<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<itemContainer xmlns="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5 http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5/omeka-xml-5-0.xsd" uri="https://ir.zou.ac.zw/items/browse?collection=53&amp;output=omeka-xml&amp;sort_field=Dublin+Core%2CTitle" accessDate="2026-04-21T13:50:50+02:00">
  <miscellaneousContainer>
    <pagination>
      <pageNumber>1</pageNumber>
      <perPage>25</perPage>
      <totalResults>63</totalResults>
    </pagination>
  </miscellaneousContainer>
  <item itemId="318" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="323">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/5b23e8432c073ddca4480050c14c7281.pdf</src>
        <authentication>1f711d43d4089ff062ca419cc0523b77</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="53">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="63">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1939">
                <text>&#13;
A CRITICAL ASSESSMENT OF CHALLENGES OF SUSTAINABILITY&#13;
IN THE OPERATIONS OF ANGOLAN NON-GOVERNMENTAL&#13;
ORGANISATIONS (NGOs): A CASE STUDY OF ACTIVITIES OF NGOs SAVE&#13;
THE CHILDREN AND FUNDAÇÃO YME, FROM 2000 TO 2010&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1940">
                <text>FILIPE BULOLA PANGE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1941">
                <text>Non-governmental organisations (NGOs) have gained an important role in development co-&#13;
operation during the last two decades. The development funding channelled through NGOs has&#13;
increased and the number of NGOs engaged in development activities, both in Africa and Asia,&#13;
has been growing. This qualitative case study set out to assess the critical challenges of&#13;
sustainability in the operations of Angolan NGO’s Social activities and the capacity building&#13;
process carried out by the NGO Save the Children and NGO Fundação YME, from 2000 to 2010&#13;
in Angola. This case study research was based on the organisation Save the Children and an&#13;
indigenous organisation, NGO Fundação YME, located and operating in Cabinda, Luanda,&#13;
Benguela, Huila and Namibe provinces of Angola. The aim was to evaluate the following major&#13;
research question: what are the underlying factors in the challenges of sustainability in the&#13;
operations of the national Angolan non-governmental organisations? The sub-questions were:&#13;
Why are foreign NGOs’ operations sustainable while local NGOs’ activities are non-sustainable?&#13;
Why does the challenge of sustainability in their operations continue to mount in indigenous&#13;
2&#13;
NGOs as shown by the non-sustainability of many NGOs in Angola? What are the mechanisms&#13;
or policies for sustainability used by successful NGOs? How do human, material and financial&#13;
factors enhance sustainable development outcomes in NGOs? What opportunities exist in&#13;
Angola for the realisation of sustainability of NGOs? To answer the above questions, a number&#13;
of qualitative methods and techniques were used to collect and analyse data. Among other&#13;
techniques that were used are:&#13;
Focus Group discussions with employees and volunteers, observations, key informant interviews&#13;
with different categories of participants depending on their roles and level of involvement in the&#13;
implementation of NGOs projects and also their experience in the implementation of donor aided&#13;
programs. These discussions were guided by different interviews scheduled with respective&#13;
participants. Conclusions drawn from the empirical study were among others, the major factors&#13;
contributing to the mounting challenges of sustainability of NGOs social activities in Angola,&#13;
were lack of effective leadership in the NGOs, poor strategic planning, poor vision and mission&#13;
statement. This research among others, recommended that there is need to provide for strategic&#13;
planning based on accurate information. Planning and managing the sustainability of NGOs&#13;
requires the availability of accurate and timely information that links together resource inputs to&#13;
NGO managerial outputs and process and appropriate indicators of the knowledge, skills, and&#13;
values acquired by the employees. Therefore, it was recommended that efforts should be made to&#13;
provide among others support reforms that focus on job training and management outcomes.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1942">
                <text>ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1943">
                <text>2014</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="897">
        <name>non-governmental organisations</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="204">
        <name>sustainable development</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="474" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="480">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/8be572c12b90f3576595222c8e99b124.pdf</src>
        <authentication>4f340819dd89c625855629b97e569e8d</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="53">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="63">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2858">
                <text>A FRAMEWORK OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE SYSTEMS FOR THE PERFORMANCE OF&#13;
STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES IN ZIMBABWE&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2859">
                <text>SIBANDA HONEST </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="2860">
                <text> SIFILE OBERT </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="2861">
                <text>MARIMA NERIA</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2862">
                <text>Poor governance practices have remained entrenched in both the public and private sectors despite the adoption of various legal frameworks and institutional measures aimed at promoting corporate governance practices. A close analysis of the focus of many studies conducted to date on corporate governance, reveal the existence of a gap in the search for an institutional framework of corporate governance systems for the state-owned enterprises in Zimbabwe. Poor governance has continued to haunt SOEs leading to poor service delivery. Therefore, this study using qualitative content analysis sought to develop an institutional framework of corporate governance systems for the performance of state-owned enterprises in Zimbabwe. Evidence from the study indicates that poor corporate governance in SOEs has been driven by such factors as political interference, lack of political will, poor rules and regulation in the running of SOEs among a host of other challenges. Basically, the institutional framework of corporate governance systems for the performance of state-owned enterprises in Zimbabwe that maybe adopted should comprise of the following: engage stakeholders so that they can have by-in on policies, scan and learn from best practices from elsewhere, rationalise SOEs, listing of SOEs on Public Exchanges, review and improve policy and legislation, capacity building, enhance political will, invest in corporate governance research, establish independent boards and the&#13;
unbundling monoliths and disposing non-essential SOE’s and strengthen rule or law. However, there is still need for studies on how these can be harnessed for promoting good corporate governance in SOEs</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2863">
                <text>Zimbabwe Journal of Business, Economics and Management </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2864">
                <text>2025</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="12" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="12">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/7aeda1e0e60cfcba01f800b937f76ff1.pdf</src>
        <authentication>69c42d52a33dd66a2c8e04ed12fed1c3</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="53">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="63">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="192">
                <text>A QUALITATIVE STUDY ON BEST PRACTICES IN TECHNOLOGY AFFORDANCES, ICT AND GOOD GOVERNANCE IN MANAGING HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN ZIMBABWE </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="193">
                <text>PROFESSOR GABRIEL KABANDA</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194">
