turn&#13;
caused slow Internet connectivity. The study also established&#13;
that some of the students were not aware of the electronic&#13;
resources offered by the library. Therefore, the study&#13;
recommends that the library acquires adequate ICT&#13;
resources that facilitate electronic resources access; this&#13;
would also include increasing the bandwidth of the network&#13;
to expedite the Internet connectivity. The study also&#13;
recommends that the library undertakes diverse strategies to&#13;
market the electronic resources that the library offers. In&#13;
essence, the library should take a pro-active approach in&#13;
ensuring that electronic resources are utilized by students in&#13;
order for them to produce up to standard academic work,&#13;
and also such that they can enrich themselves through these&#13;
resources.</text>
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        <name>Electronic resources</name>
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        <name>electronic resources usage</name>
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        <name>Zimbabwe Open University Midlands library.</name>
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                <text>THE ROLE OF THE SCHOOL LIBRARY MEDIA CENTRE IN ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT&#13;
WITHIN SELECTED SCHOOLS IN MIDLANDS AND MASHONALAND CENTRAL,&#13;
ZIMBABWE&#13;
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                <text>STEPHEN TSEKEA&#13;
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                <text>The role played by school libraries in ensuring academic excellence has been vividly overlooked&#13;
in most literature, and within Zimbabwe in particular. Therefore, this article looked at the&#13;
contribution of the school library media centre towards the performance of pupils in selected&#13;
schools within Midlands and Mashonaland Central provinces between year 2009 and 2014 at a&#13;
Zimbabwean school setup. The essence of a school library media centre is to provide access to&#13;
diverse educational and recreational resources to enhance the performance of pupils. However,&#13;
as schools were ranked every year, schools that had always topped the rankings continued to do&#13;
so year in and year out. The rankings showed that schools with good grades at Ordinary Level&#13;
examinations continued to perform well at Advanced Level examinations. Therefore, this&#13;
qualitative study endeavored to explore the role that was played by libraries in the success of&#13;
such schools. The study selected schools from Mashonaland Central and Midlands provinces in&#13;
Zimbabwe that had performed well and those that did not perform well. Data was gathered using&#13;
from the Zimbabwe Library Association (ZIMLA) members in the two provinces, school&#13;
librarians, teacher librarians, general teachers and pupils within the selected schools.&#13;
Questerviews, interviews and observations. Results of the study indicated that schools that had&#13;
effective school library media centers performed better than their counterparts. The study further&#13;
found out that the major hindrance that affected the effectiveness of some school libraries in&#13;
information provision was lack of resources, that is human, financial and material resources. The&#13;
study hence concluded that school libraries media centers played a significant role in the&#13;
performance of pupils and thus it was therefore imperative for the libraries to be equipped with&#13;
adequate resources that would enable their effectiveness. In addition, the study further&#13;
recommends that various players in the library profession come into play in ensuring that school libraries within the two provinces are manned by individuals that have the necessary&#13;
competencies and skills in library management.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2020</text>
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        <name>academic achievement</name>
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        <name>Mashonaland Centra</name>
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        <name>Midlands</name>
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        <name>performance of pupils</name>
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        <name>School library</name>
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                <text>HE LOW LIBRARY USAGE BY UNIVERSITY&#13;
STUDENTS: A CASE ON ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY&#13;
MIDLANDS REGIONAL LIBRARY, GWERU, ZIMBABWE&#13;
&#13;
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>The Zimbabwe Open University Midlands regional library acts as a back bone for the Zimbabwe&#13;
Open University Midlands Region, as it has in place resources and services meant to cater for&#13;
the diverse library needs of its stakeholders, at the same time encouraging extensive study habits&#13;
and life-long learning. However, there is a very low usage of library resources and services by&#13;
the university students. Therefore this pragmatic research intended to establish the reasons&#13;
behind this low usage and recommend measures that can be taken to increase the student’s use&#13;
of the library, through the use of a case study research design. The study used semi-structured&#13;
questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, observations and document analysis to collect data.&#13;
The study identified that some of the resources within the library did not meet the needs of the&#13;
students, and also that the library was inconveniently located, thus making it difficult for most&#13;
