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                <text>Job hopping has become prevalent amongst Zimbabwean university lecturers. The study seeks&#13;
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                <text>The importance of assessing learning outcomes using a variety of assessment strategies or techniques and&#13;
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process of teaching, learning and assessment. This change has led to the introduction of standardised CA at&#13;
secondary level. The qualitative study was to analyse CA practises in secondary schools of Bulawayo&#13;
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                <text>Continuous Assessment (CA) has been introduced as part of the examination and assessment innovation in the&#13;
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assessment in order to improve the assessment and evaluation of pupils’ performance, and ultimately the whole&#13;
process of teaching, learning and assessment. This change has led to the introduction of standardised CA at&#13;
secondary level. The qualitative study was to analyse CA practises in secondary schools of Bulawayo&#13;
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contribution to the pupils. The qualitative methodology and a case study method were employed. Qualitative data&#13;
was generated through the researcher as a data generating instrument, questionnaires, interviews, Focus Group&#13;
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                <text>This study examines the typical challenges that learners with visual impairment encounter as they engage in the&#13;
various activities in mathematics learning in secondary schools. The study adopts a constructivist epistemology,&#13;
using a multiple-case study design to generate rich descriptions of the interface, experiences, opinions, internal&#13;
states, feelings and emotions of learners with visual impairment in mathematics. A convenience sample of 11&#13;
learners with visual impairment, 11 parents and 3 school managers was chosen for this study. Data collection&#13;
methods included in-depth interviews, participant observation and non-participant observation. The study found&#13;
that the challenges which learners with visual impairment faced were deeply rooted in the definitions of disability,&#13;
that focused either on the medical or social perspectives as defined in extant literature. The study recommended&#13;
the need to perceive visual impairment and other disabilities as aspects of human diversity and not as deficits, the&#13;
need to recognise the existence of two groups of learners (with disabilities and without disabilities), who require&#13;
different learning approaches and methodologies, the need to provide adequate teaching and learning resources&#13;
and the need to equip the teaching personnel with adequate skills and competencies. In an attempt at overcoming&#13;
negative stereotypes and improving performance in mathematics for learners with visual impairment in secondary&#13;
schools, the study proposes ‘Blind Mathematics’ as an appropriate Mathematics Curriculum for such learners</text>
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                <text>THE EFFECTS OF CLASS SIZE ON THE DELIVERY OF QUALITY MATHEMATICS&#13;
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                <text>The Education For All (EFA) agenda at independence in Zimbabwe led to a massive expansion of education in order&#13;
to avail educational opportunities to marginalized black children. This has not been coupled with the adequate&#13;
provision of teaching and learning resources, consequently this has led to overcrowded classrooms. The purpose of&#13;
this study is to examine the effects of overcrowded classrooms on mathematics learning and how these challenges&#13;
can be overcome. Interviews observation, and analysis of learner exercise books and examination results were used&#13;
in the qualitative approach. The study revealed that, secondary schools are overcrowded to levels where teachers&#13;
are failing to provide quality in teaching and learning of mathematics. It was also found that this problem is&#13;
exacerbated by lack of resources such as mathematics teachers, textbooks, classrooms and furniture among others.&#13;
For policy and decision-making processes, the study recommends the government gather relevant and reliable data&#13;
about the learning conditions in secondary schools. There is also need for effective collaboration among all the&#13;
relevant stake holders who have the responsibility to provide resources to schools. It is further recommended that&#13;
digital and e-learning technologies should be incorporated as alternative ways to manage large classes</text>
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                <text>THE PERCEPTIONS OF EDUCATION STAKEHOLDERS TOWARDS EXTRA LESSONS IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN CHEGUTU HIGH DENSITY SUBURBS&#13;
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                <text>This multi-case study was undertaken in three Chegutu urban secondary schools in Mashonaland&#13;
West Province. It investigated stakeholder perceptions towards extra lessons and provided&#13;
suggestions on how extra lessons could be implemented to the satisfaction of stakeholders, who&#13;
included, the Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education (MOPSE) and parents, teachers and&#13;
learners. The study adopted the interpretivism paradigm and the qualitative research approach. The&#13;
subjective epistemology was adopted because there was no one method of knowing what really&#13;
the role of extra lessons was. The study used interviews, document analysis and focus group&#13;
discussions to generate data. Purposive critical case sampling was used to select twenty-three&#13;