                <text>The emergence and growth of unethical leadership in the corporate world in Zimbabwe militate against competitiveness of the nation. Governance issues of higher education institutions in Zimbabwe have affected their strategic response to new technological innovations and programmes associated with open educational resources (OERs), massive open online courses (MOOCS), e-learning and mobile learning in an increasingly networked environment. The purpose of the research was to evaluate the corporate governance issues that affect technology affordances and IT governance in an increasingly networked environment and the impact on strategic response to the new technologies in teaching and learning. The research methodology used was qualitative where focus group discussions were held with various groups involved in the management of higher education institutions. Semi-structured interviews were conducted on selected levels of university management on technology affordances, IT governance and business-IT alignment. Stratified sampling technique was used as the target population was stratified according to levels of management in higher education institutions, starting from the level of University Council going down to IT Managers and key users. The results show that there are corporate governance problems between the Vice Chancellor and Chairperson of the University Council, and the critical success factors were determined. However, all the higher education institutions involved in the study indicated the common problem of poor alignment between the business strategy and IT. Corporate governance and IT governance facilitate a conductive environment for technological progress and responsiveness to technological innovations such as e-learning.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195">
                <text>GLOBAL JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL STUDIES</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="196">
                <text>2015</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="197">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="34">
        <name>Business-IT  alignment</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="32">
        <name>Corporate governance</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="33">
        <name>IT governance</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="31">
        <name>Technology affordances</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="296" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="300">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/cbb7c03033081f98905889af9bb67aeb.pdf</src>
        <authentication>67fd188601539d0af02821b791248094</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="53">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="63">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1838">
                <text>A STUDY OF THE FACTORS IMPACTING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF RESULTS BASED MANAGEMENT (RBM) IN THE PUBLIC SERVICE IN ZIMBABWE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1839">
                <text>RUDO GRACE GWATA</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1840">
                <text>This study determined that the availability of capacity to implement Results Based Management&#13;
(RBM) is a major determinant of the success or failure of the strategy. The purpose of the study was&#13;
to investigate the main factors that impacted on the implementation of the RBM strategy in the&#13;
Zimbabwe Public Service. Over the past three decades, the principle of RBM has been adopted by&#13;
many Governments and public organizations worldwide to improve the implementation of national&#13;
programmes. In Zimbabwe, the strategy was introduced in 2005 with the expectation that there&#13;
would be improvement in the Public Service delivery and subsequently the lives of all stakeholders&#13;
within the delivery system. However, the results, like in many other countries, had not been realized&#13;
as expected. The study sought to understand the factors that affected the implementation of the&#13;
strategy from the perspective of individual managers in the Zimbabwe Public Service, to determine&#13;
whether or not the implementation process could help to explain the limited impact of the strategy.&#13;
Limited research had been done to explore the experiences of individuals in the implementation of&#13;
Public sector reforms. Understanding the experiences of Civil Servants regarding RBM could help to&#13;
identify strategies to improve implementation and hence increased impact of the management&#13;
strategy. Such understanding can also provide insight into the formulation of future initiatives for the&#13;
implementation of other national programmes. It is expected that this study will contribute towards&#13;
providing the Zimbabwe Public Service, and possibly other organizations, with suggestions on how&#13;
they can improve their service to stakeholders. The study used both secondary and primary data. The&#13;
secondary data was obtained through extensive study of relevant literature while the primary data&#13;
was obtained from an exploratory study that comprised purposive and snowball sampling of middle&#13;
and top managers from Head Offices of government institutions. Semi-structured open ended&#13;
questions were asked to 32 managers to explore their experiences and challenges in the&#13;
implementation of RBM. Content analysis of the original transcripts was employed to identify&#13;
emergent themes. A number of key findings emerged from this study including the inadequacy of skills, information, attitude as well as financial resources to effectively implement RBM. In the case&#13;
of financial resources, the inadequacy was reportedly in terms of both timing and quantity. Also,&#13;
there was inadequate performance by managers in both the planning and performance measurement&#13;
functions which are the core components of RBM. The main conclusion drawn from this research is&#13;
that managers, particularly those within the line Ministries, were implementing the strategy without&#13;
the requisite capacity to allow for the realization of the benefits of RBM. This study argues for a&#13;
results based capacity building model to effectively equip managers with the required capacity. That&#13;
is, a model that focuses on results emphasizes full participation of stakeholders in the identification&#13;
of knowledge needs, formulation of strategies, monitoring and evaluation of these strategies. Such&#13;
monitoring and evaluation includes the review and adjustment of the related systems as well as the&#13;
incorporation of learning and information sharing throughout the process.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1841">
                <text>Zimbabwe</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1842">
                <text>2013</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="295">
        <name>public administration</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="856">
        <name>public service</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="323" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="328">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/a62d82c5a113f6693bef33e5bba8f0cd.pdf</src>
        <authentication>fbdf2c1d0c0543f31b98cd3c50248ace</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="53">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="63">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1964">
                <text>AN ANALYSIS OF THE FACTORS INFLUENCING THE&#13;
EXCLUSION OF NON-FORMAL WORKERS FROM&#13;
THE MOZAMBICAN SOCIAL PROTECTION&#13;
SYSTEM&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1965">
                <text>DIONÍSIO CALISTO RECAMA</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1966">
                <text>This thesis was an analysis of the factors influencing the exclusion of the non-formal workers&#13;
from the Mozambique Social Protection System (MSPS). It aimed at finding mechanisms&#13;
through which the MSPS could become more comprehensive and inclusive. The social&#13;
protection system only accommodates employees from the formal sector of the economy, which&#13;
constitutes the minority of the economically active population (EAP) and also of the&#13;
Mozambican people. So, in more than 25 million of Mozambicans, of which more than 15&#13;
million are above 15 years and are EAP, of which more than 87% are out of the formal sector&#13;
and, consequently, excluded from the MSPS. In this context, the research looked out to&#13;
understand why the MSPS excludes the non-formal workers? What are the implications of this&#13;
exclusion of the non-formal workers? How the excluded workers survive in situations of illness,&#13;
invalidity, old age or death? Which mechanisms can be adopted in order to make the MSPS&#13;
more comprehensive and inclusive? To constitute the sample, it was recurred to non-probability&#13;
sampling in its convenience and purpose type, in which had employees of the National Institute&#13;
for Social Security (NISS), Municipality Council of Maputo City (MCMC), non-formal&#13;
professional associations responsible and the non-formal workers, as the research participants.&#13;
To generate data, to the sample elements, the researcher administered a questionnaire and&#13;
interview containing closed and open-ended questions. To analyse and discuss data, it was&#13;
delimited to the use of interpretivism or constructivism approach in qualitative methodology.&#13;
For presentation, analysis and discussion, it was confined to the use of technical charts and&#13;
contends analysis. As guiding theories, the study recurred to the social protection and social&#13;
network theories. Through the use of the qualitative methodology, philosophy, procedures and&#13;
theories above, it was perceived that the MSPS managed by the NISS did not include the non-&#13;
formal workers because it lacked administrative organisation to include and manage them and&#13;
because bureaucratic aspects. The NISS considered all workers that were not working at&#13;
enterprises as the non-formal, without resources to contribute to the social protection system&#13;