students to visit and use the library. Therefore, for the library to be deemed relevant, the&#13;
research recommends that relevant resources be acquired in the library. Also the research&#13;
recommends that the library be relocated to a more strategic position, to enable maximum&#13;
utilization by students</text>
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                <text>IJRSS</text>
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        <name>Zimbabwe Open University</name>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
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                <text>PUBLIC LIBRARIES AND NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLANS:&#13;
A CASE OF GWERU PUBLIC LIBRARIES ON THE ZIMBABWE&#13;
AGENDA FOR SUSTAINABLE SOCIO-ECONOMIC&#13;
TRANSFORMATION (ZIMASSET)&#13;
&#13;
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>MTHOKOZISI MASUMBIKA NCUBE</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Access to information is an indispensable pillar underpinning&#13;
national development goals and sustainable development within communities.&#13;
Public libraries in Zimbabwe are expected to have mechanisms to support and&#13;
implement national strategies and policies, such as ZimAsset, to benefit the&#13;
communities they serve. However, public libraries in Gweru have not been&#13;
active in terms of propagating informational resources on ZimAsset. The&#13;
libraries were failing to propagate information on ZimAsset due to lack of&#13;
resources, this included financial, materials and human resources. In addition,&#13;
the study found out that the Mtapa and Mkoba 6 libraries were underdeveloped&#13;
to such an extent that they were not functional. The libraries should undertake&#13;
diverse fund raising activities to generate income and advocate for volunteers&#13;
and attachés. In addition, the library should undertake continuous needs&#13;
assessment to anticipate informational needs of its various clients to ensure that&#13;
the library provides relevant information on ZimAsset</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="1066">
                <text>Int. J. Sustainable Society</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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        <name>Gweru community</name>
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        <name>Gweru Memorial Library</name>
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        <name>national development</name>
      </tag>
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        <name>ublic libraries</name>
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        <name>ZimAsset</name>
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      <tag tagId="30">
        <name>Zimbabwe</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="503">
        <name>Zimbabwe agenda for sustainable socio-economic transformation</name>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>PATRON BEHAVIOURAL CHALLENGES: A FOCUS ON VIOLENCE IN PUBLIC LIBRARIES WITHIN GWERU, ZIMBABWE</text>
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                <text>In Zimbabwe, the constitution indicates the freedom of expression, at the same time noting the&#13;
need for individuals to respective individual rights, including non-violent behaviours towards&#13;
others in the process of one’s expression. In addition, different legislative acts have been&#13;
instituted to prevent and alleviate violence within communities. For instance, public libraries&#13;
are governed by the National Library Documentation Services that stipulates conduct of library&#13;
staff members and patrons. Since several public libraries are managed by local authorities,&#13;
there are also bylaws that indicate the kind of behaviour that individual stakeholders are&#13;
supposed to conform to. In addition, libraries have their own rules and regulation that specify&#13;
on the kind of conduct and behaviour that staff and patrons are supposed to conform to.&#13;
Conversely, even with these legislations, policies, procedures, rules and regulations, public&#13;
libraries in Zimbabwe still face several behavioural challenges, including violent behaviour&#13;
from patrons and community members. Regrettably, there has been inadequate literature and&#13;
research around violence in libraries within a Zimbabwe context. Even within the global&#13;
context, there is lack of contemporary research on violence within public libraries. Therefore,&#13;
using a case of Gweru public libraries in Zimbabwe, this study endeavoured to reveal the causes&#13;
of violent behaviour within such libraries. Furthermore, the premise of the study was also to&#13;
expose the effects of violent behaviour within the libraries, as well as mitigation strategies that&#13;
the libraries could put in place to address violent behaviour.</text>
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        <name>public libraries</name>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>ASSOCIATION BETWEEN WANTING CIRCUMCISION AND&#13;
RISKY SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR IN ZIMBABWE: EVIDENCE&#13;
FROM THE 2010–11 ZIMBABWE DEMOGRAPHIC AND&#13;
HEALTH SURVEY&#13;
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                <text>ANTONY CHIKUTSA &#13;
&#13;
&#13;
</text>
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                <text>ALFRED C NCUBE&#13;
</text>
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                <text>SHEPHARD MUTSAU</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Zimbabwe adopted voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) as an additional HIV prevention&#13;