participants who took part in the study. Findings show that extra lessons had both positive and&#13;
negative roles. The extra lessons helped improve the academic performance of learners and helped&#13;
in covering up for inadequate time in the formal school system. They assisted in improving the&#13;
school image through good results and paved the way for the reduction of the teachers` workload.&#13;
Economically, teachers got extra remuneration from the extra lessons but they drained the family`s&#13;
meagre financial resources. However, teachers` professionalism was dented as some teachers&#13;
created demand for extra lessons by teaching less in formal school. One major conclusion drawn&#13;
from the findings is that extra lessons contribute to indiscipline at the school among learners but&#13;
they make learners shift their attention from the social ills of the community. From the findings, it&#13;
was recommended that MOPSE should set standards for service providers and invest in extra&#13;
lessons because they were assisting many in meeting the shortfalls of the mainstream system. To&#13;
mitigate challenges encountered during extra lessons, the ON-OFF model could be adopted as it&#13;
calls for support from all the educational stakeholders. Further studies on the role of extra lessons&#13;
could be undertaken in rural communities.</text>
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                <text>EXPLORING THE ZIMBABWEAN TECHNICAL AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION JOURNEY: CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS&#13;
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                <text>The study explored the challenges that militate against the successful&#13;
implementation of Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET) in&#13;
Zimbabwe. The study gave an informed focus on biases and perceptions associated&#13;
with the academic curriculum. In addressing these challenges, it becomes possible&#13;
to create an environment where TVET education is valued and considered a viable&#13;
pathway for individuals, and national economic and social development. Using&#13;
critical discourse analysis, the study examined the perceptions of instructors and&#13;
students about TVET education and identified historical factors that continue to&#13;
contribute to the devaluation of TVET. The study findings revealed that the&#13;
historical undervaluing of TVET subjects in comparison with academic subjects&#13;
was borrowed from the colonial bottleneck education system that favoured&#13;
university education over technical skills and persists today. The study underscored&#13;
the need for a paradigm shift to TVET skills if economic development is to be&#13;
realised in Zimbabwe. This study recommends the need to re-evaluate the status of&#13;
TVET education given its contribution to the job market. This study understands the&#13;
historical roots of biases against TVET and provides insights for the reconstruction&#13;
of an effective TVET system in Zimbabwe that contributes toward ongoing&#13;
discourses on the importance of technical skills for national development. The study&#13;
recommends the need to reshape public perceptions around TVET which requires a&#13;
concerted effort and long-term commitment to changing societal attitudes toward&#13;
technical-vocational education.</text>
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                <text>E-Journal of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences (EHASS)</text>
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                <text>INVESTIGATION OF THE STRATEGIES TO REGULATE THE USAGE OF AI CHATBOTS IN HIGHER EDUCATION: HARMONIZING PEDAGOGICAL INNOVATION AND COGNITIVE&#13;
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                <text>This study investigates the strategies for regulating the usage of AI&#13;
chatbots in higher education to harmonize pedagogical innovation and&#13;
cognitive skill development among graduate students. The study adopts a&#13;
qualitative methodology that involves semi-structured interviews with 12&#13;
lecturers from 11 Zimbabwean universities. The findings reveal that although&#13;
AI chatbots present opportunities to enhance learning experiences and cognitive&#13;
skill development, their usage by graduate students presents challenges that&#13;
require regulation. Negative perceptions of using AI chatbots by graduate&#13;
students included cheating, plagiarism, and reduced interaction. Positive&#13;
perceptions had research flexibility and cheapness. To regulate AI chatbot&#13;
usage in higher education, lecturers employed active learning strategies and&#13;
tailor-made coursework. At the same time, universities implemented Viva Voce&#13;
and AI software detectors to discourage cheating and plagiarism. The study&#13;
contributes to the literature on AI chatbots in education by highlighting the&#13;
importance of cultural and social factors in their integration. The findings&#13;
provide practical implications for educators and institutions in regulating the&#13;
usage of AI chatbots in higher education, thus promoting cognitive skill&#13;
development while avoiding their negative impact</text>
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                <text>INVESTIGATION OF THE STRATEGIES TO REGULATE THE USAGE OF AI CHATBOTS IN&#13;
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                <text>This study investigates the strategies for regulating the usage of AI&#13;
chatbots in higher education to harmonize pedagogical innovation and&#13;
cognitive skill development among graduate students. The study adopts a&#13;
qualitative methodology that involves semi-structured interviews with 12&#13;
lecturers from 11 Zimbabwean universities. The findings reveal that although&#13;
AI chatbots present opportunities to enhance learning experiences and cognitive&#13;