and difficult to find them. However, some of them were salaried, clearly locatable, with enough&#13;
financial income to contribute to the system. Moreover, some of them were continuously in&#13;
relationship with some public institutions, namely, Ministry of Economy and Finance (MEF),&#13;
Ministry of Industry and Trade (MIT), MCMC and National Institute for Statistics (NIS), which&#13;
licensed and afterwards, collected fees and tax, interacted constantly and collected important&#13;
information from them, and so on. Therefore, this exclusion, besides having no objectively real&#13;
and valid reasons, condemned these non-formal workers to social and economic vulnerability in&#13;
the future when they are at social and economic risk, such as maternity, sickness, invalidity, old&#13;
age and/or death. To minimise the impact of these situations, the excluded workers adopted&#13;
informal systems for social security or constitute professional associations, through which they&#13;
face the maternity, illness, invalidity, old age and death difficulties. That is why the NISS must:&#13;
(1) develop strategic tools for the institutional management, by which should be guided in all its&#13;
actions to cover all workers, the formal or non-formal; for that, the NISS can (2) create&#13;
partnership with the non-formal professional associations and public institutions which interact&#13;
with them, because they know who and where are then, their financial and economic conditions;&#13;
(3) consolidate the use of Information and Communications Technologies (ICTs) to facilitate&#13;
the scanning and electronic storage process of historical information of the (not)submitted&#13;
contributions to reduce the contribution evasion and inactivity of employers and workers; and&#13;
(4) develop a training plan for their employees to identify with the strategic objectives and&#13;
challenges of the institution, just to mention a few proposals. Finally, Also, it is necessary to do&#13;
a feasibility study for (1) reimbursement of the Mozambican state with respect to its&#13;
contribution rate of the non-formal workers and other segments hitherto excluded; (2) create&#13;
fiscal mechanism to provide social pensions non-contributory, i.e., welfare pensions; (3) show&#13;
the possibility to define and regulate an explicit mechanism and purpose of upgrading the&#13;
amount of benefits that can be accrued from engaging non-formal workers into the social&#13;
protection system.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1967">
                <text>ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1968">
                <text>2018</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="900">
        <name>non-formal workers</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="899">
        <name>social protection</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="96" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="94">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/71e2ff67dfbe88080ff14a5958561893.pdf</src>
        <authentication>0421a250490bf4c08f7a63e77e8032e3</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="53">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="63">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="660">
                <text>AN EXPOSITION OF PUBLIC ACCOUNTABILITY AND PUBLIC RESPONSIBILITY WITH REFERENCE TO AFRICAN COUNTRIES&#13;
&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="661">
                <text>DR. S. B. M. MARUME</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="662">
                <text>Research indicates that a reasonable number of scientists, scholars and practitioners argue that a&#13;
few terms and concepts political science, public administration and administrative law are used so freely, and&#13;
confusingly as public responsibility and public accountability. Furthermore, in many textbooks available the&#13;
impression is created that the two concepts are synonymous if not equitable. As shown in this article, this is, however, not quite true. What follows is a reasoned exposition of terminological and semasiological distinctions between public accountability and public responsibility.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="663">
                <text>International Journal of Business and Management Invention</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="664">
                <text>2016</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="299">
        <name>and synonymous</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="298">
        <name>equitable</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="296">
        <name>public accountability</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="295">
        <name>public administration</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="297">
        <name>public responsibility</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="99" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="97">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/92b0919b030c3c0e0f191ea7f7a8f6e5.pdf</src>
        <authentication>e3c07a964eaf77e104a7422519d12277</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="53">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="63">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="678">
                <text>AN EXPOSITION OF QUALITIES OF LEADERSHIP</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="679">
                <text>DR. S. B. M. MARUME&#13;
&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="680">
                <text> PROF D. NDUDZO</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="681">
                <text>Leadership, an important universal polymorphic phenomenon found in all cultures of all ages, in all&#13;
groups and based on certain sources of influence and power, exhibits certain qualities. These qualities of&#13;
leadership will constitute the subject – matter of this article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="682">
                <text>International Journal of Engineering Science Invention</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="683">
                <text>2016</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="97" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="95">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/f328a42378d0e4f90c2db8654fbde82d.pdf</src>
        <authentication>c13ab46ee3593801bba8bb67b48d19c2</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="53">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="63">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="665">
                <text>APPROACHES TO ADMINISTRATIVE LEADERSHIP</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="666">
                <text>DR. S. B. M. MARUME</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="667">
                <text>Man, the different situations in which he finds himself, the diversity of aims, objectives and functions&#13;
that he purpose and that are laid down for him and the many types of frames of reference in which he finds&#13;
himself, are all together so complex and complicated that we cannot evolve anything like a universal formula&#13;
for leadership. In fact the most that we can say and we can say it all generic elements of administration – is that&#13;
the success of leadership in the final analysis is determined by the knowledge of the leader and of the people he&#13;
leads. This knowledge includes knowledge of things outside the group’s own frame of reference. All this&#13;
constitute the subject – matter of this article.&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="668">
                <text>International Journal of Engineering Science Invention</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="669">
                <text>2016</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="350" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="355">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/b358eeb8a2ed14326b8340ddb6f39b5f.pdf</src>
        <authentication>1f4df5a74cbbfe3709b3354bcb64f257</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="53">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="63">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2119">
                <text>ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND TRAINING: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES IN THE ZIMBABWEAN MINING INDUSTRY&#13;
&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2120">
                <text>REGIS MISHEAL MUCHOWE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2121">
                <text>Artificial intelligenceis Each and every aspect of our society has been changed by artificial intel-&#13;
ligence. Artificial intelligence still a new phenomenon in Zimbabwe. The main thrust Each and&#13;
every aspect of our society has been changed by artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence is&#13;
still a new phenomenon in Zimbabwe. The main thrust of this research was to understand the&#13;
opportunities and challenges of artificial intelligence in training activities in the mining industry.&#13;
This study was guided by understand training activities that can be transformed by artificial&#13;
intelligence. The study determined the challenges of using artificial intelligence in training. The&#13;
investigator obtained data through telephone interviews that were conducted with 10 participants&#13;