strategy in 2009. A number of studies have been conducted to understand the determinants of VMMC uptake but&#13;
few studies have examined the characteristics of men who are willing to get circumcised or the link between&#13;
wanting circumcision and risky sexual behaviour. This study investigated the relationship between wanting male&#13;
circumcision and engaging in risky sex behaviours. This was based on the assumption that those who are willing to&#13;
undergo circumcision are already engaging in risky sexual behaviours</text>
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                <text>Reproductive Health </text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>CAUSES OF MARITAL CONFLICTS IN CHRISTIAN&#13;
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                <text>This study investigates causes of marital conflicts in mainline and modern day Christian churches found in&#13;
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members and in-depth interviews with church leaders. The findings of the study were that marital conflicts&#13;
were caused through natural problems as well as man-generated problems. If these problems arise, they&#13;
weaken marriage bond. Therefore, the study recommended that couples must promptly react constructively&#13;
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                <text>AN UNDERSTANDING OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND HUMAN RIGHTS SUPPORTS&#13;
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                <text>The main objective of this study was to have an in-depth understanding of human rights and human rights support programmes offered by civic&#13;
organizations in harsh political and economic community in a hyper inflammatory environment. This was carried out with specia l reference to&#13;
Restoration of Human Rights Zimbabwe (ROHR Zim) as a case study. A qualitative approach using study focus group discussions and in-depth&#13;
interviews were the research instruments used. The study showed that human rights support programmes were offered after political, economic&#13;
and social crackdown in a crisis ridden community using participatory approaches. In addition, more effort and commitment wa s needed to&#13;
enhance and improve human rights support programmes in line with the technological and economical, socio -cultural and global trends.&#13;
Communities should also strive to improve human rights support programmes condition, which were generally bad in many societi es of&#13;
developing countries. This research study recommends that human rights activists, organizations and state departments should collaboratively&#13;
work together in coming up with human rights support programmes which are cultural specific utilizing available resources and expertise</text>
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                <text>EFFECTVENESS OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND HUMAN RIGHTS SUPPORTS PROGRAMMES OFFERED BY RESTORATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS ZIMBABWE IN DARWEDALE DISTRICT, ZIMBABWE.</text>
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                <text>This research study evaluates human rights support programmes offered by civic organizations in harsh political and economic community in a&#13;
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Zimbabwe (ROHR Zim) was the main objective of this research study. A qualitative approach was used in the study focus using g roup&#13;
discussions and in-depth interviews as research instruments used. The study showed that human rights support programmes which were&#13;
offered after political, economic and social crackdown in a crisis ridden community using participatory approaches were quite effective and&#13;
timely relevant. In addition, more effort and commitment was needed to enhance and improve human rights support programmes. This&#13;
research study recommends that the importance of human rights and human rights support programmes should also include peace&#13;
education programmes for the literate and illiterate, young and adults, rich and poor.</text>
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                <text>AN ANALYSIS OF CHOLERA INTERVENTIONS BY DEVELOPMENT&#13;
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                <text>This study analysed the interventions undertaken in Harare Urban District that contributed to curbing of cholera from 2008 as well as current interventions toward prevention. A mixed method approach was used combining household survey, focus group discussions and interviews.&#13;
Interventions carried out were of great assistance (awareness and prevention education, provision of temporary and long term water&#13;
supplies, sanitation and case management) although challenges in terms of mainly resources and coordination were met. Inconsistent funding to carry on with cholera prevention is still a challenge and risk factors are still abounding with some key organisations lacking capacity to act and provide the information to be acted upon. Prevention work is on-going but there is still need to continuously educate people and restore&#13;
public health infrastructure and build capacity of local authorities, regular surveillance and early detection as well as working with communities to empower them as provided for in the recommendations given by respondents. An all stakeholders workshop is therefore recommended to ensure that resources are pooled together and disaster risk reduction carried out as a way of protecting people’s health and livelihoods.</text>
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