skill development, their usage by graduate students presents challenges that&#13;
require regulation. Negative perceptions of using AI chatbots by graduate&#13;
students included cheating, plagiarism, and reduced interaction. Positive&#13;
perceptions had research flexibility and cheapness. To regulate AI chatbot&#13;
usage in higher education, lecturers employed active learning strategies and&#13;
tailor-made coursework. At the same time, universities implemented Viva Voce&#13;
and AI software detectors to discourage cheating and plagiarism. The study&#13;
contributes to the literature on AI chatbots in education by highlighting the&#13;
importance of cultural and social factors in their integration. The findings&#13;
provide practical implications for educators and institutions in regulating the usage of AI chatbots in higher education, thus promoting cognitive skill development while avoiding their negative impact.</text>
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                <text>INVESTIGATION OF THE STRATEGIES TO REGULATE THE USAGE OF AI CHATBOTS IN&#13;
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                <text>This study investigates the strategies for regulating the usage of AI&#13;
chatbots in higher education to harmonize pedagogical innovation and&#13;
cognitive skill development among graduate students. The study adopts a&#13;
qualitative methodology that involves semi-structured interviews with 12&#13;
lecturers from 11 Zimbabwean universities. The findings reveal that although&#13;
AI chatbots present opportunities to enhance learning experiences and cognitive&#13;
skill development, their usage by graduate students presents challenges that&#13;
require regulation. Negative perceptions of using AI chatbots by graduate&#13;
students included cheating, plagiarism, and reduced interaction. Positive&#13;
perceptions had research flexibility and cheapness. To regulate AI chatbot&#13;
usage in higher education, lecturers employed active learning strategies and&#13;
tailor-made coursework. At the same time, universities implemented Viva Voce&#13;
and AI software detectors to discourage cheating and plagiarism. The study&#13;
contributes to the literature on AI chatbots in education by highlighting the&#13;
importance of cultural and social factors in their integration. The findings&#13;
provide practical implications for educators and institutions in regulating the&#13;
usage of AI chatbots in higher education, thus promoting cognitive skill&#13;
development while avoiding their negative impact.</text>
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                <text>STRATEGIES OF DEVELOPING CONFLICT RESOLUTION SKILLS&#13;
FOR ENHANCING TEACHING, LEARNING AND PEACE IN&#13;
ZIMBABWEAN PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN THE MIDLANDS&#13;
PROVINCE: A CASE STUDY OF GWERU AND SHURUGWI&#13;
DISTRICTS.&#13;
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                <text>THONDHLANA SAIDEN</text>
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                <text>The main objective of the study was to establish the extent to which the development of&#13;
Conflict Resolution Skills was being fostered in the Gweru and Shurugwi District Primary&#13;
Schools. The study was triggered by the observed conflict among teachers and students and&#13;
there appeared a need for conflict resolution skills development among primary school&#13;
leadership, teachers and children in the districts under study. Indicators showed that teachers&#13;
and school heads needed training in conflictresolution, there was lack of acomprehensive&#13;
conflict resolution programme in primary schools. Religion and culture appeared to play a&#13;
divisive role in conflict resolution. Therefore, the purpose of this study wasto find out the&#13;
extent to which conflict resolution skills development was being fostered in primary schools.&#13;
The study was grounded in interpretive paradigm and used a case study design to understand&#13;
the phenomenon. Documentary analysis, open ended questionnaires, focus group and in-depth&#13;
interviews were used to collect data. The purposive sampling and snowballing techniques&#13;
were used to identify participants who included 30 school heads, 227 teachers, 180 children, 2&#13;
district education officers, 2 conflict resolution experts, 20 student teachers and 3 teachers’&#13;
college lecturers. The study was underpinned in the strategies of conflict resolution skills&#13;
development theories. The theories advocated for the use of strategies such as establishing a&#13;
cooperative context, negotiation, peer mediation, arbitration, use of the curriculum, academic&#13;
controversy, whole school cultural change, cultural exploration, use of a religious framework&#13;
and resorting to multiculturalism and inter-faithism. The objective was to come up with a&#13;
comprehensive conflict resolution programme that would enhance learning, teaching and&#13;
peace Findings revealed that most of the syllabuses contained aspects of conflict resolution&#13;
skills development except for human rights, multiculturalism and gender education.&#13;
Management practices were bureaucratic and dictatorial, the teachers’ colleges had material&#13;
which was quite relevant but it left out information on mediation and academic controversy.&#13;
Another finding showed that culture and religion played a divisive role and school structures&#13;
showed reduced ability for supporting the development of conflict resolution skills. The study&#13;
concluded that; religion and culture are playing a divisive role, there is little existence of a&#13;
culture ofconflict resolution in classroom manangement and management practices, there are&#13;
various types of conflicts occurring in the primary schools like inter-personal and inter-group,&#13;
assessment leaves a lot to be desired and teacher’s colleges have made concerted efforts to&#13;