from the Zimbabwe Mining Industry. The investigation employed judgemental, convenient and&#13;
snowball sampling. The study found that there is low use of artificial intelligence in the training&#13;
activities, but there are activities that can be undertaken by artificial intelligence that include&#13;
induction, online training, and refresher courses. Expensiveness, lack of skills, loss of jobs, cul-&#13;
tural and ethical implications were found to be challenges associated with the use of artificial&#13;
intelligence in the employee appointment process. Efficiency, effectiveness, enhanced trainee&#13;
experience, reduced costs and organisation brand were found to be benefits of employing artifi-&#13;
cial intelligence in training. The study recommends partnerships to be developed among mining organisations, higher and tertiary education, and technology enterprises to develop artificial intelligence software that can cost-effectively meet the needs of trainers.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2122">
                <text>MET Mangement Review - MMR</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2123">
                <text>2024</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="934">
        <name>Artificial Intelligence</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="603">
        <name>development</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="960">
        <name>Human Resources</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="961">
        <name>Mining Sector</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="959">
        <name>Training</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="368" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="373">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/db28d6653689453c1b271fa5ca3e4b1e.doc</src>
        <authentication>fa8d0bf6f9267cf7e9868457c3b8efa0</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="53">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="63">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2224">
                <text>BOARD DIVERSITY, FIRM CHARACTERISTICS AND PERFORMANCE OF COMPANIES LISTED ON THE ZIMBABWE STOCK EXCHANGE (ZSE) (2009-2015)&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2225">
                <text>ZVINAIYE CHIMBADZWA</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2226">
                <text>Many practitioners (Wilton, 2011; Abad et al., 2017; Arenas-Torres et al., 2021; Ali et al., 2022) now acknowledge that the diversity of a Board of Directors is a strength in corporate boards and the adoption of diversity in corporate boards is increasingly gaining steam as a best practice in corporate governance worldwide. Recent developments (Somathlike, 2018; Cha &amp; Jung, 2009; Saidu, 2019; Osazuwa et al., 2016; Darmadi, 2011; Bathula, 2008, Khidmat et al, 2020; Ali et al., 2022; Dedunu &amp; Anuradha, 2020) worldwide also demonstrate that the world is changing by legal writ and through moral imperatives that make boardroom diversity a critical component of sound corporate governance. The board of directors in organisations is responsible for making strategic decisions such as mergers, acquisitions, creating financial structures and executive hiring or firing. In the Zimbabwean situation, the existence of boards has not prevented scandals and economic meltdowns that remain the order of the day just like in other developing or underdeveloped countries. The response has been to institute board diversity policies that focus on independent directors who replace executive directors to reduce scandals. This study examines the impact of board diversity, firm characteristics, and performance of Zimbabwe Stock Exchange-listed companies for the period 2009-2015. The study employed the quantitative methodology to establish the impact of board diversity on the performance of thirty-five (35) firms listed on the Zimbabwe Stock Exchange using panel data collected over the period 2009 – 2015. The agency theory and the social categorisation and identification theory are the main theories that guided this study. The board diversity variables used were gender, education, and board executives. The level of board diversity was measured using the Blau (1977) index. Firm performance was measured using profitability, market share, efficiency, liquidity, and leverage. Firm size, board size, the number of years the firm has been listed on the ZSE, the firm sector such as food, financial, services, real estate and food and manufacturing were used as moderating variables in the study. The results show that gender and executive diversity were moderately diversified with mean diversity indexes of 0.32 and 0.36 respectively. Education was diversified with a mean index of 0.60. Using panel-corrected standard errors (PCSE) regression analysis, the study established that the level of board diversity has a significant relationship with firm performance. Board gender diversity was found to have a positive and significant impact on profitability as measured by returns per share and gross profit; efficiency as measured by asset turnover; market share as measured by Tobin's Q ratio and market value; and liquidity as measured by current ratio. Board gender diversity had no impact on leverage as measured by the debt-equity ratio. Board executive diversity was found to have a positive and significant impact on firm profitability and market share while it had a negative and significant relationship with market value, efficiency, liquidity, and leverage. Board education diversity was found to have a positive and significant impact on firm profitability, market share, and liquidity while it had a negative and significant impact on firm efficiency and leverage. Non-board diversity variables were also found to significantly affect firm performance. On the one hand, the major factors that promoted board diversity were firm size, liquidity, leverage, operating experience (years listed), market share (Tobin's Q), and being in the service sector. On the other hand, board size and being in the food, financial, real, industrial and manufacturing sectors negatively and significantly affected diversity. Based on the above results, the study recommended that firms should come up with board diversity-enabling policies to enhance firm performance.  However, further studies could be undertaken on individual variables to validate the study</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2227">
                <text>ZOU </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2228">
                <text>2023</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="1010">
        <name>and firm performance</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1008">
        <name>Diversity</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1009">
        <name>firm characteristics</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="444" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="451">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/47fdf8f11973c6943c486a87f52d084e.pdf</src>
        <authentication>256aa9ae047b3e2e22f922db28d2fbc3</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="53">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="63">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2646">
                <text>BUILDING RESILIENCE IN HUMANITARIAN ORGANISATIONS IN ZIMBABWE: THE&#13;
SIGNIFICANCE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY IN DISASTER&#13;
RESPONSE&#13;
&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2647">
                <text>EDDINE EDSON MUDYAZHEZHA </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="2648">
                <text>TENDAYI VIMBAI FAITH MUKWEHWA</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2649">
                <text>The study aimed to assess the significance of Information and Communication Technology in&#13;
enhancing supply chain resilience and improve disaster response in humanitarian organisations&#13;
in Zimbabwe. The population for this study comprised 160 individuals who were purposively&#13;
selected from the humanitarian organisations that operated in Manicaland, Zimbabwe, where&#13;
Cyclone Idai took place in 2019. The Yamane formula was used to calculate the sample size&#13;
of 114 respondents in the study. Structured questionnaires were used as research instruments&#13;
in the study. The study revealed that Information and Communication Technology was&#13;
important in humanitarian organisations as it helps to build resilience and improve disaster&#13;
response. The study recommended the formulation of clear policies and guidelines that could&#13;
govern the use of ICT in disaster response, ensuring that data security, privacy protection, and&#13;
the interoperability among different organisations and agencies. The study also recommended&#13;
the development of partnerships between humanitarian organisations, the government&#13;
agencies, and the private sector entities to jointly invest in and leverage ICT solutions for the&#13;
disaster preparedness and the response by implementing a centralised platform that integrates&#13;
all the relevant stakeholders and the data sources to ensure seamless communication and&#13;
information sharing during the disaster response operations.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2650">