address conflict resolution since 2010. In view of the above findings, it is recommended that&#13;
workshops related to the development of conflict resolution skills should be mounted among&#13;
teachers, leadership and pupils, ministry of education provide schools with guidelines on&#13;
conflict resolution, non – examinable subjects to be taught, cluster to pool resourvces together&#13;
and heads and education officers should guide teachers on the implementation of the&#13;
curriculum with emphasis onconflict resolution.</text>
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                <text>ZOU</text>
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                <text>TOWARDS ACHIEVING QUALITY EDUCATION&#13;
IN POST COLONIAL ZIMBABWE: CHALLENGES&#13;
AND OPPORTUNITIES: A CASE STUDY OF&#13;
BANKWE CLUSTER IN MBERENGWA&#13;
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                <text>The thesis presented to the Zimbabwe Open University grew out of the concerned efforts and&#13;
contributions of multiple actors who made their contributions some without knowing the&#13;
significance of their participation. I am especially indebted to my Supervisor Dr. Njini,&#13;
former Zimbabwe Open University Regional Director for Matabeleland North and my Co-&#13;
Supervisor Dr. Chaibva from the National University of Science and Technology. I wish to&#13;
Thank them for their support and contributions in the preparation of this documen</text>
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                <text>ENTREPRENEURSHIP CURRICULUM IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES IN&#13;
ZIMBABWEAN UNIVERSITIES&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>The thesis evaluated entrepreneurship curriculum implementation in Zimbabwean&#13;
universities. The thesis was prompted by shortfalls in capacitating students to create&#13;
entrepreneurial opportunities. The thesis was informed by the philosophy of pragmatism&#13;
and underpinned by theories of opportunity discovery and creation. Review of related&#13;
literature brought evidence on applicability of opportunity discovery and creation&#13;
theories. The study was a mixed method research that adopted a concurrent mixed&#13;
methods design. The population comprised of students and lecturers in 16 universities in&#13;
Zimbabwe. Two parallel samples were used. The quantitative sample was stratified and&#13;
random, with 94 lecturers and 235 students from all programmes, while the qualitative&#13;
sample was purposive, comprising lecturers and students from entrepreneurship degree&#13;
programmes. Questionnaires collected data for the quantitative inquiry while semi-&#13;
structured interviews and documentary reviews generated data for the qualitative inquiry.&#13;
Descriptive statistics presented and analysed quantitative data while thematic analysis&#13;
was used on qualitative data. Validity and reliability validated quantitative methods,&#13;
while trustworthiness validated qualitative methods. Triangulation synthesised theories&#13;
and methods while bracketing and member checking guided researcher’s values. Results&#13;
established limited incorporation of entrepreneurship curriculum into degree&#13;
programmes. Curriculum strategies were deficient in generating venture creation. The&#13;
study concluded that degree programmes fell short in capacitating students to search and&#13;
create entrepreneurial opportunities. The study proposed a model to incorporate&#13;
entrepreneurship curriculum into degree programmes. The study recommended that&#13;
university senates, deans and chairpersons develop action oriented entrepreneurship&#13;
curriculum. The study recommended research that consider university mandates.</text>
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                <text>i&#13;
STRATEGIES TO ENHANCE TEACHER MOTIVATION IN SATELLITE&#13;
SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN THE RESETTLEMENT AREAS OF MATABELELAND&#13;
NORTH PROVINCE&#13;
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                <text>FUNGAI SITHOLE</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2001">
                <text>The main purpose of this study was to determine strategies to improve satellite school teachers’&#13;
performance and their job satisfaction in the resettlement areas of Matabeleland North Province.&#13;
The study was guided be the following three objectives: To determine factors affecting&#13;
motivation among teachers in secondary satellite schools in Matabeleland North Province; To&#13;
establish the effects of teacher motivation on job satisfaction and performance among teachers at&#13;
secondary satellite schools in Matabeleland North resettlement; To identify motivation strategies,&#13;
that can be employed to enhance teachers’ job satisfaction and performance in secondary satellite&#13;
schools in the resettlement areas of Matabeleland North Province. A multiple case study Method&#13;
was used in the study. A sample of 22 participants was selected carefully from the target&#13;
population using a homogenous, purposive sampling method. The 22 participants comprised 15&#13;
teachers (5 per school) who took part in Focus Group Discussions (FGDs).Interviews included 2&#13;
Teachers in Charge (TICs), 3 District Education Officers and 2 teachers’ representatives (one&#13;
from PTUZ and the other one from ZIMTA). Three FDGs of five participants per group and&#13;
seven interviews with the Teachers in Charge of the schools were conducted. The D.E.Os, as&#13;
well as teachers' representatives were among the interviewed participants. When I was analysing&#13;
the data, I read repeatedly the transcripts. Preliminary themes were then identified, and classified&#13;
the quotations according to themes. The quotations were then discussed making an analytic&#13;
comparison to arrive at an interpretation and conclusion. The major findings were: Lack of&#13;
appropriate teachers’ accommodation; lack of staff rooms and classrooms; economic factors;&#13;
lack of teaching and learning resources; unfair treatment by mother schools; Health and safety;&#13;
transport infrastructure; water and sanitation; availability of shops and police stations; calibre of&#13;
pupils, social factor, government policies and work overload. Major conclusions were: the&#13;
government should directly allocate resources to satellite schools without allocating via the&#13;
mother schools; satellite school teachers deserved economic incentives due to the hardships they&#13;
were experiencing. Major recommendations were that: the Ministry of Primary and Secondary&#13;
Education should provide resources direct to these satellite schools rather than allocating&#13;
indirectly through the mother schools; the communities should find means of developing their&#13;
satellite schools and not wait up to the government. The study is summarised by a 7 points&#13;
teachers' motivation model which suggests that teachers' job satisfaction and performance in&#13;
satellite schools could be attained if the following motivational factors are observed:&#13;
accommodation; teaching and learning resources; remuneration; social factors as well as health&#13;
and safety. The main recommendation was that the responsible Ministry should adequately&#13;
motivate satellite school teachers so as to enhance their job satisfaction and performance.</text>
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                <text>ACHIEVING QUALITY THROUGH BENCHMARKING IN ODL INSTITUTIONS OF&#13;
HIGHER LEARNING: A CASE STUDY OF ODL INSTITUTIONS IN THE SADC REGION&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>There was a lot of interaction about benchmarking in institutions of higher learning, but there&#13;
seemed to be no clarity on whether these institutions shared an understanding of the&#13;
benchmarking concept. There also did not seem to be a clear comprehension of what criteria the&#13;
institutions employed to measure benchmarking as a determinant of quality in higher education.&#13;
This lack of clarity motivated the study, and the motivation was irrevocably strengthened by the&#13;
encouragement some governments and international organisations made to their national&#13;
institutions of higher learning to adopt benchmarking as a quality enhancement mechanism. The&#13;
qualitative paradigm was adopted as it enabled the researcher to carry out an in-depth&#13;
interrogation of benchmarking practices in the study. The case study method facilitated the&#13;
researcher’s interaction with the benchmarking phenomenon within the context of the institution.&#13;
The population of the study was composed of all the ODL institutions in the SADC region, from&#13;
which a sample of three institutions, from three countries, was chosen. An average of five&#13;
participants was purposively selected from each institution because they possessed the required&#13;
data and these came from the ranks of Senior Management, Middle Management and Lower&#13;
Management. The researcher used in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, document&#13;
analysis and observation to generate the requisite data. The generated data were coded, analysed&#13;
and interpreted to arrive at findings and conclusions. The three institutions consciously practised&#13;
benchmarking. However, the institutions practised a different type of benchmarking from the&#13;
approaches contained in the review of related literature. The employees of one institution visited&#13;
other institutions on staff exchange programmes, as assessors and markers and to attend&#13;
academic gatherings at which information, experiences and new insights were shared. The&#13;
institutions belonged to professional associations for collaborative benchmarking purposes and&#13;
shared a common understanding of benchmarking. It was concluded that the three institutions of&#13;
higher learning consciously practised benchmarking but the practice was not formalised and not&#13;
documented, leading to the absence of a feedback loop. As a way forward, the three institutions,&#13;
and others, needed to formalise and institutionalise their benchmarking practices, and create a&#13;
feedback loop</text>
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                <text>ZOU</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="1993">
                <text>2014</text>
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        <name>Benchmarking</name>
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        <name>Open and  Distance</name>
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        <name>Quality assurance</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="1979">
                <text>INVESTIGATING COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION DYNAMICS IN EDUCATION: THE CASE FOR MANICALAND PROVINCE - ZIMBABWE</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="1980">
                <text> MESHECK GODFREY SANGO</text>
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                <text>Community participation has been adopted world wide as a means for improving the&#13;
quality of basic education in primary schools. The aim of this study was to investigate&#13;
how community participation dynamics influenced quality of basic education in rural&#13;
primary schools in Zimbabwe.&#13;
To begin with, insights were drawn from a review of literature that focussed on local&#13;
and international perspectives on community participation in providing education.&#13;
Literature revealed that community participation had some influence on quality of&#13;
basic education provided by schools. However, literature had also warned that the&#13;
relationship between community participation and provision of quality basic&#13;
education by primary schools was not an automatic one.&#13;