                <text>ZJBEM </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2651">
                <text>2025</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="1202">
        <name>Disaster response</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1203">
        <name>Humanitarian</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1204">
        <name>Information Communication Technology (ICT)</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="891">
        <name>Resilience</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="670">
        <name>supply chain</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="470" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="476">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/44599df0a32cad314f465c8fc471b7b2.pdf</src>
        <authentication>89211f85e32c14d5cf24d27d896f4609</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="53">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="63">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2829">
                <text>COLLABORATIVE WATER GOVERNANCE AND SOCIAL EQUITY: A SUB-SAHARAN&#13;
PERSPECTIVE&#13;
&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2830">
                <text>TAFADZWA MOYO</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="2831">
                <text>KEITH TICHAONA TASHU</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="2832">
                <text>SYLVESTER MARUMAHOKO </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2833">
                <text>Access to water and sanitation services is a global crisis, however, it is more prominent in poor and disadvantaged communities, especially in developing countries. This paper adopts a qualitative discourse analysis approach to examine collaborative water governance in African countries (Kenya, South Africa and Zimbabwe). A discourse analysis approach was adopted as it is useful in examining and analysing written content by considering the context of the study. Therefore, since the study is qualitative in nature, a series of journal articles, reports and newspapers were chosen as key data sources. The chapter examines the collaborative and participatory approaches in enhancing equality towards access to water and sanitation services in indigenous communities in selected African countries. It further discusses the role of water governance systems and their different dimensions in shaping different outcomes towards access to water. The study is explored under the theoretical constructs of the theory of social equity, organisational justice and targeted universalism. The study established that, water collaborative governance approaches did not consider the unique nature of indigenous communities (values, culture and knowledge) which bears greatly upon how they perceive water resources. Therefore, collaborative approaches did not enhance equity towards access, hence this study recommends governments to incorporate indigenous knowledge systems in water governance.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2834">
                <text>&#13;
ZIMBABWE JOURNAL OF BUSINESS, ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2835">
                <text>2025</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="1028">
        <name>equity</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1285">
        <name>Indigenous People</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1284">
        <name>Sanitation</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1283">
        <name>Sub-Saharan Africa</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1282">
        <name>Water</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="348" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="353">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/25e5a971c587cb4620998211c64551e8.pdf</src>
        <authentication>f9bada7323ac15de15ddc7267713f821</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="53">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="63">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2107">
                <text>CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF&#13;
PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS IN ZIMBABWE'S STATE&#13;
UNIVERSITIES&#13;
&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2108">
                <text>CHARLES MASSIMO, PHD</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2109">
                <text>A weakness of the extant Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) literature to date has been its&#13;
normative approach to the subject, creating in effect, a 'one size fits all view' of the&#13;
preconditions or Critical Success Factors (CSFs) for the implementation of PPPs yet they vary&#13;
with the context and sector. This study challenges the existing prominent CSFs model for the&#13;
implementation of PPP which it perceives to be broader and biased towards economic&#13;
infrastructure in rich industrial nations and excludes the realities of post-colonial third world&#13;
countries. The research developed a refined sector-specific Educational Infrastructure Critical&#13;
Success Factor Model (EICSFM) that will inform effective implementation of educational&#13;
infrastructure PPPs in Zimbabwe state universities. Validated suggestions from research&#13;
participants were compared to the existing model used to guide this study and results showed&#13;
that some of the suggested CSFs for PPPs in Zimbabwe state universities tallies with this extant&#13;
widely accepted CSFs model for PPPs, whereas some differ. The new suggested emerging&#13;
sector-specific CSFs for effective implementation of PPPs in state universities include; the&#13;
need for state universities to have absolute autonomy, the establishment of institutional PPP&#13;
Committees, state universities to be creative and aggressive, vibrant leadership at state&#13;
universities, universities to have good business orientation, the establishment of innovative&#13;
PPPs models for educational infrastructure projects (social infrastructure projects), the creation&#13;
of project bankability and attractiveness to investors, the need for political will and creation of&#13;
trust. Comparing such suggestions to the extant CSFs model, the study concluded that even&#13;
though some these preconditions for successful implementation of PPPs may be similar to&#13;
some of the existing ones, their application is not similar but context-based. The study thus&#13;
recommends governments avoid a ‘one size fits all’ perception and approach, but rather encompass sector-specific considerations when adopting and implementing PPPs as an alternative funding option for infrastructure development.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2110">
                <text>Journal of Public Administration and Governance</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2111">
                <text>2024</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="955">
        <name>CSFs for PPP</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="956">
        <name>Educational Infrastructure</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="954">
        <name>PPP</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="957">
        <name>Zimbabwe state universities</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="481" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="487">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/8d9ac97aec7c4b5bec6bf6adcb009cab.pdf</src>
        <authentication>e0762b80d4104d4677711e895375967e</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="53">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="63">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2900">
                <text>DATA-DRIVEN URBAN GOVERNANCE: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES IN&#13;
ZIMBABWEAN CITIES&#13;
&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2901">
                <text>SYLVESTER MARUMAHOKO</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="2902">
                <text>TAFADZWA MOYO </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="2903">
                <text>KEITH TICHAONA TASHU </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2904">
                <text>The study investigated the opportunities and challenges associated with data-driven urban governance in Zimbabwean cities, focusing on Harare, Bulawayo and Mutare. It employed a qualitative, descriptive research design, drawing on document analysis and semi-structured interviews with municipal officials, urban planners and ICT officers. Guided by the theoretical lens of Technological Determinism, the research identified significant opportunities for improving urban governance through real-time data, predictive analytics, digital citizen engagement and smart city initiatives. However, it also revealed major constraints, including infrastructural deficits, the digital divide, outdated planning frameworks, fragmented data governance and low levels of digital literacy. The study concluded that, while data technologies held transformative potential, their effective implementation in Zimbabwe required strengthened institutional capacity, ethical data governance and inclusive digital development strategies. Without addressing these foundational issues, data-driven urban governance risked reinforcing existing structural inequities rather than resolving them.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2905">