In carrying out this study, a qualitative paradigm was adopted and subsequently a&#13;
qualitative multiple case study design provided the methodological framework that&#13;
guided the study. The research sites were selected on the basis of relevancy to&#13;
purpose of the study as well as convenience of access to the researcher. Data were&#13;
generated through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. Additional data&#13;
were gathered through non participant observation and scrutinising of relevant&#13;
documents in the selected primary schools. A grounded theory approach in which&#13;
themes were identified was used in analysing the research data.&#13;
The study found out that community participation was being influenced by economic&#13;
and financial dynamics, social dynamics, as well as cultural dynamics and&#13;
subsequently had some negative influence on various aspects of the quality of basic&#13;
education provided by the rural primary schools. Thus, the communities had not&#13;
provided adequate support on essential educational inputs, teaching and learning&#13;
processes, and on improving the scope of the primary schools’ curriculum.&#13;
And, based on these findings, recommendations to facilitate positive influence of&#13;
community participation on quality of basic education were made. There was need&#13;
for community level mediation by Ministry of education representatives from district&#13;
level offices to balance up financial participation among community members of&#13;
different income levels. In addition, the study recommended that the primary schools&#13;
could organise community participation orientation programmes for all new parents&#13;
joining them. And, schools could also create time for children to engage in school&#13;
organised study sessions in which they could do their ‘home work’ at school.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="1982">
                <text>ZOU</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="1983">
                <text>2014</text>
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        <name>Community dymamics</name>
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        <name>Community participation</name>
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        <name>Education</name>
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          <element elementId="50">
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="1954">
                <text>ACCESS TO TERTIARY EDUCATION AS A NATIONAL STRATEGY&#13;
FOR DEVELOPMENT:&#13;
THE ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY CASE&#13;
&#13;
</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="1955">
                <text>PRIMROSE KURASHA</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="1956">
                <text>Development suggests a change of an irreversible nature, the characteristics of which are determined by&#13;
that which is being developed. This involves moving from an existing to an end state, through a process&#13;
(R.S. Peters and Hirst). As African countries seek to develop, the production of an enlightened or&#13;
educated community becomes critical. This development seeks to address the challenges of poverty,&#13;
conflict, disease (HIV/AIDS), to name but a few, at national, community, family and individual levels.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="1957">
                <text>ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="1958">
                <text>2003</text>
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      <tag tagId="502">
        <name>national development</name>
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        <name>Tertiary education</name>
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      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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                <text>AN ANALYSIS OF THE PERCEPTIONS AND EXPECTATIONS OF STUDENTS&#13;
TOWARDS THE QUALITY OF SERVICE DELIVERY IN OPEN AND&#13;
DISTANCE LEARNING: A CASE OF THE ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY&#13;
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              <elementText elementTextId="1914">
                <text>DANIEL NDUDZO</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="1915">
                <text>The study sought to analyse the expectations and perceptions of students towards the&#13;
quality of service delivered through Open and Distance Learning (ODL). The study&#13;
focused on learners at the Zimbabwe Open University (ZOU). The Zimbabwe Open&#13;
University has, since 2008, been facing several challenges which, if not properly&#13;
addressed, threatened the acceptability of qualifications acquired through Open and&#13;
Distance Learning and consequently the survival of the University. This study sought to&#13;
assess the expectations and perceptions of the students towards the quality of service&#13;
delivered through Open and Distance Learning. This study employed the case study&#13;
research design which falls within the qualitative research methodology. The sample of&#13;
330 students was selected through cluster sampling of the ten Regional Centres of the&#13;
Zimbabwe Open University. The respondents were selected through convenience&#13;
sampling. Data generation was done through a questionnaire survey, focus group&#13;
discussions and observation</text>
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                <text>ZIMBABWE OPEN UNIVERSITY</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="1900">
                <text>QUALITY ASSURANCE IN THE TEACHING AND LEARNING OF HIV AND AIDS&#13;
IN PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN ZIMBABWE&#13;
</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="1901">
                <text>MUPA PAUL</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1902">
                <text>This study investigated how quality assurance ensures quality teaching and learning of&#13;
HIV and AIDS in schools in Zimbabwe. The study was prompted by the continuous&#13;
increase in the spread of the HIV and AIDS pandemic which, in most cases, is under&#13;
reported. Primary school pupils are the window of hope and need proper teaching so that&#13;
from the early ages, they learn behaviour patterns which fight against the spread of the&#13;
epidemic. Using analytical framework drawn from Peter Senge (1990)’s systems theory&#13;
in quality assurance, the study examined the extent to which quality assurance practices&#13;
can improve the teaching and learning of HIV and AIDS in Zimbabwean primary&#13;
schools. From global perspectives on the HIV and AIDS phenomenon, it has been argued&#13;
that quality assurance practices should be instituted to capacitate accountability&#13;
approaches towards self-regulation and continuous improvement in schools</text>
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        <name>HIV and AIDS</name>
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                <text>A COMPARATIVE CASE STUDY OF ZIMBABWE’S PUBLIC&#13;
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STRATEGIES&#13;
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                <text>TICHAONA MAPOLISA</text>
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                <text>This study sought to find out staff retention strategies in selected Zimbabwe’s two public and&#13;
two private universities. Three Human Resources personnel who were selected using stakeholder&#13;
sampling and four Retained and seven Returnee lecturers who were selected using criterion&#13;
sampling participated in the thesis’ multiple case study. The research instruments were the ‘self’,&#13;
open-ended interviews, observation and documentary analysis. The interview data were analysed&#13;
using NVivo data analysis software, while the observation and documentary data were analysed&#13;
using the traditional thematic content analysis. With regards to staff retention’s strategies&#13;
obtaining in Zimbabwe’s public and private universities, both sets of universities were found to&#13;
have some conditions of service which served as part of the staff retention strategies. Chief&#13;
among such conditions of service were provision of opportunities for research, staff development&#13;
leave, contact, sabbatical and study leave. Regarding differences in staff retention strategies,&#13;
public and private universities had different sources of income. The effectiveness of staff&#13;
retention strategies in both kinds of universities was undermined by lack of funds, which was the&#13;
greatest staff retention challenge in the studied universities. The effectiveness of particular staff&#13;
retention strategies such as salaries, allowances, tuition waiver, staff development, as well as&#13;
research and career opportunities was of varying degrees in the studied public and private&#13;
universities. The study revealed that various mechanisms such as staff appraisal, departmental&#13;
discussions and monitoring candidates undertaking their Doctor of Philosophy Degree studies&#13;
among other mechanisms have been used by public and private universities to monitor staff&#13;
retention strategies. Public and private university lecturers were not involved in the formulation&#13;
and monitoring of staff retention strategies</text>
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                <text>Zimbabwe Open University </text>
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                <text>CRITICAL EVALUATION OF TEACHER EDUCATION QUALITY AND THE&#13;
IMPLICATIONS ON TEACHER QUALITY IN ZIMBABWE&#13;
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                <text>CUTHBERT MAJONI</text>
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                <text>The study sought to evaluate teacher education quality and its implication on teacher quality&#13;
in Zimbabwe. The researcher was spurred into investigating this area because of the&#13;
misgivings of various stakeholders on the quality of today’s teacher in Zimbabwe. These&#13;
teachers are said to be lacking the requisite knowledge, skills and attitudes required to&#13;
effectively execute their duties. Teacher colleges are autonomous institutions and design their&#13;
own curriculum, implement and assess their own students. Current teachers in Zimbabwe are&#13;
blamed for low quality in the education system. This study was a qualitative study and the&#13;
paradigm was interpretive. The multiple case study design was used to carry out this study.&#13;
The participants in this study included student teachers, lecturers and graduates from the&#13;
teachers colleges and mentors from schools. To select the sample the purposive sampling&#13;
technique was used. To collect data interviews, focus group discussions, document analysis&#13;
and open-ended questionnaires were used. Data were analysed using the grounded theory.&#13;
The major findings of this research were that there were variations in quality in teacher&#13;
education institutions. The study found out that the ZINTEC model was used as a model for&#13;
training primary school teachers in Zimbabwe. The teacher education curriculum was found&#13;
to be overloaded and was impacting negatively on quality and quantity of delivery. The&#13;
study found subjective assessment of teaching practice and poor mentoring as factors&#13;
negatively impacting on the quality of teacher training. Prevalence of negative lecturer-&#13;
student relationships was compromising the credibility of the teacher training programme and&#13;
its assessment processes. The study find out that graduates were not well prepared to teach&#13;
effectively in the primary school because they lack adequate content knowledge and&#13;