                <text>Zimbabwe Journal of Business, Economics and Management</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2906">
                <text>2025</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="349">
        <name>Challenges</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1308">
        <name>Data-driven</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="348">
        <name>Opportunities</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1309">
        <name>Urban governance</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1310">
        <name>Zimbabwean cities</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="440" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="447">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/3de1c2d614ef9ed33d077b3159f2dd83.pdf</src>
        <authentication>7567c963d2ff51961850d1ef6842afa4</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="53">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="63">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2619">
                <text>DEBT AMNESTY FOR ZIMBABWE’S LOCAL GOVERNMENT: ISSUES, EFFECTS AND&#13;
IMPLICATIONS&#13;
&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2620">
                <text>SYLVESTER MARUMAHOKO</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="2621">
                <text>KEITH TICHAONA TASHU</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="2622">
                <text>TAFADZWA MOYO</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2623">
                <text>This article that made use of the utilitarian framework of analysis, focused on Ignatius Chombo,&#13;
a former Zimbabwean Minister of Local Government, who issued an order granting debt&#13;
amnesty to residents of the 92 local government councils in the nation from 2009 to 2013. The&#13;
utilitarian concept of municipal government, developed by John Stuart Mill, places a strong&#13;
emphasis on maximising the well-being or overall pleasure of the greatest number of people&#13;
when making decisions. The article probed the Minister's choice by using a utilitarian&#13;
framework of analysis and a documentary research methodology. Whilst it found that the&#13;
decision curried favour with certain segments of the population, especially the indigent who&#13;
were struggling to settle their bills for service delivery, it also found it repugnant, among others,&#13;
for the reason that it ingrained a culture of non-payment for local government services&#13;
consumed by residents that subsists up to now. It also found that, despite the fact that the policy&#13;
was created a little more than ten years ago, the full consequence of the minister's decision has&#13;
not yet been fully absorbed.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2624">
                <text>ZJBEM</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2625">
                <text>2025</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="1190">
        <name>Debt Amnesty</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1191">
        <name>Local government</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="342" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="347">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/4c19b8d9e641b09d4c14d5eed4dbb8a3.pdf</src>
        <authentication>aafa4a033760492e04e1e9aa6f7e6d1a</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="53">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="63">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2069">
                <text>DETERMINANTS OF BOARD DIVERSITY FOR FIRMS LISTED ON THE ZIMBABWE STOCK EXCHANGE&#13;
&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2070">
                <text>ZVINAIYE CHIMBADZWA </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="2071">
                <text>LIGHTON DUBE&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="2072">
                <text>EMMANUEL GUVEYA</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2073">
                <text>Board diversity is a topical discourse in firm governance and&#13;
management. Diversity came up as a way of eliminating&#13;
discrimination in employment and making sure there is equality,&#13;
inclusion and affirmative action in the way firms do business. Board&#13;
diversity has produced mixed results in relation to firm performance.&#13;
On the one hand, diversity enables good governance to take place,&#13;
ensures satisfaction of stakeholders and the firm to attain&#13;
competitive advantage. Contrary, diversity may come with&#13;
difficulties in communication, boardroom fights and decreased&#13;
productivity among a plethora of negative contributions. The study&#13;
investigates the various factors that affect board diversity from a&#13;
Zimbabwean context.&#13;
The Zimbabwe Stock Exchange’s 35 firms’ data is analysed to&#13;
estimate the relationship between board diversity and firm&#13;
performance. The study employed the quantitative methodology to&#13;
establish factors that influence board diversity on firm performance&#13;
of thirty-five (35) firms listed on the Zimbabwe Stock Exchange&#13;
using panel data collected over the period 2009 – 2015.&#13;
The major factors that promote diversity are firm size, liquidity,&#13;
leverage, operating experience (years listed), market share (Tobin’s&#13;
Q) and being in the service sector. On the other hand, board size,&#13;
being in the food, financial, real and industrial and manufacturing&#13;
sectors negatively and significantly influence diversity.&#13;
Based on the above results, the study recommends that companies&#13;
should come up with diversity-enabling policies to enhance firm&#13;
performance.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2074">
                <text>University of Sistan and Baluchestan</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2075">
                <text>2024</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="939">
        <name>Board diversity</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="941">
        <name>Determinants of board diversity</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="940">
        <name>Listed firms</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="418" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="425">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/695261ed5d53cf94b47600e685705063.pdf</src>
        <authentication>b84af4bdb690f0ab4725559b99af75f6</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="53">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="63">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2497">
                <text>EFFECTS OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE PRACTICES ON THE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF LISTED COMPANIES IN ZIMBABWE&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2498">
                <text>&#13;
ALEC JEMWA</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2499">
                <text>The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of corporate governance practices on the&#13;
financial performance of companies that were listed on the Zimbabwe Stock Exchange (ZSE)&#13;
from 2014 to 2019. The major objectives of the study were to assess the overall corporate&#13;
governance rating of ZSE-listed companies and to examine the significance of corporate&#13;
governance practices on the financial performance of those listed companies. The researcher&#13;
chose companies listed on the ZSE as they play a pivotal role in the national economy and&#13;
their corporate governance is regulated by ZSE. The study adopted a positivism paradigm and&#13;
employed the quantitative approach. The quantitative approach is premised on gathering&#13;
scientific data through objective means which include experiments and surveys. Corporate&#13;
governance was measured using the Blau (1977) model whilst the firm performance was&#13;
measured using accounting ratios. Firm performance panel data was collected from the ZSE-&#13;
listed firms‟ annual financial reports that were available on their respective websites for the&#13;
period 2014 to 2019. Data were analysed using the PCSE regression analysis model. The&#13;
research established that most ZSE-listed companies surpassed the minimum corporate&#13;
governance practices set by ZSE. However, there was a high level of non-disclosure of some&#13;
information which should ordinarily be made available to stakeholders in the Annual reports.&#13;
The study also established that financial performance was sector related. Corporate&#13;
governance practices had a varying degree effect on certain accounting ratios, and some did&#13;
not have a significant correlation with other financial performance indicators. The study&#13;
concluded that some corporate governance practices are correlated to the entity‟s financial&#13;
performance and that corporate governance practices affect the company‟s financial&#13;
performance to a different extent. It is, therefore, recommended that people charged with&#13;
corporate governance should institute sound corporate governance practices to enhance&#13;
companies‟ financial performance. Sound corporate governance practices result in sustainable&#13;
good financial performance.&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2500">