pedagogical content knowledge. The study recommends the review of the whole teacher&#13;
training system. There is need to standardise the teacher education curriculum and relook at&#13;
the primary school curriculum to improve the quality of training. The teacher education&#13;
conceptual framework should be re-defined and model of teacher training reviewed in the&#13;
light of the findings of this study. Teacher education should be guided by a well-defined&#13;
conceptual framework base of constructivist theory of learning. This study recommends the&#13;
adoption of values, attitudes, skills and knowledge (VASK) model to improve quality of&#13;
teacher preparation</text>
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                <text>Zimbabwe Open University</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>2014</text>
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        <name>educational assessment</name>
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                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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                <text>A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF FACTORS HINDERING A- LEVEL STUDENTS&#13;
WITH HIGH PASSES TO ACCESS UNIVERSITY EDUCATION IN ZIMBABWE.&#13;
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                <text>KUTIWA KUZIWA LAWRENCE</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>The study sought to investigate factors hindering increased access to higher education in&#13;
Zimbabwe. The study was prompted by the increased number of A-level graduates who are&#13;
failing to get the opportunity to university education yet higher education is the driver to&#13;
knowledge creation, knowledge generation and innovation. The study employed the&#13;
qualitative methodology informed by the interpretive philosophy. The case study design was&#13;
employed in this study. Purposive sampling was employed to select information rich cases&#13;
who in this case are A-level students who were pursuing teacher training in colleges and dean&#13;
of students of colleges and universities. Open-ended questionnaires, semi-structured&#13;
interviews focus groups and document analysis were the data generation tools. For data&#13;
presentation and analysis, the constant comparative method was employed and themes were&#13;
generated. The major findings of the study were that high achieving students are training as&#13;
teachers yet they have points that qualify them to go to university. Policy issues, economic&#13;
challenges, culture, gender and discrimination emerged as issues hindering potential students’&#13;
access to university education. The study concluded that there are barriers hindering&#13;
Advanced-Level high achieving students’ access to university. In view of the conclusions&#13;
above, the study recommends that educational policy on access to universities, be interpreted&#13;
and implemented holistically. It is further recommended that the government avail funds and&#13;
resource materials towards access to university and more information on access be&#13;
disseminated to schools through, radios, newspapers and workshops. From the findings an&#13;
emergent model has been crafted to illuminate haze ideas on how to increase access to&#13;
university education in Zimbabwe</text>
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                <text>Zimbabwe Open University </text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>2017&#13;
</text>
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        <name>student admission</name>
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Staff  Publications</text>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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                <text>HIGHER EDUCATION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT:&#13;
THE ROLE OF OPEN AND DISTANCE LEARNING&#13;
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                <text>PROFESSOR EMERITUS ANUWAR ALI</text>
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                <text>In the light of globalisation and the world’s ever-changing social and economic landscape, higher education is now universally considered a critical force in contributing towards sustainable development.  To enhance and improve higher education systems will be an imperative for every country to ensure that its people have the opportunity to gain knowledge for capacity building purposes as well as to create a knowledge-based society.  This is all the more important for the developing regions, such as Asia and Africa.  With a revived interest in higher education, many countries find it difficult to cope with the increasing demand for university places.  Additionally, various global forces are influencing the way people perceive teaching and learning, as well as changing the way academic programmes are being delivered.  Universities, courses and even learners are no longer restricted by regular notions of time and space.  Higher education institutions need to be mindful of these forces if they are to remain relevant in such a dynamic and fast-paced environment.  This paper will evaluate some salient features of the current higher education scenario and address the role of higher education in sustainable development, seen from the specific perspective of open and distance learning (ODL).  Here, ODL will be given the spotlight, and its value to a country’s higher education system will be discussed.  This paper will also share the experiences of Malaysia’s premier ODL institution, Open University Malaysia (OUM) in contributing towards human capital development in the country.&#13;
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                <text>Zimbabwe Open University&#13;
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                <text>2012</text>
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