                <text>Zimbabwe Open University</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2501">
                <text>2024</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="1131">
        <name>Business administration</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="32">
        <name>Corporate governance</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="295">
        <name>public administration</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="373" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="378">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/e8acacb11f67c8b90e74dc858ca02817.pdf</src>
        <authentication>fd3675a65de203381ff1a9f0e143da67</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="53">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="63">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2260">
                <text>ENHANCING THE FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY OF ZIMBABWE’S PUBLIC&#13;
UNIVERSITIES THROUGH INNOVATIVE FINANCIAL RESOURCE&#13;
MOBILISATION&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2261">
                <text>MAXWELL CHIWODZA</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="983">
        <name>financial sustainability</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="694">
        <name>innovation</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1014">
        <name>public universities</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="30">
        <name>Zimbabwe</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="349" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="354">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/5c8cb630d7b1c6c92c63d3f152172ef4.pdf</src>
        <authentication>8608f709a30a77138369649a471eb913</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="53">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="63">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2112">
                <text>EVOLUTION OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS IN ZIMBABWE'S&#13;
STATE UNIVERSITIES&#13;
&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2113">
                <text>CHARLES MASSIMO1&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="2114">
                <text> PAUL MAVIMA</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="2115">
                <text>JEFFREY KUREBWA</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2116">
                <text>Despite persuasive heuristics and pragmatic promotion for the use of Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs)&#13;
to infuse dynamism into public sector infrastructure development, little is known about their progress in&#13;
Zimbabwe's state universities. This study traces the evolution and validation of PPPs as an alternative&#13;
funding option for the development of educational infrastructure in Zimbabwean state universities and&#13;
compares it with other traditional funding options. This descriptive qualitative research methodology,&#13;
grounded in constructivist research philosophy and bolstered by a multiple case study research design&#13;
collected data through in-depth key informant interviews. Nineteen key informant participants were&#13;
selected through criteria and critical purposive sampling techniques, while secondary data was sourced&#13;
from relevant literature. This study established that there has been a low uptake and implementation&#13;
inertia of educational infrastructure PPPs in Zimbabwean state universities since their adoption and&#13;
standardization in 2010. Although the concept was introduced back in 1998 and initial PPP frameworks&#13;
were developed in 2004, it wasn't until 2010 that serious emphasis was placed on adopting them in&#13;
Zimbabwean state universities. Various justifications were identified for the adoption of PPPs in this&#13;
sector and PPPs emerged as a viable alternative to traditional funding sources such as the national&#13;
budget, institutional funds and loan financing. PPPs were viewed as a sustainable approach that could&#13;
help state universities bridge their infrastructure gaps. The study recommends that state universities&#13;
adopt a business oriented approach and operate as social enterprises if they are to attract a significant&#13;
pool of quality private investors in PPP arrangements.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2117">
                <text>Journal of Public Administration and Policy&#13;
Research</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2118">
                <text>2024</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="490">
        <name>higher education</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="958">
        <name>Public-private partnerships</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="30">
        <name>Zimbabwe</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="466" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="472">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/5496e91c6966af7b2c9afc2f5503fdb0.pdf</src>
        <authentication>9dc8f515013f62a74b6fd3f123f15f81</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="53">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="63">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2801">
                <text>EXAMINING MALFEASANCES BEHIND THE UNDERPERFORMANCE OF STATE ENTITY BOARDS IN ZIMBABWE&#13;
&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2802">
                <text>MANYERUKE GARIKAYI</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="2803">
                <text> SIFILE OBERT</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="2804">
                <text>RUVINGA TINASHE </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2805">
                <text>Public entities in Zimbabwe have been experiencing frequent corporate failures that are&#13;
attributed to endless scandals that include embezzlement of funds, unscrupulous rewarding of tenders and nepotism. The primary objective of the study was, therefore, to examine the malfeasances that contribute to poor corporate performance among state entity boards in Zimbabwe. The Agency Theory and Political Theory informed the study. The pragmatism research philosophy, mixed research approach and cross-sectional survey research design were adopted. The study population comprised permanent secretaries, CEOs, executive and non- executive directors from all public entities across Zimbabwe. A sample of 261 participants was used for collecting quantitative data and 25 participants for collecting qualitative data. The stratified sampling and purposive sampling techniques were applied to sample quantitative and qualitative data respectively. Semi-structured questionnaires and in-depth personal interviews were applied to collect and generate data from participants. The study established that poor recruitment procedures and board inefficiencies were behind the underperformance of public entities. The results indicated that government policy on how public entities are governed indeed moderates the relationship between board malfeasances and corporate performance. The respondents urged the government to transform the public entities by applying stern measures to curb corruption and employing the right people to boards.&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2806">
                <text> ZIMBABWE JOURNAL OF BUSINESS, ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT  (ZJBEM)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2807">
                <text>2025</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="1241">
        <name>Corporate performance</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1276">
        <name>Malfeasances</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1277">
        <name>Recruitment and state entities</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="40" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="39">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/9f7aaf9a0e7015ca4b06fce3a52574d7.pdf</src>
        <authentication>1a307758280e1504b9dee5cf7811e094</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="53">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="63">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="341">
                <text>GENERIC VIEW OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="342">
                <text> S.B.M. MARUME</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="343">
                <text>Most social scientists now publicly consider the scholarly work of Professor J.J.N Cloete&#13;
extremely rational and practical, and believe that it can be made operational in any institutionalized frame of&#13;
reference. He outlines the six main administrative categories listed by him, namely, policy, organization,&#13;
finance, personnel, procedures and control, which make up the subject of this article.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="344">
                <text>Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Science</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="345">
                <text>2014</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="44" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="43">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/d52ba5557cb254c94d62a84684cdec33.pdf</src>
        <authentication>6122ae5fe7854d24bb880401a5117242</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="53">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="63">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="361">
                <text>GOVERNMENTAL PLANNING</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="362">
                <text>S.B.M MARUME</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="363">
                <text>According to social scientists, namely; public administration scientists, political scientists,&#13;
economists, sociologists, students and readers, planning is now viewed and accepted as an indispensible activity&#13;
in the public sector, as opposed to the ancient point of view that to foretell the future did not reside within the&#13;
province of humankind’s capabilities. As a matter of fact, planning with reference to contemporary thinking is&#13;
accorded a necessary element in governmental activities, as is evident from the uses of various terms and&#13;
concepts such as policy planning, development planning, economic planning, social planning, rural planning,&#13;
urban planning, and governmental planning to mention but a few; and the latter concept, that is, governmental&#13;
planning, is the subject this article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="364">
                <text>IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="365">
                <text>2016</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="124">
        <name>and governmental planning</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="122">
        <name>development planning</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="121">
        <name>economic planning</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="125">
        <name>foretell the future</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="123">
        <name>indispensable activity</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="119">
        <name>planning</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="120">
        <name>policy planning</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="50" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="49">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/c05a8612f6b1237d48cc6b45a65f2ba6.pdf</src>
        <authentication>49feb03b6429b0357fa871e771672139</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="53">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="63">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="393">
                <text>IMPACT OF ACADEMIC REGISTRY INFORMATION SYSTEMS ON OPEN&#13;
DISTANCE LEARNING: A CASE STUDY OF ZIMBABWE OPEN&#13;
UNIVERSITY (2011-2017)&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="394">
                <text> TAFADZWA ARTHUR MANGWERE&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="446">
                <text>DR FARAI CHOGA</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="395">
                <text>This study is to evaluate the impact of academic registry information&#13;
system on open distance learning with the Zimbabwe Open University as the case&#13;
study. The research assessed the service, information and system qualities as well as&#13;
the benefits and challenges faced by the system users in executing their duties using&#13;
the system. The system users include lecturers, administrative staff and information&#13;
records clerks in various departments of the university. The researchers used the&#13;
mixed methodology where the quantitative approach was the primary method while&#13;
the qualitative, through the interview guide complemented as a secondary method.&#13;
Closed-ended questionnaires and interview guides were used as research instruments.&#13;
A population sample of 54 participants was used. A total of 35 out of 54 managed to&#13;
respond to the questionnaire. It was concluded that the system brought effectiveness&#13;
and individual satisfaction as benefits although it was found to have some errors as&#13;
well as providing inconclusive reports. The study found that the registry system&#13;
brought high levels of satisfaction. However there was need for more training and&#13;
support from the system to overcome challenges. It was also recommended that the&#13;
system should be user friendly and exhibit ease of use functions.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="396">
                <text>Journal of Environmental Science, Computer Science and&#13;
Engineering &amp; Technology</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="397">
                <text>2018</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="147">
        <name>ARIS</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="145">
        <name>e-learning system</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="146">
        <name>examination processes</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="438" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="445">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/e415f0849a47c27416aa492ef9c14dc8.pdf</src>
        <authentication>e5fe170d57b2f89d729d03504abeaf39</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="53">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="63">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2606">
                <text>INTERSECTING DIGITAL GOVERNANCE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS IN&#13;
AFRICA&#13;
&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2607">
                <text>KEITH TICHAONA TASHU</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2608">
                <text>The advent of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) and the internet has&#13;
revolutionalised the manner in which governments and citizens interact as well as service&#13;
delivery models. Digital tools have the potential to promote sustainable economic&#13;
transformation and development within the 21st Century by ensuring that governments attain&#13;
cost efficiency and effectiveness gains. The successful attainment of Agenda 2030 has become&#13;
a priority for all governments across the globe and Africa is no exception. There is&#13;
acknowledgement that the Agenda 2030 can be driven by digitisation efforts. However, there&#13;
is little scholarly evidence which indicates how digital tools can be incorporated in SDGs&#13;
implementation in Africa. The study adopted extant secondary qualitative literature as the&#13;
research method. Findings, conclusions and recommendations were drawn from documentary&#13;
books, journal articles, working papers and government reports. This study focused on&#13;
examining how ICTs can be incorporated in the SDGs’ implementation trajectory, progress&#13;
made and challenges being faced. The study findings established that despite progress made in&#13;
adopting ICTs by several African countries, most of them have failed to fully embrace ICTs in&#13;
driving the implementation of SDGs. African countries are facing underlying problems which&#13;
include digital divide, lack of political will, lack of skills and limited funding, among others,&#13;
which have been a hindrance towards their digitisation efforts. The study recommended that&#13;
governments in Africa have to invest in regulatory and policy frameworks, source adequate&#13;
funding for digital projects and educate the general populace on ICTs</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2609">
                <text>ZJBEM</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2610">
                <text>2025</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="1185">
        <name>Digitalisation</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1184">
        <name>Fourth Industrial Revolution</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1183">
        <name>Information and Communication Technologies</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1186">
        <name>Public Service Delivery</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="963">
        <name>Sustainable Development Goals</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="112" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="110">
        <src>https://ir.zou.ac.zw/files/original/1202a9dd81720163cc1fcd4557b08cd4.pdf</src>
        <authentication>954d94bca963fe9c01d05f274d8de155</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="53">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="63">
                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="752">
                <text>MEANING OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="753">
                <text>DR S.B.M. MARUME</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="754">
                <text>ublic administration, which is an aspect of a more generic concept of administration, and that&#13;
exists in a political system for the accomplishment of goals, and objectives formulated by the political decision-&#13;
makers, consists if the activities of the executive branches of the national, state (provincial) and local&#13;
governments. All these constitute the subject-matter of this article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="755">
                <text>Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Science</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="756">
                <text>2016</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
